Міністерство освіти і науки України Сумський державний університет Збірник тематичних текстів
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Типи питань General Question Загальне питання (відповідь “так” або “ні”) Спосіб утворення: Допоміжне дієслово + підмет + смислове дієслово + всі інші члени речення. Students like playing football very much. Do students like playing very much? Some sports people go on playing very long. Do any sports people go on playing very long? I got hurt when I caught the ball. Did you get hurt when you caught the ball? There is more cheating in football today because football is big business. Is there more cheating in football today? Argentina was playing England in the quarter-finals of the 1986 World Cup in Mexico. Was Argentina playing England in the quarterfinals of the 1986 World Cup in Mexico? Special Question Спеціальне питання (з питальним словом) Спосіб утворення: Питальне слово + допоміжне дієслово + підмет + смислове дієслово + інші слова. Fred Lorz won the marathon at the St. Louis Olympic Games in 1904. When did Fred Lorz win the marathon at the St. Louis Olympic Games? Where did Fred Lorz win the marathon? A professional referee thinks fair play still exists. What does a professional referee think? Maradona scored many goals during football matches. How many goals did Maradona score during football matches? The most difficult thing for a referee is making decisions. What is the most difficult thing for a referee? Footballers cheat because they accept money to lose matches. Why do footballers cheat? Subject Question Питання до підмета Who (What) ставимо в речення замість підмета і переписуємо речення, нічого не змінюючи. Who (What) - займенники третьої особи однини. The spectators cheered their favourite sportsmen. Who cheered their favourite sportsmen? Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player. Who is the greatest basketball player? Hockey is played in winter. What is played in winter? Sometimes footballers cheat because of money. Who cheats because of money? Alternative Question Альтернативне питання (або те, або інше) Альтернативне питання складається так, як загальне: Допоміжне дієслово + підмет + смислове дієслово + or + інші слова. The captain of the team is one of the best players. Is the captain of the team one of the best or worst players? He prefers watching team sports. Does he prefer watching a team or an individual sport? My family and friends like sports. Do my family and friends like sports or music? Tag Question Питання з хвостиком (чи не так?) Це питання складається наступним чином: переписуємо речення, замість крапки в кінці ставимо кому і додаємо “хвостик”. “Хвостик” складається з допоміжного дієслова, частки not та підмета, вираженого займенником. Якщо в самому реченні є частка not, або інше заперечення, то в “хвостику” частка not відсутня. Physical education must be obligatory at school. Physical education must be obligatory at school, mustn't it? There are many kinds of sports I don't mind watching. There are many kinds of sports I don't mind watching, aren't there? Some sports people don't want to retire too long. Some sports people don't want to retire too long, do they? 1 Ask Who/What-questions: 1. I always go to bed early on Sunday. 2. Sally goes to work by train every morning. 3. Juan and Marco didn't go shopping yesterday. 4. Aerobics helps keep fit. 5. The banks aren't open today. 6. My parents live in France. 7. The film finished late last night. 8. We went to the Chinese restaurant yesterday. 9. Technology is growing very fast nowadays. 10. Sport is very important for everybody in our life. 2 Ask general questions: 1. My sister is listening to music at the moment. 2. Students use their mobile phones to communicate with parents and friends. 3. I bought a new car last week. 4. He has an exam tomorrow so he is studying now. 5. There were a lot of people at the cinema last night. 6. I always have breakfast at home. 7. I can't sing, but I can play the guitar. 8. There is little milk in the fridge. 9. I spoke to him on the phone ten minutes ago. 10. John and Mary have two children. 3 Ask questions: How many … ? How much … ? 1. There are 30 pupils in this classroom. 2. They have 2 children: a boy and a girl. 3. He can speak English, German and Italian. 4. My father works 40 hours a week. 5. I spend a little time for cooking breakfast every day. 6. Tennis racquet costs 150 dollars. 7. There is little butter on the plate. 8. I earn enough money. 4 Answer the questions and compare with a partner: How much time do you spend on a week day … ? - sleeping - having meals (breakfast, lunch, etc.) - working (or studying) - cooking - doing homework - doing sports - relaxing 5 Talk in small groups about the things below: 1) How much time do you have … ? - for yourself - to do exercises - to see friends - to be with your family
- work
- university work - English homework - energy
Have you ever won a medal? Do you like individual or team sport? Are there good stadiums in your town? Do you prefer doing sport or being a spectator?
Did you enjoy it? Do you think you are fit? Do your friends like sport? What sport do you hate?
what who which whose where when why how how often how much how many how long 1. '… do you do?' ' I'm a student.' 2. '… do you live?' 'In London.' 3. ' … have you lived there?' 'For two years.' 4. '… brothers and sisters have you got?' ' Two brothers and two sisters.' 5. '… is your favourite pop singer?' 'Michael Jackson'. 6. '… is your birthday? ' 'November the 3 rd.' 7. '… do you play tennis?' 'About once a week.' 8. '… does it cost to play tennis in Britain?' 'It's not very expensive.' 9. '… bag is this?' 'I think it's Simon's.' 10. '… do you usually get to work?' 'By car.' 11. '… of those girls is your sister?' 'She's the one in the black skirt.' 12. '… are you smiling?' 'Oh, I've just thought of something funny.' UNIT II The British and Sport I Think and say:
II Read and talk: 1 Read the words and their translation. Memorize them:
2 Read and translate word combinations: to take place, the biggest sporting events, a suburb of London, strawberries and cream, to look slow (game), to go on, a batsman, to hit with a bat, similar, to throw the ball through a net, a three meter post, enthusiastic,, owing to, in order to. 3. Read the text: Sport in Britain The British are a sporting nation. Like everyone else they love football - in fact, they invented it. Most British towns and cities have a football team. Every year, each team plays in the Football Association competition. The two best teams play in the Cup final at Wembley Stadium in London. It is one of the biggest sporting events of the year. Tennis is another popular game in Britain. Every summer, in June, the biggest international tennis tournament takes place at Wimbledon, a suburb of London. There are strawberries and cream for sale, and everyone hopes the rain will stay away. The British play many sports that are unknown in most other countries, for example: cricket, squash and netball. Cricket is a typically British sport which foreigners have difficulty in understanding. The game looks slow, but it can be exciting if you understand what's going on. There are two teams of eleven players: one man (“the bowler”) throw the ball, and the “batsman” hits it with his bat. Cricket is a very long game. Matches last from one to five days. Squash is another British invention. It is a form of tennis. There are two players and they use rackets similar to tennis rackets and a small, black rubber ball. They play indoors. It is a very fast and tiring sport! Netball is similar to basketball. There are seven players (usually girls or women) in each team and the object of the game is the same as in basketball: to throw the ball through a net at the top of a three-metre post. Swimming is very popular in Britain and there are many public swimming baths. Many British people who live near the sea, a lake or a river enjoy sailing. If you are really enthusiastic, you can take part in one of the annual sailing races or “regattas” as Cowes, near Portsmouth, for example, or at Henley on the river Thames. Golf is becoming increasingly popular. Athletic is growing all the time. Winter sports such as skiing are generally impossible in Britain (except Scotland) owing to the unsuitable climate, but more and more people spend winter holidays on the Continent in order to take part in them. Note:
4 Answer the questions:
III Check and improve your vocabulary skills:
IV It is interesting to know 1 Read the text about the country where many sports were invented and many game rules were written: The British and sport Britain does not often produce sportsmen or sportswomen who are successful in world sporting championships, but it has been good at inventing sports and writing the rules of games. Golf was first played in Scotland in the fifteen century and the most famous golf club, Saint Andrews in Scotland, is still the most respected authority on golf in the world. Cricket was first played in England in the sixteenth century and its rules were written in the eighteen century. Nineteenth-century team sports, such as football, rugby and hockey, were first played in British public schools. The rules for all of these games were written between 1870 and 1890.
Cricket is a popular summer sport in England. It is played much in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, but it is played in the Commonwealth countries of Australia, India, New Zealand, Pakistan and the West Indies. Every year there are Test Matches between all these countries. A Test Match can last for up to five days. Usually the Commonwealth countries play much better and faster cricket than England.
Rugby is a type of football. It is played with an oval ball and players can both kick or run with it. There are two types of rugby: in Rugby Union there are teams of 15 players, who are amateurs, and it is played by England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland (a joint team from both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland), France, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. There are regular matches between these countries. In Rugby League there are 13 players in a team, the players are all professionals and it is mostly played in the north of England and Australia. to pick up the ball - піднімати м'яч to kick - штовхнути ногою a joint team - об'єднана команда Fishing One of the most popular individual sports for men in Britain is fishing, also called angling. The most expensive type of fishing is for salmon and trout: these fish are only found in private rivers and lakes. Nearly 4 million anglers in Britain wait hours beside canals, rivers and lakes to catch a fish. Then they weigh it and normally throw it back into the water again. angling - рибна ловля salmon - лосось trout - форель angler - рибалка to catch the fish - ловити рибу to weigh - зважувати to throw back - викидати 3 Read the text how the British keep fit: Keeping fit There are 2000 sports centres in Britain: one for every town, large or small. They were built mostly in the 1980s to encourage the public to take part in sport. The number of people who take part in sport has risen, but not many people exercise more than once a month. The majority of people live in towns and cities, where space for team sports is limited. To keep fit, most people take part in individual sports. They usually go walking, swimming, cycling, or do aerobics. Taking part in all of these sports is informal and casual. Most people just want to relax. If they do aerobics or go swimming, they usually go to the sport centre, but not many people join a sports club. Although many British people are interested in staying healthy, not many people do very much about it. A recent survey proved that many people were not as active as they thought and incorrectly believed that they did enough exercise to stay healthy. Only 10 per cent of adults take part in sport more than twice a week.
V Practical grammar Comparison of adjectives Ступені порівняння прикметників Прикметники в англійській мові діляться на 4 групи: 1. Односкладові, короткі прикметники: long, short, black, fast, quiet, strong. 2. Двоскладові із закінченням -y: sunny, happy, windy, lucky, easy, heavy. 3. Трьохскладові, довгі прикметники: interesting, beautiful, wonderful, courageous, intermediate, average, intelligent. 4. Винятки - прикметники, які утворюють ступені порівняння не за правилами, а змінюючи основу:
Винятки треба запам'ятати. Односкладові прикметники Утворюють ступені порівняння за допомогою суфіксів -er; -est: small - smaller - the smallest; long - longer - the longest; fast - faster - the fastest; fat - fatter - the fattest. В найвищому ступені до прикметників додаємо означений артикль the: the best - найкращий; the strongest - найсильніший; the fastest - найшвидший; the highest найвищий. Directory: images -> docs images -> Creating Buy-In – Building Relationships images -> Deadline: Saturday, March 12th, 2016 images -> News items from Raising Our Voices images -> Last year four of the best Afrikaans Christian singers joined forces to tour Down Under with the production ‘Manne wat Glo’ docs -> World-renowned vocal ensemble sweet honey in the rock images -> Peoples Voice Café History docs -> Simon Mckeown Artist C. V. DaDaFest International Artist of the Year 2010 docs -> Selection Criteria docs -> Philadelphia Weekly “…Bunny Sigler proves himself as some sort of mad scientist songwriter, who mixes together ingredients of many genres and warps them into something unique that he can call his own.” –Muzik Reviews Download 294.83 Kb. Share with your friends:
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