Personal Research Database

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 717.pdf

Abstract: Two types of chitosan-coated cotton fibers (SCCH and RCCH) were applied to remove and recover Hg(II) ions in aqueous solution. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of the two fibers for Hg(II) were investigated at different temperatures. The results revealed that the adsorption kinetic processes of SCCH and RCCH fibers for Hg(II) followed the pseudo second-order model at lower temperatures and the pseudo first-order model at higher temperatures. Both the Langmuir and Freundlich models well described the adsorption isotherms of SCCH and RCCH fibers for Hg(II) in the temperature range studied. SCCH and RCCH fibers selectively adsorbed Hg(II) from binary ion systems in the presence of Pb(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Mn(II) and Ag(I). Increased temperature was beneficial to adsorption. The recovery of Hg(II) from aqueous solutions was also studied as a function of sample flow rate and volume, concentration and volume of eluent, elution rate, quantity of adsorbents added and concomitant ions. The results showed that the two fibers efficiently enriched and recovered Hg(II) in the presence of alkali and alkaline earth metals and some heavy metals under optimum conditions. The RCCH fiber exhibited better stability than the SCCH fiber following repeated use. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorbent, Adsorbents, Adsorption, Adsorption Isotherms, Adsorption Kinetic, Adsorption Kinetics, Adsorption Kinetics and Isotherms, Adsorption Selectivity, Aqueous Solution, Aqueous Solutions, Cd(II), Chelating Resin, Chitosan-Coated Cotton Fiber, Co(II), Concentration, Cu(II), Dye Adsorption, Elution, Equilibrium, Fibers, First Order, First-Order Model, Flow, Flow Rate, Freundlich, Function, Heavy Metals, Hg(II), Hg(II) Ions, Hg(II) Removal, Ions, Isotherms, Kinetic, Kinetics, Langmuir, Mercury, Metal-Ions, Metals, Model, Models, Ni(II), Nonporous Glass-Beads, Pb(II), Pseudo First Order, Pseudo First-Order, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo Second-Order, Pseudo-First-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Recovery, Removal, Rights, Second Order, Second-Order, Second-Order Model, Solution, Solutions, Sorbents, Sorption, Stability, Systems, Temperature, Volume, Zn(II)

? Fonseca, B., Teixeira, A., Figueiredo, H. and Tavares, T. (2009), Modelling of the Cr(VI) transport in typical soils of the North of Portugal. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 756-762.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 756.pdf

Abstract: Adsorption of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] onto a loamy sand soil was studied using batch and steady flow tests with contaminant solutions at pH 2, 5 and 7. In all the cases the adsorption of Cr(VI) decreased with increasing pH. The hexavalent chromium speciation and its presence as different oxyanions, according to the solution pH, were the main variables affecting the adsorption process. The influence of the ratio soil/solution concentration was also studied in flow systems at pH 2. Chromium retention increased with the increasing of its concentration in the influent solution. A two-site adsorption model was fitted to the breakthrough curves of hexavalent chromium solutions in order to estimate the Freundlich (k(F)) and Langmuir (S-max) adsorption parameters, using CXTFIT code. These values were compared to those determined by batch tests and it was concluded that batch tests tended to underestimate these parameters. Nevertheless, they followed the same trend as the parameters determined in opened system, even when the pH of the initial solution was modified. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Acid, Adsorption, Batch, Batch Tests, Biosorption, Breakthrough, Breakthrough Curves, Chromium, Chromium Adsorption, Competitive Sorption, Concentration, Contaminant, Convection-Dispersion, Cr(VI), Equilibrium, Flow, Freundlich, FTIR Spectroscopy, Heavy-Metal, Hexavalent Chromium, Ions, Langmuir, Model, Modelling, Modified, North, pH, Portugal, Reactivity, Retention, Rights, Sand, Soil, Soils, Solution, Solutions, Speciation, Systems, Transport, Trend

? Vijayaraghavan, K., Won, S.W. and Yun, Y.S. (2009), Treatment of complex Remazol dye effluent using sawdust- and coal-based activated carbons. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 790-796.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 790.pdf

Abstract: A complex Remazol dye effluent, comprised of four reactive dyes and auxiliary chemicals, was decolorized using SPS-200 (sawdust-based) and SPC-100 (coal-based) activated carbons. A detailed characterization revealed that the pore diameter of the activated carbon played an important role in dye adsorption. The solution pH had no significant effect on the adsorption capacity in the pH range of 2-10.7. According to the Langmuir model, the maximum uptakes of SPS-200 were 415.4, 510.3, 368.5 and 453.0 mg g^-1 for Reactive Black 5 (RB5), Reactive Orange 16 (RO16), Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) and Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R (RBV), respectively. Conversely, those of SPC-100 were slightly lower, at 150.8, 197.4, 178.3 and 201.1 mg g^-1 for RB5, RO16, RBBR and RBV, respectively. In the case of Remazol effluent, SPS-200 exhibited a decolorization efficiency of 100% under unadjusted pH conditions at 10.7, compared to that of 52% for SPC-100. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Activated Carbons, Adsorption, Adsorption, Adsorption Capacity, Capacity, Carbon, Characterization, Chemicals, Copper, Decolorization, Dye, Dye Adsorption, Dyes, Efficiency, Equilibrium Isotherm, Kinetics, Langmuir, Langmuir Model, Model, pH, Reactive Black 5, Reactive Dyes, Reactive Dyes, Remazol Brilliant Blue, Rights, Role, Sawdust, Separation, Single, Solution, Sorption, Systems, Textile Effluent, Treatment, Wastewater Treatment

? Mandal, S. and Mayadevi, S. (2009), Defluoridation of water using as-synthesized Zn/Al/Cl anionic clay adsorbent: Equilibrium and regeneration studies. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 873-878.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 873.pdf

Abstract: Zn/Al/Cl anionic clay has been synthesized by co-precipitation method and applied for adsorption of fluoride in aqueous medium. Equilibrium adsorption data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Generalized isotherm equations. Thermodynamic parameters like G and H values show the feasibility and exothermic nature of the adsorption process. Influence of solution pH and presence of other anions on fluoride adsorption by the clay has also been studied. Presence of carbonate in water was found to have an adverse effect on fluoride adsorption by the clay. pH(pzc) of the clay has been found to be 8.97. A two-step 1st order kinetic model was used to explain the fluoride adsorption kinetics of the as-synthesized clay. It was possible to regenerate the adsorbent with an aqueous solution of 0.01 M NaOH and the effect of regeneration on fluoride adsorption was reported up to five regeneration cycles. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorbent, Adsorption, Adsorption, Adsorption Kinetics, Al, Anionic Clay, Anions, Aqueous Medium, Aqueous Solution, Aqueous-Solution, Carbonate, Clay, Coprecipitation, Data, Defluoridation, Drinking-Water, Equilibrium, Exothermic, Feasibility, Fluoride, Fluoride Adsorption, Fluoride Removal, Freundlich, Ions, Isotherm, Isotherm Equations, Kinetic, Kinetic Model, Kinetics, Kinetics, Langmuir, Layered Double Hydroxides, Model, NaOH, pH, pH_pzc, Regeneration, Rights, Solution, Sorption, Thermodynamic, Thermodynamic Parameters, Water

? Dizge, N., Keskinler, B. and Barlas, H. (2009), Sorption of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution by Lewatit cation-exchange resin. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 915-926.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 915.pdf

Abstract: Ion-exchange is an alternative process for uptake of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. In the present study, the sorption of nickel(II) ions from aqueous solution was investigated by using Lewatit MonoPlus SP 112 (strongly acidic, macroporous cation-exchange resin) in a batch adsorption system as a function of pH (2.0-8.0), initial nickel concentration (50-200 mg/L), resin dosage (0.5-2.0 g/L), contact time (0.5-3h), and temperatures (298-318K). The data were analyzed on the basis of Lagergren pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order (Types 1-5), Elovich and external, Weber-Morris intraparticle, pore-surface mass diffusion models. The experimental data showed that the maximum pH for efficient sorption of nickel(II) was 6.0. At the optimal conditions, nickel(II) ions sorption on the resin was decreased when the initial metal concentration increased. The results indicated that the resin dosage strongly affected the amount of nickel(II) ions removed from aqueous solution. The adsorption process was very fast due to 80% of nickel(II) sorption was occurred within 30 min and equilibrium was reached at about 90 min, Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models were used for sorption equilibrium data and the maximum adsorption capacity (171 mg/g) of Lewatit MonoPlus SP 112 was obtained from Langmuir isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters (Delta G degrees, free energy change; Delta S degrees, enthalpy change; and Delta H degrees, entropy change) for sorption of nickel(II) ions were evaluated. The rise in temperature caused a partly increase in the value of the equilibrium constant (K-c) for the sorption of nickel(II) ions. Moreover, column flow adsorption study was also studied. Breakthrough curves were obtained from column flow studies by using both synthetic solution and rinsing bath water of filter industry. The column regeneration was carried out for two sorption-desorption cycles. The eluant used for regeneration of the cation-exchange resin was 7% (w/w) HCl. The experimental results demonstrated that Lewatit MonoPlus SP 112 cation-exchange resin could be used effectively for the removal of nickel(II) ions from aqueous medium. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Adsorption, Adsorption Capacity, Adsorption Isotherm, Adsorption Isotherm Models, Adsorptive Removal, Alternative, Amberlite Ir-120, Aqueous Medium, Aqueous Solution, Aqueous Solutions, Batch, Batch Adsorption, Biosorption, Capacity, Cation Exchange, Cation-Exchange Resin, Chelating Resins, Column, Column Regeneration, Concentration, Data, Diffusion, Elovich, Energy, Enthalpy, Entropy, Equilibrium, Experimental, Flow, Fly-Ash, Freundlich, Function, Heavy Metals, Heavy-Metals, Ion Exchange, Ion-Exchange, Ions, Isotherm, Langmuir, Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm, Langmuir Isotherm, Lewatit monoplus sp 112, Macroporous, Metal, Metals, Methylene-Blue, Models, Ni(II), Ni(II) Ions, Nickel, Nickel, Nickel(II), pH, Pseudo First Order, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo-First Order, Pseudo-First-Order, Pseudo-Second Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Regeneration, Removal, Resin, Rights, Solution, Solutions, Sorption, Sorption-Desorption, Temperature, Thermodynamic, Thermodynamic Parameters, Uptake, Value, Waste-Water, Water

? Balasubramanian, N., Kojima, T., Basha, C.A. and Srinivasakannan, C. (2009), Removal of arsenic from aqueous solution using electrocoagulation. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 966-969.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 966.pdf

Abstract: Removal of arsenic from aqueous solution was carried out using electrocoagulation. Experiments were conducted using mild steel sacrificial anode covering wide range in operating conditions to assess the removal efficiency. The maximum arsenic removal efficiency was recorded as 94% under optimum condition. The electrocoagulation mechanism of arsenic removal has been developed to understand the effect of applied charge and electrolyte pH on arsenic removal efficiency. Further the experimental data were tested with different adsorption isotherm model to describe the electrocoagulation process. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorption Isotherm, Arsenic, Arsenic Removal, Drinking-Water, Electrocoagulation, Experimental, Isotherm, Mechanism, Model, pH, Pseudo First Order Kinetics, Removal, Wastewaters

? Liu, Z.G. and Zhang, F.S. (2009), Removal of lead from water using biochars prepared from hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 933-939.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 933.pdf

Abstract: Hydrothermal conversion of biomass into biofuel could produce a special type of biochar as byproduct. This biochar is quite different from biochar derived from high temperature pyrolysis. In the present study, two biochars, prepared from hydrothermal liquefaction of pinewood (P300) and rice husk (R300), were characterized and investigated for lead removal from aqueous solution. The results indicated that the biochars contained a large amount of oxygen-containing groups on the surface, which were quite effective for lead removal with capacities of 4.25 and 2.40 mg/g for P300 and R300, respectively. The adsorption equilibrium was achieved around 5 h, Higher temperature favored the removal capacity implying that the adsorption was an endothermic process. The adsorption data at optimum solution pH 5 could be well described by Langmuir model and the adsorption process was well fitted by pseudo-second-order model. Moreover, it was found that the adsorption was mainly controlled by film diffusion. Thermodynamics analysis suggested that lead adsorption onto the biochars was physical endothermic process. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Carbons, Adsorption, Adsorption Equilibrium, Adsorption Isotherm, Adsorption Kinetic, Analysis, Aqueous Solution, Biofuel, Biomass, Capacity, Data, Diffusion, Endothermic, Equilibrium, Film Diffusion, Heavy Metal, Heavy-Metal Ions, Langmuir, Langmuir Model, Lead, Lead Removal, Model, P300, pH, Physical, Products, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order Model, Pyrolysis, Removal, Rice, Rice Husk, Rice-Husk, Rights, Sawdust, Solution, Sorption, Surface, Temperature, Thermodynamics, Waste-Water, Water, Wood

? Şengil, İ.A., Kulaç, S. and Özacar, M. (2009), Treatment of tannery liming drum wastewater by electrocoagulation. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 940-946.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 940.pdf

Abstract: The removal of COD, suphide and oil-grease from tannery liming drum wastewater was experimentally investigated using direct current (DC) electrocoagulation (EC). In the EC of the wastewater, the effects of initial pH, electrolysis time and current density were examined. The COD, sulphide and oil-grease in the aqueous phase were effectively removed when mild steel electrodes were used as sacrificial anode. The optimum operating range for each operating variable was experimentally determined. The experimental results show that COD, sulphide and oil-grease was removed effectively. The overall COD, sulphide and oil-grease removal efficiencies reached 82%, 90% and 96%, respectively. The optimum current density for removal of COD, sulphide and oil-grease in the tannery liming drum wastewater were 35 mA, cm², 35 mA, cm² and 3.5 mA, cm² at 10 min electrolysis time and pH 3, respectively. Mean energy consumptions were 5.768 kWh, m³ of COD, 0.524 kWh, m³ of sulphide and 0.00015 kWh, m³ of oil-grease. Results show that the pseudo-second-order rate equation provides the best correlation for the removal rate of the parameters. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Anaerobic-Digestion, Aqueous-Solution, Coagulation, Electrocoagulation, Liming Drum Wastewater, Mild Steel Electrodes, Mild-Steel Electrodes, Operational Parameters, Orange-II, Pseudo Second Order, Removal, Sacrificial Iron Electrodes, Sequencing Batch Reactor, Soak Liquor, Tannery Wastewater, Wastewater

? Pehlivan, E., Özkan, A.M., Dinç, Ş. and Parlayici, S. (2009), Adsorption of Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺ ion on dolomite powder. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 1044-1049.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 1044.pdf

Abstract: Natural Turkish dolomite was shown to be effective for removing Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺ from aqueous solution. Selected information on pH, dose required, initial metal concentration, adsorption capacity of the raw dolomite powder was evaluated for its efficiency in adsorbing metal ions. Dolomite exhibited good Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺ removal levels at all initial metal amount tested (0.04-0.32 mmol, 20 mL). It is important to note that the adsorption capacities of the materials in equilibrium vary, depending on the characteristics of the individual adsorbent, the initial concentration of the adsorbate and pH of the solution. One hour was enough for the removal of metal ions from (0.2 mmol in 20 mL) aqueous solution. Effective removal of metal ions was demonstrated at pH values of 5.0. The adsorptive behavior of dolomite was described by fitting data generated from the study of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption capacity of dolomite was found as 8.26 mg for Cu²⁺ and 21.74 mg for Pb²⁺, respectively, from the calculation of adsorption isotherm equation. More than 85% of studied cations were removed by dolomite from aqueous solution in single step. The mechanism for cations removal by dolomite includes surface complexation and ion exchange. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorbent, Adsorption, Adsorption Capacity, Adsorption Isotherm, Aqueous, Aqueous-Solutions, Capacity, Chromium(III), Complexation, Cu²⁺, Dolomite, Elsevier, Equilibrium, Exchange, Freundlich, Freundlich Isotherm, Heavy-Metals, Ion Exchange, Isotherm, Langmuir, Low-Cost Material, Mechanism, Metal, Metal Ion, Metal Ions, Models, Pb²⁺, pH, Remediation, Removal, Sorbents, Sorption, Sorption Isotherms, Waste-Water

? Zhang, C.P., Gu, P., Zhao, J., Zhang, D. and Deng, Y. (2009), Research on the treatment of liquid waste containing cesium by an adsorption-microfiltration process with potassium zinc hexacyanoferrate. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 1057-1062.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 1057.pdf

Abstract: The removal of cesium from an aqueous solution by an adsorption-microfiltration (AMF) process was investigated in jar tests and lab-scale tests. The adsorbent was K₂Zn₃ [Fe(CN)₆]₂. The obtained cesium data in the jar test fit a Freundlich-type isotherm well. In the lab-scale test, the mean cesium concentration of the raw water and the effluent were 106.87 mu g/L and 0.59 mu g/L, respectively, the mean removal of cesium was 99.44%, and the mean decontamination factors (DF) and concentration factors (CF) were 208 and 539, respectively. The removal of cesium in the lab-scale test was better than that in the jar test because the old adsorbents remaining in the reactor still had adsorption capacity with the premise of no significant desorption being observed, and the continuous renewal of the adsorbent surface improved the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. Some of the suspended solids were deposited on the bottom of the reactor, which would affect the mixing of adsorbents with the raw water and the renewing of the adsorbent surface. Membrane fouling was the main physical fouling mechanism, and the cake layer was the main filtration resistance. Specific flux (SF) decreased step by step during the whole period of operation due to membrane fouling and concentration polarization. The quality of the effluent was good and the turbidity remained lower than 0.1 NTU, and the toxic anion, CN^-, could not be detected because of its low concentration, this indicated that the effluent was safe. The AMF process was feasible for practical application in the treatment of liquid waste containing cesium. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorption Capacity, Adsorption Isotherm, Adsorption-Microfiltration, Aqueous, Capacity, Cesium, Concentration Polarization, Desorption, Elsevier, Isotherm, Level Radioactive-Waste, Mechanism, Membrane, Potassium Zinc Hexacyanoferrate, Removal, Research, Sorption, Treatment, Water

? Díaz-Nava, C., Olguín, M.T., Solache-Ríos, M., Alarcón-Herrera, M.T. and guilar-Elguezabal, A. (2009), Phenol sorption on surfactant-modified Mexican zeolitic-rich tuff in batch and continuous systems. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 1063-1069.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 1063.pdf

Abstract: Surfactant modified clinoptilolite-rich tuff was used for the removal of phenol from aqueous solutions. The zeolitic rock from Oaxaca (Mexico) was treated with sodium chloride and then modified with hexade-cyltrimethylammonium chloride or bencylcetildimethylammonium chloride in different experimental conditions. Phenol sorption isotherms and column experiments were performed; in both cases, phenol was determined in the aqueous solutions by UV-vis spectroscopy. The results showed that the sorption of phenol depends on the quantities of surfactant in the zeolitic rocks, the kind of surfactant, modification conditions and pH of the solutions. When the initial concentration of phenol increased, the adsorption of phenol in the surfactant-modified zeolite increased and the experimental data was best adjusted to the Langmuir model. The saturation of the columns rapidly reached high percentages. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: 4-Chlorophenol, Activated Carbon, Adsorption, Aqueous Solutions, Aqueous-Solutions, Batch, Chloride, Clinoptilolite, Column, Column Experiments, Concentration, Data, Equilibrium, Experimental, Experiments, Fixed-Bed, Hexadecyltrimethylammonium, Isotherm, Isotherms, Langmuir, Langmuir Model, Mexico, Model, Modification, Modified, Montmorillonite, pH, Phenol, Removal, Rights, Saturation, SMZ, Sodium, Sodium Chloride, Solutions, Sorption, Sorption Isotherms, Spectroscopy, Surfactant, Systems, Waste-Water, Zeolite, Zeolitic-Rich Tuffs

? Khattri, S.D. and Singh, M.K. (2009), Removal of Malachite Green from dye wastewater using Neem sawdust by adsorption. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 1089-1094.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 1089.pdf

Abstract: Neem sawdust (Azadirachta indica) was used as an adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from an aqueous solution. The studies were carried out under various experimental conditions such as agitation time, dye concentration, adsorption dose, pH and temperature to assess the potentiality of neem sawdust for the removal of malachite green dye from wastewater. A greater percentage of dye removal was observed with decrease in the initial concentration of dye and increase in amount of adsorbent. The adsorption of dye on neem sawdust was found to follow a gradual process. Equilibrium isotherms were analysed by the Langmuir models of adsorption and were applicable with maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 4.354 mg g^-1. The dimensionless factor, R-L of the malachite green, neem sawdust isotherm revealed that the adsorption process is favourable in nature. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorbent, Adsorption, Adsorption Capacity, Aqueous-Solution, Azadirachta Indica, Basic-Dyes, Color Removal, Dye Removal, Isotherm, Isotherms, Kinetic Study, Malachite Green, Malachite Green Dye, Methylene-Blue, Natural Adsorbent, Neem Sawdust, Organic-Dyes, Silica, Surface, Technologies, Textile Effluent

? Zhou, L.C., Li, Y.F., Bai, X. and Zhao, G.H. (2009), Use of microorganisms immobilized on composite polyurethane foam to remove Cu(II) from aqueous solution. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 1106-1113.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 1106.pdf

Abstract: Composite polyurethane (PU) foams were made via the polymerization of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and polyether polyol with activated carbon fiber, and immobilized microorganisms on polyurethane (IPU) foam were prepared by cultivating the microbe B350 in a mixture of culture medium and PU. We used batch adsorption techniques to study the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions via PU and IPU. Moreover, the effects of pH, temperature, carrier amount, and biosorption time on the removal rate of Cu(II), adsorption equilibrium, and adsorption kinetics were investigated in detail. The IPU showed an excellent removal rate for Cu(II). The adsorption kinetics data were in good agreement with the pseudo-second-order rate model, and the adsorption isotherms could be adequately described by the Langmuir equation. For synthetic wastewater containing Cu(II), the removal rates for Cu(II) and COD after 4h treatment were 85% and 80%, respectively. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Activated Carbon Fiber, Adsorption, Adsorption Equilibrium, Adsorption Isotherms, Adsorption Kinetics, Algae, Alginate, Aqueous Solution, Aqueous Solutions, Batch, Batch Adsorption, Biomass, Biosorption, Carbon, Cod, Composite, Copper Removal, Cu(II), Cu(II) Ions, Culture, Data, Equilibrium, Foam, Heavy-Metal Removal, Immobilization, Immobilized, Ions, Isotherms, Kinetics, Langmuir, Langmuir Equation, Microorganisms, Model, pH, Polymerization, Polyol, Polyurethane, Polyurethane Foam, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order Rate, PU, Rates, Removal, Rights, Saccharomyces-cerevisiae, Solution, Solutions, Techniques, Temperature, Toluene, Treatment, Waste-Water Treatment, Wastewater, Wastewater Treatment

? Zhao, L., Ma, J., Sun, Z.Z. and Liu, H.L. (2009), Influencing mechanism of temperature on the degradation of nitrobenzene in aqueous solution by ceramic honeycomb catalytic ozonation. Journal of Hazardous Materials,