uitbreakerto isolate the inverters,and a systembypass circuitbreakerinparallel withthestaticbypassswitch.The staticbypass switchshall denotethesolid-statedevice that can instantaneouslyconnectthe alternateAC sourceto theload. Manual LoadTransfers. A manualloadtransferbetweentheinverter outputsand the alternateACsourceshall beinitiatedfromthe control panel.Manuallyinitiatedtransfers shall bemake-before-breakutilizingthe UPSoutput andsystembypasscircuitbreakers. Thestaticswitch shallnot beusedfor manual transfers.
AutomaticLoadTransfers. Anautomaticloadtransferbetweenthe inverter outputsand the alternateACsourceshall beinitiatedifanoverloadconditionissustainedfor a timeperiod inexcessofthesystemoutputcapabilityor due toa malfunction that wouldaffectthe output voltage.Transferscausedbyoverloadsshallinitiate anautomaticretransferofthe load backtothe systemonly after theloadhasreturnedtoalevel withinthe ratingofthe SCC (System Control Cabinet). The UPSsystemlogicshall allow0 to5 retransfers(adjustable)withinanyone-hourperiod toprevent cyclical transfers causedbyoverloads
Momentary Overloads. Inthe eventofa loadcurrentinrush or branchloadcircuitfault in excess of the system rating, the static bypass switch shall connect the alternate AC source to theloadfor upto40milliseconds.This pulsedparallel operationshall allowupto1000% ofthe nominalratedoutputcurrenttoflow for subcyclefaults, andupto500% ofnormal rated outputcurrentforuptothreecycles.Outputvoltageshall besustainedtothe extent the alternateACsourcecapacity pen-nits.Ifthe overloadconditionisremovedin less than 40 milliseconds, the static bypass switch will turn off the load shall remain on UPS system power. If the overload remains, then an automatic transfer to the alternate AC source will be completed by closing the system bypass circuit breaker.
Back Feed Prevention. The criticaloutput busshall beprotectedfromthe flow ofexcesscurrentthrough the static bypassswitch path that may becausedbyalow impedancefaultatthe outputofthe UPSsystem.Each phaseofthe bypasscircuitshall be protectedby individual fuses and circuitbreakers.Blownfuse monitors shallindicatewhen a blownfusewill preventthestaticbypassswitch path frombeing availablefor automatic transfers. As requiredbyUL1778 and CSA,thestaticbypassswitchshall not back feed UPSpowertothe bypassdistributionsystemwhilethe UPSsystemis operating onbatteryduringa bypasssourcepoweroutage.The purposeofthis requirementisto preventthe riskofelectricalshockonthe distributionsystemwhen the normal sourceof powerisdisconnectedorhas failed.Thestatic bypassswitchshall be providedwith redundantbypasspoweroutagesensingcircuitsand disconnects.The back feedprevention systemshall operateeveniftwo componentfailuresexist simultaneously.Ifa shortedSCR isdetected,thestatic bypassswitchshall be isolated andanalarmmessageshall be annunciatedatthe SCC (System Control Cabinet).Theloadshall remain onconditionedand protected powerafter detection ofa shortedSCRand isolationofthe staticbypassswitch. Display and Controls. UPSControl Panel. The termUPScontrol panel denotes that portion ofthe UPScontaining the display panel and control functions.Membraneswitchesshall beusedtoselectand executeoperations