Loss of competitiveness spills over into every sector of the economy, and causes a collapse

Republicans hate the plan- pharmaceutical industries that control them have forced them to reject it before

By December 2002...reject the compromise 

Jeffrey A. Andrews, Associate, Locke Lidell & Sapp LLP, Houston, PhD from Duke, MFS from Yale, BS/BA from University of Rochester, Winter 2006, Loyola of Los Angeles International & Comparative Law Review

     [“ARTICLE: Pfizer's Viagra Patent and the Promise of Patent Protection”, 28 Loy. L.A. Int'l & Comp. L. Rev. 1, 11-29-07] p. Lexis

It is important ... patent in China.

(“UN: Diseases Spreading Faster Than Ever,” http://www.cnn.com/2007/HEALTH/conditions/08/23/health.un.reut/ index.html?eref=rss_topstories) 

Infectious diseases . . . 1.5 billion people. 

Climate and mixture of animal and plant life make Africa the key place to check emerging disease

Africa News, April 27, 2006

(“Animal and Plant Diseases a Growing Threat”, lexis) 

A UK government . . . used to be. 

These diseases are devastating if left unchecked—they kill more than war, famine, or crime

 Stefansson, Head of Science and Society at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 2003

(Halldor, EMBO REPORTS, “Infectious Disease and Bioweapons”, November 8-9, http://www.nature.com/embor/journal/v4/n6s/full/embor843.html) 

Microorganisms . . . accidents or crime. 

(Mike, THE GUARDIAN, “The plague of bird flu will erupt out of Java, not Suffolk”, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/story/0,,2007340,00.html) 

In most of . . . elsewhere in Java. 

A mutation is imminent—makes the virus rampant

Forbes, 10-4-2007 (“Key Viral Change Could Help Bird Flu Spread”) 

US scientists . . . a human virus. 

Satish Chandra, 5-7-2004 (Deputy National Security Advisor of India, Center for Strategic Decision Research, Global Security: A broader Concept for the 21^st Century, http://www.csdr.org/2004book/chandra.htm) 

This scenario . . . rate is estimated. 

That’s global nuclear war

Walter Mead, economics badass and member of NPQ board of advisors, 1992 (New Perspectives Quarterly, Summer, p. 30) 

If so, this . . . in the 30’s. 

That makes all other impacts inevitable

The Guardian 2006 (Larry Elliott, “Bird Flu” could be 21^st century Black Dealth, January 27^th, http://www.guardian .co.uk/birdflu/story/0,,1696021,00.html ) 

Avian flu has . . . of the spectrum. 

Stephen B. Blount, 5-2-2007  (MD, MPH, Director Office for Global Health US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention before the Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, HHS, Education, and Related Agencies, United States Senate, http://www .hhs.gov/asl/testify/2007/05/t20070502a.html) 

Currently the US . . . respond effectively. 

Contention two: Bioweapons 

Subpoint A: The death toll 

Biological terrorism is easy and likely—Africa is a unique flashpoint because of endemic pathogens and weak infrastructure—surveillance is key to check an attack

 Njuguna, Masters in Biotechnology and prominent contributor on bioweapons to Bonn International Center, 2005 (James Thuo, AFRICAN SECURITY REVIEW, Vol. 14, No. 1, “Evaluating the threat of biological weapons in Eastern Africa”, http://www.iss.co.za/index.php?link_id=3&slink_id=1967&link_type=12&slink_type=12&tmpl _id=3) 

Terrorist groups exist . . . African Security Review. 

Bioterrorism causes extinction—the risk is larger than nuclear conflict

Richard Ochs, 7-9-2002 (Analyst for the chemical weapons working group, Biological Weapons Must Be Abolished Immediately, http://www.freefromterror.net/other_articles/abolish.html) 

Of all the weapons . . . extinction is now possible. 

The US has a shortage of trained personnel who can recognize exotic pathogens—this kills any effective response and guarantees mass casualties

 Katz, doctoral candidate at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs and the Office of Population Research at Princeton University, 2002 (Rebecca, The Washington Quarterly, “Public Health Preparedness: The Best Defense against Biological Weapons,” Summer, vol. 25, no. 3, p.69, ln) 

When Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome . . . attack agents. 

Even if bioweapons don’t cause extinction, US casualties mean retaliation—this escalates into nuclear war

Lt Col Harry W. Conley, Spring 2003 (chief of the Systems Analysis Branch, Directorate of Requirements, Headquarters Air Combat Command (ACC), Langley AFB, Virginia. Air & Space Power Journal, http://www. airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj03/spr03/conley.html) 

The number of . . . had been made. 

 

Information sharing and cooperation mean nothing—hands on training is vital

The real world information . . . management positions. 

The US must lead these efforts—it’s the only country that can effectively coordinate info sharing and make it useful—otherwise all surveillance is useless

Smolinski et al. 2003 – Director of the Global Health and Security Initiative at Nuclear Threat Initiative [Marks. Smolinski (Former Senior Program Officer at the Institute of Medicine of the National Academics of Science and Epidemic Intelligence Officer for the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), Margaret A. Hamburg (Vice President for Biological Programs at Nuclear Threat Initiative), & Joshua Lederberg (Directs the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Informatics at The Rockefeller University) Editors, Board on Global Health at the institute of  the National Academics, Microbial threats to Health: Emergence, Detection, and Response, 3-18-2003, http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10636.html] 

The United States should . . . such as CDC. 

Jonathan B. Tucker, 2004 (Senior Fellow in the Washington, D.C. office of Center of Nonproliferation Studies, where he specializes in chemical and biological weapons issues, The Nonproliferation Review, http://cns.miis.edu/ pubs/npr/vol11/111/111tucker.pdf) 

In the face of . . . some policy recommendations. 

These norms are vital and U.S. support is the only way to make them credible

Michael Barletta and Amy Sands, 2002 (Monterey Institute of International Studies, After 9/11: Preventing Mass-Destruction Terrorism and Weapons Proliferation, a publication of the Center for Nonproliferation Studies, http://cns.miis.edu/pubs/opapers/op8/op8.pdf) 

However, the international norm . . . by the United States. 

Ethirajan Anbarasan, March 1999 (BBC World Service, quoting multiple genetics experts, UNESCO COURIER, a publication of the United Nations, http://www.unesco.org/courier/1999_03/uk/ethique/txt1.htm) 

Scientists have warned . . . acquiring biological weapons. 

 

That’s really bad: they are instruments of genocide, the research process creates errors that risk extinction, and the weapons themselves outweigh all other security threats.

Wayne Krug 1999 (The Threat of Genobiological Weapons, http://www.kingdomofprussia.com/Genobiological Weapons.htm) 

Many advances have . . . pose to humanity. 

John Borrie and Dominique Loye, 2005 (leads a project on ‘Disarmament as Humanitarian Action’ at the UN Institute for Disarmament Affairs in Geneva. Previously he worked in the Mines-Arms Unit of the ICRC, and before that he was New Zealand ’s deputy head of mission for disarmament in Geneva and working on biological disarmament issues. Deputy Head of the Mines-Arms Unit of the International Committee of the Red Cross in Geneva. His current work covers issues related to weapons and international humanitarian law. African Security Review Vol 14 No 1, http://www.iss.co.za/index.php?link_id=3&slink_id=1978&link_type=12&slink_type= 12&tmpl_id=3) 

The 1925 Geneva Protocol . . . in their own interests. 

Surveillance is critical to deterrence and to make the Protocol and other measures to boost the BWC effective—they’re useless by themselves and arguments otherwise are dated and wrong

John R. Walker 2003 (the Arms Control and Disarmament Research Unit, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, London. EMBO Reports – vol 4,-- European Molecular Biology Organization -- http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1326441) 

Our response to bioterrorism . . . was first created. 

The plan is the best way to boost the US Commitment to the BWC—efforts by the nations themselves fail

Joseph Biden 3-19-2002 (US Senator of Delaware, Ranking Member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Federal News Service, lexis) 

How can the . . . to the WHO network. 

Thus the plan 

The United States federal government, specifically the Executive Branch, should issue an executive order to substantially increase the following forms of assistance: 

Disease Research, Surveillance, Isolation, and Containment Centers – with one regional center established in the East, West, Central, and Southern regions of the African subcontinent. These centers will be equipped to offer outbreak assistance and will operate epidemiological early warning systems (designed to monitor disease vectors). Appropriate training shall be offered. We get to clarify intent.

 

Contention three: Solvency 

William Fox Jr., 1998 (M.D., is en route to assignment as the Commander of Bayne-Jones Army Hospital, Ft. Polk, LA, where he concurrently will serve as Command Surgeon of the Joint Readiness Training Center -- Parameters, Winter 1997-98, pp. 121-36. -- http://carlisle-www.army.mil/usawc/parameters/97winter/fox.htm) 

Disease research, surveillance . . . humanitarian disaster 

Disease surveillance provides the best hands on training and the CDC is the only agency with experience coordinating other key agencies like the WHO in response

Ultimately even the best . . . to protect health 

For comparative purposes . . . is unmatched globally 

David A. Koplow 2003 (Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center, Maryland Law Review, lawrev) 

Of course, even . . . areas of accord 

Politics link turns: 

Dis surveillance is widely pop

Charlene Porter Washington File Staff writer Dec 8 2005 Lexis

Bipartisan support is . . . double this amount 

Win for Bush

Dana Bash CNN White House correspondent 1/11/2005 Lexis

One Bush advisor . . . bird flu pandemic 

Widely popular

Brian Knowlton International Herald Tribune 2005

Congressional attention to . . . is dangerously unprepared 

Surveillance is unpop—budget cuts prove

Gwyn Winfield CBRNe World “Threat Watch” March 2007

CDC’s disease surveillance . . . in the US too. 

CDC spending unpop

Kate Matus “House approves amendment to prevent squandering funds on luxurious and unnecessary people”  July 2007

First District Congressman . . . advance this goal. 

Surveillance spending is unpop

Jeff Nesmith, Cox News Service, “CDC Budget  for Core Activities is Cut” 2007

The core programs of . . . local health departments