Institute of linguistic and intercultural studies chair of applied modern languages in economics and law
Give English equivalents for the following
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- 5 . Form 7 derivatives of the verb ‘to produce’.
- 6 . Use these words once each to complete the paragraph below.
- 7 . Guess the products.
- 8 . Do the crossword.
4. Give English equivalents for the following:
5. Form 7 derivatives of the verb ‘to produce’.
6. Use these words once each to complete the paragraph below.A few years ago, Harry Coe’s, a large _____________________ (1) of tinned food __________________________s (2), decided that some of their workers were not __________________________(3) enough. Much of the work of preparing fruit and vegetables was done on rows of tables rather than on a ___________________(4) line. So they decided to introduce a piecework system, whereby workers got paid according to the amount of work they completed. The company thought that this would motivate previously _____________________________(5) workers and thus increase ___________________________________(6). Yet the new pay scheme did not _________________________(7) the results they expected: after six months they were still purchasing the same amount of agricultural ________________________(8), but there was a lot of dissatisfaction among the workers who were now all earning different amounts of money. 7. Guess the products.1. Electric device which stores information on disks, analyzes it and produces further information as required. 2. Book for a daily record of events, appointments. 3. Solar or battery powered machine that calculates automatically. 4. Flat case for documents. 5. A machine, especially one connected to a computer system that produces printed material by means of laser light. 6. Apparatus for giving light from gas, electricity. 7. White face and black hands. Mechanism or battery inside. 8. Machine that makes photocopies. 9. Swivel base with or without arms. Fully adjustable. Variety of fabrics and leather. Deep cushioning. 10. Makes calls anywhere inside or within 100 meters outside. 8. Do the crossword.1 ___ ___ ___|___|___ 2 ___ ___ ___ ___|___|___ ___ ___ ___ 3 ___ ___|___|___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 4 ___ ___ ___|___|___ ___ ___ ___ 5 ___ ___ ___ ___|___|___ ___ 6 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___|___|___ ___ 7 ___ ___ ___|___|___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 8 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___|___|___ ___ ___ ___ 9 ___ ___ ___ ___|___|___ ___ 10 ___|___|___ ___ ___ 11 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___|___|___ ___
10. Real things that can be sold and bought. 11. A guarantee of quality provided by a manufacturer. 9. Match the beginnings of the sentences with their endings.
10. In pairs invent a new product and give it a name. Think about the following points:
Once you have chosen the name for your product prepare a short oral presentation to give to the rest of the class. In your presentation you should describe your product and explain how and why you chose its name. Both of you should speak in the presentation.
If you can’t think of any ideas for a new product use one of the ideas below:
RETAILERS AND WHOLESALERS The usual way by which goods reach the consumer from the producer is through the wholesaler and the retailer. This is the method of distribution suitable for most manufactured goods. All the trade firms can be divided into wholesalers and retailers. The wholesaler buys goods in bulk from producers and sells them in small quantities to retailers. In doing so he helps production, and relieves manufacturers and retailers of the risk of a fall in demand which may be caused, for example, by fashion changes, or seasonal fluctuations, or insufficient advertising. The holding of stocks is in itself a valuable economic function that helps to even out prices depending on temporary changes in demand and supply. In some cases the manufacturer bypasses the wholesaler and deals directly with the retailer. Most often this occurs in the case of 'branded goods', or goods with manufacturer's trademarks. Another example is furniture - this type of product is large in size and expensive, its rate of turnover is slow, that is why it may go straight from the manufacturer to the retailer. Consumers usually deal with the retailer. Retailing is selling goods to the ultimate customer. Retailers create trade outlets (shops, supermarkets, department stores) that must be convenient for their potential customers. Retailers often provide guarantees and aftersale maintenance of the goods. Retailers help to promote new goods to the market. They may also provide financial assistance to their buyers by offering credits and discounts on the goods. Their profits are made through a system of markups which leads to a considerable growth of retail price as compared to producer's or wholesale price. KEY WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS:
1. Answer the questions below: 1. Who deals directly with the customers: the retailer or the wholesaler? 2. How can goods reach the consumer from the producer? 3. In what cases does the manufacturer deal directly with the retailer? 4. Can consumers buy everyday goods directly from the manufacturer? 5. What will you do if your new TV does not work two days after it has been bought? Who will you address? 6. May shops be run by the manufacturers? 7. What can you say about the difference between manufacturer's, wholesale and retail prices? 8. Give your examples of seasonal fall in demand. 2. In the text, find equivalents for the following words and expressions:
3. Choose synonyms to the following words: 1. insufficient (too much, enough, not enough) 2. suitable (valuable, convenient, sufficient) 3. bypass (avoid, surpass, surprise) 4. even out (make something straight, balanced, misbalanced) 5. temporary (forever, for a long time, for a short period) 6. ultimate (final, intermediate, primary) 7. potential (permanent, possible, occasional) 4. Choose the right word. 1. Temperature ... are rather strong this spring. a. deviations b. fluctuations c. examinations 2. Retailers usually set up their trade ... at convenient places. a. marks b. unions c. outlets 3. Good advertising ... sales of goods. a. provides for b. promotes c. supplies 4. Customers prefer to pay ... prices. a. suitable b. convenient c.. low 5. The door is closed. We apologize for a ... inconvenience. a. bad b. permanent c. temporary 6. ... goods are usually the most expensive. a. high-quality b. branded c. fashionable 7. ... price doesn't include transportation costs. a. retail b. manufacturer's c. wholesale 8. ... are often offered at the end of the season. a. discounts b. accounts c. reductions 5. Give English equivalents for the following words and expressions:
6. Put down as many nouns and adjectives as you can.
7. Do the crossword. 1 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___|___|___ ___ 2 ___ ___|___|___ ___ 3 ___ ___ ___ ___|___|___ 4 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___|___|___ ___ 5 ___ ___ ___ ___|___|___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 6 ___ ___ ___|___|___ ___ 7 ___ ___ ___|___|___ 8 ___ ___ ___ ___|___|___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 9 ___|___|___ ___ ___ ___ 10 ___|___|___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 11 ___ ___ ___ ___|___|___ 12 ___ ___|___|___ ___ ___ 1. Person who buys goods and uses them. 2. Manufacturer's trademark. 3. Need for goods at a certain price. 4. Price reduction. 5. Not enough. 6. To refuse or ignore somebody's services. 7. Large quantity of goods ready for sale. 8. Keeping a machine in good working order. 9. To provide something which is needed. 10. To introduce and advertise goods on the market. 11. Any shop with retail prices. 12. Price increase practised by retailers. 8. Match the beginnings of the sentences with their endings.
Directory: Litere Litere -> Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822) Litere -> Free International University of Moldova Faculty of Letters Department of Germanic Languages Zinaida Cameneva syntheses in Linguistics Suport de curs la disciplina "Lingvistica" Chişinău – 2014 Litere -> From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Download 0.78 Mb. Share with your friends:
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