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TAP Pipeline Disadvantage 1NC Shell (2/2)
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TAP Pipeline Disadvantage 1NC Shell (2/2)C) IMPACT 1) THE TAP IS KEY TO AFGHAN STABILITY AND TO SUPPRESS TERRORISM Central Asia-Caucasus Institute Analyst, India’s Continuing Quest for Central Asian Energy, 7/13/05 (http://www.cacianalyst.org/?q=node/3197) The potential strategic payoffs from this pipeline option do not end with enhanced possibilities for bilateral Indo-Pakistani cooperation. Indo-Pakistani rivalry for influence continues to this day in Afghanistan and was in the past a major factor in aggravating Afghanistan’s own internal weaknesses that led to a generation of upheaval and war after the coup of 1973, even before the Soviet invasion of 1979. To the extent that both India and Pakistan learn to cooperate with each other and accept mutual dependence on energy and water as a stable, non-provocative, and undisturbed fact of life, their broader geopolitical rivalry throughout South and Central Asia should also cool down. That trend offers significant payoffs to Afghanistan as well for President Karzai recently again criticized Pakistan for not doing enough to suppress terrorists inside its borders or to refrain from providing assistance to Taliban forces in the Pakistani-Afghanistan border regions. Construction of the TAP line or of any pipeline through Afghanistan to Pakistan and India strengthens Afghanistan’s hand vis-à-vis Pakistan and raises the potential cost to Pakistan of continuing to flirt with elements who wish to spread terror throughout Central Asia. 2) TERRORISM CAUSES EXTINCTION Alexander-Professor at the Inter-University for Terrorism Studies in Israel and the United States- 2003 (Yonah, “Terrorism myths and realities”, Washington Times, 8/28/1903, p. http://www.washingtontimes.com/commentary/19030827-084256-8999r.htm) Last week's brutal suicide bombings in Baghdad and Jerusalem have once again illustrated dramatically that the international community failed, thus far at least, to understand the magnitude and implications of the terrorist threats to the very survival of civilization itself. Even the United States and Israel have for decades tended to regard terrorism as a mere tactical nuisance or irritant rather than a critical strategic challenge to their national security concerns. It is not surprising, therefore, that on September 11, 2001, Americans were stunned by the unprecedented tragedy of 19 al Qaeda terrorists striking a devastating blow at the center of the nation's commercial and military powers. Likewise, Israel and its citizens, despite the collapse of the Oslo Agreements of 1993 and numerous acts of terrorism triggered by the second intifada that began almost three years ago, are still "shocked" by each suicide attack at a time of intensive diplomatic efforts to revive the moribund peace process through the now revoked cease-fire arrangements (hudna). Why are the United States and Israel, as well as scores of other countries affected by the universal nightmare of modern terrorism surprised by new terrorist "surprises"? There are many reasons, including misunderstanding of the manifold specific factors that contribute to terrorism's expansion, such as lack of a universal definition of terrorism, the religionization of politics, double standards of morality, weak punishment of terrorists, and the exploitation of the media by terrorist propaganda and psychological warfare. Unlike their historical counterparts, contemporary terrorists have introduced a new scale of violence in terms of conventional and unconventional threats and impact. The internationalization and brutalization of current and future terrorism make it clear we have entered an Age of Super Terrorism (e.g. biological, chemical, radregional and global security concerns. UNIQUENESSTHE TAP PIPELINE IS GOING TO BE BUILT NOW Payvand, Energy: Turkmen, Iranian Presidents Move Ahead With Rival Pipelines, 4/28/08 (http://www.payvand.com/news/08/apr/1293.html) Berdymukhammedov spoke about TAP with Afghan President Hamid Karzai on the first-ever visit by a Turkmen president to Kabul in independent Turkmenistan's 17-year history. The two countries signed deals on energy, transport, and culture. The meeting came just days after representatives from their countries, along with Pakistan and India, signed an agreement to start construction of the pipeline in 2010, with operations slated to begin in 2015. THE TAP PIPELINE IS SCHEDULED TO BE FINISHED BY 2015 CURRENTLY The Hindu Bussiness Line, Will gas OPEC have final say on pipeline plans?, 5/16/08 Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan and India recently signed a framework agreement to build a Trans-Afghan Pipeline (TAP) by 2015. TAP PIPELINE POPULAR AND GOING TO HAPPEN NOW indiaserver.com, India To Join Turkmenistan Pipeline Project, 4/23/08 (http://www.india-server.com/news/india-to-join-turkmenistan-pipeline-478.html) In order to meet its energy requirements, India has finally decided to join the Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India (TAPI) gas pipeline project. Petroleum and Natural Gas Minister of India, Murli Deora, before leaving for Pakistan on Tuesday afternoon, told reporters that the Indian delegation was going to the neighboring country to sign the agreement for the TAPI pipeline at the invitation of the Asian Development Bank. THE TAP PIPELINE IS POPULAR AND READY TO BE BUILT NOW indiaserver.com, India To Join Turkmenistan Pipeline Project, 4/23/08 (http://www.india-server.com/news/india-to-join-turkmenistan-pipeline-478.html) The US is encouraging India and Pakistan to import gas from Turkmenistan, as the American nation is against the Iran-Pakistan-India gas pipeline project. US believes that Iran will use the revenue generated from the supply of gas for its nuclear programme in the country. The TAPI gas pipeline will begin from the Dauletabad gas field of Turkmenistan and will finally end at the Indian town of Fazilka, reaching here via Afghanistan and Pakistan. UNIQUENESSTAP PIPELINE ABOUT TO BEGIN CONSTRUCTION NOW, AND IS POPULAR Reuters, India joins Pakistan in Turkmenistan pipeline project, 4/24/08 (http://in.reuters.com/article/topNews/idINIndia-33223120080424) India signed up on Thursday to join a multi-billion dollar Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan gas pipeline project, to secure another source of energy for its fast growing economy. Indian Oil Minister Murli Deora and counterparts from Pakistan, Turkmenistan and Afghanistan signed a framework agreement for the $7.6 billion pipeline, that they aim to start building in 2010. The idea of piping gas from Turkmenistan to south Asia has been little more than a dream for years because of the turmoil in Afghanistan, but the ministers said they were determined to complete the project. |