October/November 2015 Teacher's Guide Table of Contents

Tooth Decay: A Delicate Balance

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Probiotics: Good Bacteria, Good Health

Tooth Decay: A Delicate Balance

Directions: Before reading, in the first column, write “A” or “D,” indicating your agreement or disagreement with each statement. As you read, compare your opinions with information from the article. In the space under each statement, cite information from the article that supports or refutes your original ideas.

Me	Text	Statement
		The enamel in the outer layer of your tooth is the hardest substance in your body.
		The mineral that makes up tooth enamel is made of sodium and carbonate ions.
		Your saliva contains buffers that resist a change in pH.
		When teeth are exposed to low pH for extended periods of time, an unstable equilibrium causes tooth decay.
		The pH in your mouth causes the pH in your body to change.
		In a chemical equilibrium, the concentration of molecules on both sides of the chemical equation are the same.
		Food increases the pH in your mouth.
		Carbon dioxide is involved in maintaining equilibrium in your mouth.
		Composite resins made of polymers are usually used to fill holes in tooth enamel.
		One drawback to using amalgams to fill teeth is that the hole drilled for the filling removes healthy tissue.

Probiotics: Good Bacteria, Good Health

Me	Text	Statement
		Probiotics are similar to bacteria that live naturally in your gut.
		There are fewer than 100 species of bacteria living inside you.
		The idea of adding probiotics to your diet is only about 30 years old.
		All probiotics are made from dairy products
		Very specific rules have been established by authorities in the United States for commercial probiotics.
		The chemical process of fermentation releases the energy that was stored in plants through photosynthesis.
		As much as 10% of the energy you need daily may come from fermentation inside your body.
		In a healthy person, there are about twice as many beneficial bacteria as harmful bacteria.
		Because of pasteurization, store-bought milk can’t be used to produce probiotics like sour milk.
		There is a nerve that goes from your abdomen to your brain.

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