Leafcutter and Mason Bees: a Biological Catalogue of the Genus Megachile of the Neotropics Anthony Raw
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- Subgenus Chelostomoides Robertson
Subgenus Callomegachile MichenerChalicodoma subgenus Callomegachile Michener 1962: 21-22. Type species: Chalicodoma mystaceana Michener 1962: 22-24. Original designation. Michener 1965: 188-190. Mitchell 1980: 30. Chalicodoma subgenus Carinella Pasteels 1965: 447-449. Type species: Megachile torrida Smith 1853: 156. Original designation. Synonymy of Michener 2000: 550. Megachile (Callomegachile) Michener et al 1994: 149, Michener 2000: 550. Megachile (Carinula) (new name and new combination) Michener et al 1994: 149. Synonymy of Michener 2000: 550. Callomegachile at present comprises >70 species. Half occur in the East Indies, 24 are in Africa and there is one each in Australia and southern Europe. Four species have been introduced into the New World.
Apis disjuncta Fabricius 1781: 481. Type locality: Am. Mer. Ins. [West Indies]. Type repository: ? Anthophora disjuncta Fabricius 1804: 374. Trachusa disjuncta Jurine 1807: 251. Megachile disjuncta Lepeletier 1841: 331. Megachile (Pseudomegachile) disjuncta Friese 1911: 207. Chalicodoma (Callomegachile) disjuncta Pasteels 1965: 467-468 (D, R-FM). Michener 1965: 191. Megachile (Pseudomegachile) disjuncta Raw 2002 #7: 6. ADDITIONAL REFERENCE. Cockerell 1937b: 164 (D). Pagden 1934: 488-489 (D, N, P). DISTRIBUTION. Old World: INDIA. JAPAN. MADAGASCAR. MALAYSIA. REUNION. SEYCHELLES. New World: WEST INDIES. It is an Asian species, introduced to African and West Indian islands. FLOWERS. In Asia:- Crotalaria, Tephrosia. NESTING. Nests in existing cavities around buildings. Cells constructed of leaf pieces including Cassia alata, Crotalaria saltiana. PREDATORS. Melittobia hawaiiensis.
Apis rufipennis Fabricius 1793: 335. Female. Type locality: [St. Croix, West Indies]. Type repository: Kiel. Anthophora rufipennis Fabricius 1804: 373. Trachusa rufipennis Jurine 1807: 251. Megachile rufipennis Latreille 1809: 166. Megachile atriceps Cresson 1865: 176. Female. Type locality: Cuba. Type repository: ANSP 2455. Synonymy of Moure 1960: 109 (D). Megachile nigriceps Friese 1903: 277. Type locality: ? Type repository: MNHN. Synonymy of Pasteels 1965: 476. Megachile atriceps rukuruensis Cockerell 1937b: 146. Male. Type locality: Valley of N. Rukuru, Karonga District, Nyasaland, 2000-4000 ft, 15-18 July 1910 (S. A. Neave). Synonymy of Pasteels 1965: 476. Megachile (Archimegachile) atriceps Mitchell 1943b: 671. Chalicodoma (Callomegachile) rufipennis Pasteels 1965: 476-478. Megachile (Callomegachile) rufipennis Raw 2002 #7: 6. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES. Alayo 1976: 23 (D). Cockerell 1905: 339 & 341 (K); 1935: 2 (D). Cresson 1916: 131 (T as M. atriceps). Jayasingh & Freeman 1980: 215-216 (N, P). Smith 1853: 188 (T). RAW. DISTRIBUTION. Old World: EAST AFRICA. ZAIRE: Katanga; Kivu; Kisangani. New World: CUBA: (rare) Habana, Pinar del Rio. GUADELOUPE. HAITI: Port-au-Prince. JAMAICA: AN; CA (locally common). MONTSERRAT. U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS: St. Croix. NESTING. Nests in beetle burrows in wood and trapnests of bored wood. Said to excavate own nest in rotten wood. PREDATORS. Suidasia and moulds. Mortality during the young stages in trapnests in Jamaica was 58%.
Megachile solitaria Smith 1879: 80. Female. Type locality: St. Domingo [West Indies]. Type repository: NHML 17a2425. Megachile (Archimegachile) solitaria Mitchell 1943b: 671. Synonym of Megachile (Carinella) torrida Smith see Pasteels 1965: 454-455, but good species (D.B. Baker pers. comm.). Megachile (Callomegachile) solitaria Raw 2002 #7: 6. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES. Cockerell 1905: 338 (R-F), 341 (K): 1935: 14 (D). DISTRIBUTION. Old World: GHANA. LIBERIA. UGANDA. ZAIRE. New World: SANTO DOMINGO.
Megachile torridus Smith 1853: 156. Type locality: The Gambia (Rendall). Megachile (Megachile) torrida Friese 1909b: 355 (D). Megachile torrida Cockerell 1937b: 243 (D). Megachile (Archimegachile) solitaria Mitchell 1943b: 671. Chalicodoma (Carinella) torrida Pasteels 1965: 454-455. Megachile (Megachile) torrida Raw 2002 #7: 7. DISTRIBUTION. Old World: GAMBIA. GHANA. KENYA. LIBERIA. MALAWI. MOZAMBIQUE. NIGERIA. TOGO. UGANDA. SENEGAL. ZAIRE. ZAMBIA. ZIMBABWE. New World: SANTO DOMINGO. Subgenus Chelostomoides RobertsonChelostomoides Robertson 1901: 231. Type species: Megachile rugifrons Smith 1854: 220 [= Megachile rufimanus Robertson 1891]. Subsequent designation (Mitchell 1938: 412). Oligotropus Robertson 1903: 168. Type species: Megachile campanulae Robertson 1903. Synonymy of Mitchell 1937a: 381. Gnathodon Robertson 1903: 168. Type species: Megachile georgicus Cresson 1878. Pre-occupied. Sarogaster Robertson 1918: 92. Proposed to replace Gnathodon Robertson. Synonymy of Mitchell 1937a: 381. Megachile (Chelostomoides) Mitchell 1934: 298, 306, 937d: 382-383 [redescriptions of female and male], 1943b: 664, 1956: 129-131, 1973: 6. Michener 1953: 1059, 2000: 553. Michener et al 1994: 149. Chalicodoma (Chelostomoides) Michener 1962: 20. Mitchell 1980: 35-39 [redescriptions of female and male]. Chelostomoidella Snelling 1990: 36-37. Type species: Megachile (Chelostomoides) spinotulata Mitchell 1934. Original designation. Synonymy of Michener The subgenus is most abundant in southwestern U.S.A., through Mexico and Central America. Seventeen species are neotropical, one of which also occurs in U.S.A. Three are West Indian, three have been collected in Colombia and one in Peru. R. R. Snelling (1990) redescribed the subgenus and twenty species and also described five new species. Both he (1990: 5-8) and Mitchell (1956: 134-138) provided keys to the identification of members of the subgenus.
Megachile abacula Cresson 1878: 130-131. Female. Type locality: Mexico (Sumichrast). Type repository: ANSP 2437. Examined. Megachile (Oligotropus) gualanensis Cockerell 1912b: 27-28. Female. Type locality: Gualan, Guatemala (W.P. Cockerell). Type repository: USNM 54861. Examined. Synonymy of Snelling 1990: 25-26. Megachile (Chelostomoides) gualanensis Mitchell 1934: 301. Megachile (Chelostomoides) abacula Mitchell 1943b: 664. Chalicodoma (Chelostomoides) abacula Snelling 1990: 25-26 (D, F, L, R-FM). ADDITIONAL REFERENCES. Ayala et al 1997: 455 (D). W. P. Cockerell 1912: 279 (D, N, P). Cresson 1916: 110 (T as M. gualanensis). Mitchell 1956: 135-136 (K); 1930: 177 (D). DISTRIBUTION. COSTA RICA: Guanacaste. HONDURAS. MEXICO: CH, OA, YU. GUATEMALA. NICARAGUA. FLOWERS. Andira inermis, Cordia collococca, Lonchocarpus costaricensis, Melanthera nivea, Phyllocarpus, Salvia. LIFE HISTORY. Adults fly from September to April. NESTING. In mud walls. PREDATOR. Coelioxys sanguinosus.
Chalicodoma (Chelostomoides) alucaba Snelling 1990: 26-27. Female. Type locality: 9.2 km W Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Type repository: LACM. Megachile (Chelostomoides) alucaba Ayala et al 1997: 455 (D). DISTRIBUTION. MEXICO: JA; MO; PU; SI; ZA. LIFE HISTORY. Adults fly in September and October.
Megachile armaticeps Cresson 1869: 296-297. Female. Type locality: Cuba. Type repository: GCH (no.527). Megachile (Sayapis) armaticeps Krombein 1953b: 22, Raw 2002 #7: 7. Chalicodoma (Chelostomoides) armaticeps Snelling 1990: 28. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES. Alayo 1976: 23 (D). Cresson 1916: 12 (T). Gundlach 1886: 164-165 (D, R-F). DISTRIBUTION. CUBA: Matanza, Oriente (a rare coastal species).
Chalicodoma (Chelostomoides) asymmetrica Snelling 1990: 9-13. Male. Type locality: Oaxaca, Mexico, 8 Sept 1965 on Caesalpinia sclerocarpa (D. H. Janzen). Type repository: KANS. Megachile (Chelostomoides) asymmetrica Ayala et al 1997: 455 (D). DISTRIBUTION. MEXICO: JA, OA, QR; SL; YU. LIFE HISTORY. Adults collected in February, April and September.
Chalicodoma (Chelostomoides) axyx Snelling 1990: 32-33. Female. Type locality: Hacienda Comelco, 24 km NW Cañas, Costa Rica, 16 Feb 1972 on Andira inermis (E. R. Heithaus). Type repository: LACM. Megachile (Chelostomoides) axyx Raw 2002 #7: 7. DISTRIBUTION. COSTA RICA: Guanacaste. FLOWERS. Andira inermis, Byrsonima, Caesalpinia eriostachys, Dalbergia retusa, Gliricidia sepium, Lonchocarpus costaricensis, Myrospermum frutescens, Pterocarpus rohrii, Securidaca sylvestris, Simaruba glauca, Tabebuia rosea. LIFE HISTORY. Adults fly from November to April.
Megachile bipartita Smith 1879: 83. Female. Type locality: Oaxaca, Mexico. Type repository: NHML 17a2471. Examined. Megachile (Chelostomoides) bipartita Ayala et al 1997: 455 (D). ADDITIONAL REFERENCE. Cockerell 1905: 340 (K). DISTRIBUTION. MEXICO: OA.
Megachile cartagenensis Mitchell 1930: 176-177. Male. Type locality: Cartagena, Colombia, 30 October 1926 (George Salt). Type repository: NHML 17a2408. Examined. Megachile (Chelostomoides) cartagenensis Mitchell 1934: 301. ADDITIONAL REFERENCE. Mitchell 1956: 137 (K). DISTRIBUTION. COLOMBIA.
Chalicodoma (Chelostomoides) ecplectica Snelling 1990: 35-36. Female. Type locality: 11.4 mi W Chilpancingo, 7700 ft elev., Guerrero, Mexico, 31 July 1969 (University of Kansas Mexican Expedition). Type repository: KANS. Megachile (Chelostomoides) ecplectica Ayala et al 1997: 455 (D). DISTRIBUTION. MEXICO: GU.
Megachile haemotoxylonae Mitchell 1930: 178-179. Female. Type locality: Mamatoco, Santa Marta, Colombia, 18 February 1927 (M. A. Carriker). Type repository: NHML 17a2403. Examined. Megachile (Chelostomoides) haemotoxylonae Mitchell 1934: 301. ADDITIONAL REFERENCE. Mitchell 1956: 135 (K). DISTRIBUTION. COLOMBIA: Santa Marta. FLOWERS. Haematoxylon.
Megachile izucara Cresson 1878: 131. Male. Type locality: Mexico (Sumichrast). Type repository: ANSP 2438. Megachile (Chelostomoides) izucara Mitchell 1934: 301. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES. Ayala et al 1997: 455. Cresson 1916: 121 (T). DISTRIBUTION. MEXICO.
Chelostomoides jamaicae Raw 1984a: 495. Female. Type locality: Port Royal Cemetery, Jamaica, 11 April 1974 (A. Raw). Type repository: OUM. Examined. Megachile (Chelostomoides) jamaicae Raw 2002 #7: 8. ADDITIONAL REFERENCE. Raw 1985: 2-13 (D, F, M). This rare species is similar to Megachile (Chelostomoides) abacula in general form and colour and in the shape of the clypeus. DISTRIBUTION. JAMAICA: AW. FLOWERS. Capparis ferruginea L.
Megachile otomita Cresson 1878: 123. Male. Type locality: Mexico (Sumichrast). Type repository: ANSP 2417. Examined. Megachile squamosa Friese 1916: 340. Male & Female. Type locality: San José, Costa Rica [females]/ Popayan, Colombia [male]. Type repository: ? Synonymy of Mitchell 1930: 176 (D). Megachile knabi Cockerell 1919a: 215-216. Male. Type locality: Cordoba, Mexico, 20 Dec 1907 (F. Knab). Type repository: USNM 21685. Examined. Synonymy of Mitchell 1930: 176. Megachile (Chelostomoides) otomita Mitchell 1934: 301. Chalicodoma (Chelostomoides) otomita Snelling 1990: 19-20 (D, F, L). ADDITIONAL REFERENCES. Ayala et al 1997: 455 (D). Cockerell 1932: 13 (D, K); 1949: 450 (D, L). Cresson 1916: 126 (T); Friese 1921: 80 (N, L, P as M. squamosa). Mitchell 1956: 135 (K), 138 (K). DISTRIBUTION. BELIZE: Corozal. COLOMBIA: Antioquia, Valle; Popayan. COSTA RICA: Cartago, Guanacaste, San José; Mount Redonda. GUATEMALA. HONDURAS: Zamorano. MEXICO: CP, JA, MO, OA, QR, SL, TA, VC, YU- Chichenitza. FLOWERS. Acacia tenuiflora, Andira inermis, Aster, Leonurus, Lotus, Salvia, Triplaris americana. LIFE HISTORY. Adults fly throughout the year. NESTING. In Bamboo stems. PREDATORS. Possibly Stelis costaricensis.
Megachile peruviana Smith 1879: 79. Female. Type locality: Peru. Type repository: NHML 17a2500. Examined. Megachile (Chelostomoides) peruviana Mitchell 1943b: 664. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES. Cockerell 1949: 450 (D). Mitchell 1956: 135, 136 (K). DISTRIBUTION. PERU. HONDURAS: Zamorano.
Megachile quadridentata Mitchell 1930: 177-178. Female. Type locality: Guadalajara, Mexico. Type repository: USNM. Chalicodoma (Chelostomoides) quadridentata Snelling 1990: 20-21. Megachile (Chelostomoides) quadridentata Ayala et al 1997: 455 (D). DISTRIBUTION. MEXICO: GE, GU, JA, MO, OA, PU, SI, SL, VC, ZA. FLOWER. Caesalpinia sclerocarpa. LIFE HISTORY. Adults fly throughout the year.
Chelostomoides pedalis Raw 1984a: 494-495. Female. Type locality: Maryland, St. Andrew, Jamaica, 30 June 1972 (A. Raw). Type repository: OUM. Examined. ADDITIONAL REFERENCE. Raw 1985: 2-13 (D, F, M). Megachile (Chelostomoides) rawi Engel 1999: 2. New name for Chelostomoides pedalis Raw. This rare species is the size, colour and approximate shape of M. (Neomegachile) pedalis Fox. DISTRIBUTION. JAMAICA: AW. FLOWER. Piscidia piscipula.
Chalicodoma (Chelostomoides) reflexa Snelling 1990: 21-22. Male. Type locality: Estacion Biologia de Chamela, near San Patricio, Jalisco, Mexico, 12 May 1980 (S. H. Bullock). Type repository: LACM. Megachile (Chelostomoides) reflexa Ayala et al 1997: 455 (D). DISTRIBUTION. MEXICO: GE, JA, MO, NA, OA, PU, SI, SO. FLOWERS. Antigonum leptopus, Caesalpinia sclerosa, Cercidium, Lonchocarpus, Prosopis. LIFE HISTORY. Adults fly throughout the year.
Megachile (Chelostomoides) texensis Mitchell 1956: 132-133. Female. Type locality: Southmost, Cameron County, Texas, 13 April 1950 on Parkinsonia (Beamer, Stephen, Michener & Rozens). Type repository: USNM. Examined. Chalicodoma (Chelostomoides) texensis Hurd 1979: 2076 (N, F, P). Megachile (Chelostomoides) texensis Ayala et al 1997: 455 (D). ADDITIONAL REFERENCE. Snelling 1990: 33-35 (D, F, R-FM). DISTRIBUTION. COSTA RICA: Guanacaste. MEXICO: CH, JA, PU, SO, VC, YU. U.S.A.: TX. FLOWERS. Agastache breviflora, Andira inermis, Caesalpinia eriostachys, Dalbergia retusa, Gliricidia sepium, Lonchocarpus costaricensis, Parkinsonia. All are Leguminosae. NESTING. Nest site: old beetle burrows of ramada. LIFE HISTORY. Flight records are from December to August. Download 0.92 Mb. Share with your friends:
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