Personal Research Database

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 1119.pdf

Abstract: The heterogeneous catalytic ozonation of nitrobenzene in aqueous solution has been carried out at different reaction temperatures in a semi-continuous batch reactor where ceramic honeycomb has been used as a catalyst. The experimental results indicated that the presence of ceramic honeycomb catalyst significantly improved the degradation efficiency of nitrobenzene compared to the results from non-catalytic ozonation, and the adsorption of nitrobenzene on the catalytic surface has no significant effect on its degradation efficiency. The degradation of nitrobenzene followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model in both the processes of ozone alone and ozone, ceramic honeycomb. With the increase of reaction temperature from 278 K to 328 K, the degradation efficiency of nitrobenzene, the reaction rate constants, the utilization efficiency of ozone, the formation of hydroxyl radicals ((center dot)OH) and the removal of total organic carbon (TOC) all increased in the process of ozone, ceramic honeycomb. The enhancement of reaction rate constant and the enhancement of (center dot)OH formation exhibited a good correlation in the reaction temperature scope of 278-328 K. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Adsorption, Catalytic Ozonation, Ceramic Honeycomb, Drinking-Water, Efficiency, Experimental, Hydroxyl Radical ((Center Dot)OH), Iron, Kinetic, Kinetic Model, Kinetics, Manganese, Mechanism, Model, Nitrobenzene, Oxalic-Acid, Oxidation, Ozonation, Ozone, Pseudo-First-Order, Rate Constant, Removal, Temperature, TOC, Utilization, Water-Treatment

? Prasad, G.K., Singh, B., Ganesan, K., Batra, A., Kumeria, T., Gutch, P.K. and Vijayaraghavan, R. (2009), Modified titania nanotubes for decontamination of sulphur mustard. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 1192-1197.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 1192.pdf

Abstract: Modified titania nanotubes have been studied as powder decontaminants against sulphur mustard (HD), a deadliest chemical warfare agent. Decontamination reactions were carried out at room temperature (30 +, - 2 degrees C) and monitored by gas chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry techniques. Reactions displayed first order kinetics. HD underwent accelerated hydrolysis on Ag(+)-titania nanotubes when compared to Cu(2+), Ni(2+), Co(2+), Mn(2+) and Ru(3+)-titania nanotubes depicting catalysis. Thiodiglycol, 1,4-oxathiane were observed to be major products formed except on Ru(3+)-titania nanotubes. Sulphur mustard sulphoxide formed on Ru(3+)-titania nanotubes indicating oxidative decontamination of HD. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: Adsorption, Chemical Warfare Agents, Cu(2+), Decontamination, First Order, Gd, Hd, Ion Exchange, Kinetics, Mass Spectrometry, Nanosheets, Ni(2+), Oxide, Sorbents, Spectrometry, Sulfide, Sulphur Mustard, Titania Nanotubes, Unique Surface-Chemistry, VX

? Pehlivan, E., Altuna, T., Cetin, S. and Bhanger, M.I. (2009), Lead sorption by waste biomass of hazelnut and almond shell. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 1203-1208.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 1203.pdf

Abstract: The potential to remove Pb²⁺ ion from aqueous solutions using the shells of hazelnut (HNS) (Corylus avellana) and almond (AS) (Prunus dulcis) through biosorption was investigated in batch experiments. The main parameters influencing Pb²⁺ ion sorption on HNS and AS were: initial metal ion concentration. amount of adsorbent, contact time and pH value of solution. The influences of initial Pb²⁺ ion concentration (0.1-1.0 mM), pH (2-9), contact time (10-240 min) and adsorbent amount (0.1-1.0 g) have been investigated. Equilibrium isotherms have been measured and modelled. Adsorption of Pb²⁺ ions was in all cases pH-dependent showing a maximum at equilibrium pH values between 6.0 and 7.0, depending on the biomaterial, that corresponded to equilibrium pH values of 6.0 for HNS and 7.0 for AS. The equilibrium sorption capacities of HNS and AS were 28.18 and 8.08 mg, g for lead, respectively after equilibrium time of 2h. The adsorption data fit well with the Langmuir isotherm model and the experimental result inferred that adsorption, chelation and ion exchange are major adsorption mechanisms for binding Pb²⁺ ion to the sorbents. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Adsorbent, Adsorption, Adsorption Mechanisms, Almond, Aqueous Solutions, Aqueous-Solutions, Batch, Batch Experiments, Binding, Biomass, Biosorption, Cadmium, Chelation, Concentration, Copper, Data, Equilibrium, Equilibrium Isotherms, Experimental, Experiments, Hazelnut, Heavy-Metal Biosorption, Husk, Ion Exchange, Ion-Exchange, Ions, Isotherm, Isotherm Model, Isotherms, Langmuir, Langmuir Isotherm, Langmuir Isotherm Model, Lead, Lead Ion, Mechanisms, Metal, Model, Pb²⁺, pH, pH Value, pH-Dependent, Potential, Removal, Rights, Shell, Solution, Solutions, Sorbents, Sorption, Toxic Metals, Value, Waste, Waste Biomass

? Osifo, P.O., Neomagus, H.W.J.P., Everson, R.C., Webster, A. and Gun, M.A.V. (2009), The adsorption of copper in a packed-bed of chitosan beads: Modeling, multiple adsorption and regeneration. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167 (1-3), 1242-1245.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat167, 1242.pdf

Abstract: In this study, exoskeletons of Cape rock lobsters were used as raw material in the preparation of chitin that was successively deacetylated to chitosan flakes. The chitosan flakes were modified into chitosan beads and the beads were cross-linked with glutaraldehyde in order to study copper adsorption and regeneration in a packed-bed column. Five consecutive adsorption and desorption cycles were carried out and a chitosan mass loss of 25% was observed, after the last cycle. Despite the loss of chitosan material, an improved efficiency in the second and third cycles was observed with the adsorbent utilizing 97 and 74% of its adsorbent capacity in the second and third cycles, respectively. The fourth and fifth cycles, however, showed a decreased efficiency, and breakage of the beads was observed after the fifth cycle. In the desorption experiments, 91-99% of the adsorbed copper was regenerated in the first three cycles. It was also observed that the copper can be regenerated at a concentration of about a thousand fold the initial concentration. The first cycle of adsorption could be accurately described with a shrinking core particle model combined with a plug flow column model. The input parameters for this model were determined by batch characterization methods, with as only fitting parameter, the effective diffusion coefficient of copper in the bead. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorbents, Adsorption, Adsorption Column, Aqueous-Solution, Bead, Biosorption, Capacity, Chitin, Chitosan, Chitosan Beads, Column Regeneration, Copper, Copper Adsorption, Core, Cross-Linked Chitosan Beads, Desorption, Diffusion, Elsevier, Heavy-Metals, Ions, Mercury(II), Modeling, Regeneration, Removal, Sorption, Water

? Liu, Y., Sun, C.B., Xu, J. and Li, Y.Z. (2009), The use of raw and acid-pretreated bivalve mollusk shells to remove metals from aqueous solutions. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 168 (1), 156-162.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat168, 156.pdf

Abstract: Heavy metal removal from industrial wastewater is not only to protect living organisms in the environment but also to conserve resources such as metals and water by enabling their reuse. To overcome the disadvantage of high cost and secondary pollution by the conventional physico-chemical treatment techniques, environmentally benign and low-cost adsorbents are in demand. In this study, the use of raw and acid-pretreated bivalve mollusk shells (BMSs) to remove metals from aqueous solutions with single or mixed metal was evaluated at different BMSs doses, pH and temperatures in batch shaking experiments in laboratory conditions. When the BMSs were used to treat CuSO₄ center dot 5H₂O solution, the copper sorption capacities of the raw and acid-pretreated BMSs were approximately 38.93 mg/g and 138.95 mg/g, respectively. The copper removal efficiency (CRE) of the raw BMSs became greatly enhanced with increasing initial pH. reaching 99.51% at the initial pH 5. Conversely, the CRE of the acid-pretreated BMSs was maintained at 99.48-99.52% throughout the pH range of 1-5. Furthermore, the CRE values of the raw and acid-pretreated BMSs were not greatly changed when the temperature was varied from 15°C to 40°C. In addition, the CRE value of the raw BMSs was maintained for 12 cycles of sorption-desorption with a CRE of 98.4% being observed in the final cycle. Finally, when the BMSs were used to treat electroplating wastewater. the removal efficiencies (REs) of the raw BMSs were 99.97%, 98.99% and 87% for Fe, Zn and Cu, respectively, whereas the REs of the acid-pretreated BMSs were 99.98%, 99.43% and 92.13%, respectively. Ion exchange experiments revealed that one of mechanisms for metal sorption by the BMSs from aqueous solution is related to ion exchange, especially between the metal ions in the treated solution and Ca²⁺ from BMSs. Infrared absorbance spectra analysis indicated that the acid pretreatment led to occurrence of the groups (i.e. -OH, -NH, C=O and S=O) of negative charge in treated BMSs. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that acid pretreatment enabled the used BMSs to form the flake-shaped structure with smooth surfaces that can supply a better interface for binding metal ions. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: Aqueous, Biosorption, Bivalve Mollusk Shell, Components, Copper, Cu, Effluents, Electroplating Wastewater, Elsevier, Groups, Heavy Metal, Heavy Metal Removal, Heavy-Metals, Ion Exchange, Lead Ions, Low-Cost Adsorbents, Mechanisms, Metal, Metal Ions, Metals, pH, Removal, Saccharomyces-Cerevisiae, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Solutions, Sorption, Temperature, Treatment, Wastewater, Water, Yeast Biomass

? Peng, X.J., Wang, J., Fan, B. and Luan, Z.K. (2009), Sorption of endrin to montmorillonite and kaolinite clays. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 168 (1), 210-214.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat168, 210.pdf

Abstract: It has been discovered previously that clay minerals may have a greater potential for sorption of pesticides. In this paper, the sorption of endrin, a nonionic persistent organochlorine pesticide, to montmorillonite and kaolinite was investigated. The effect of pH, ionic strength on the sorption was studied. The effect of intercalation of hydroxyl aluminium species on sorption of endrin to montmorillonite was also investigated. The results show that, the sorption isotherm of endrin to montmorillonite and kaolinite was linear. The sorption increases with the increase in ionic strength. pH has effect on the sorption and the sorption on both montmorillonite and kaolinite has obvious troughs at pH about 7.2 and 5.4, respectively. The intercalation of hydroxyl aluminium species decreases the sorption. Sorption mechanism of endrin to montmorillonite and kaolinite was suggested to be a combination of hydrophobic interaction and charge-dipole interaction and troughs in the effect of pH on sorption was attributed to the proton shift reaction of the broken bonds at the clay edges. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Clay, Distributed Reactivity Model, Elsevier, Humic-Acid, Interaction, Ionic Organic-Compounds, Isotherm, Kaolinite, Matter, Mechanism, Montmorillonite, Nonlinearity, Persistent Organic Pollutants, pH, Sediment, Sediments, Smectite, Soil, Soil, Sorption, Sorption Isotherm, Sorption Mechanism, Species, Water

? Han, C.H., Li, Z.Y. and Shen, J.Y. (2009), Photocatalytic degradation of dodecyl-benzenesulfonate over TiO₂-Cu₂O under visible irradiation. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 168 (1), 215-219.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat168, 215.pdf

Abstract: A series of TiO₂-Cu₂O mixed oxides were prepared by the hydrolysis of titanium butoxide and reduction of copper acetate with hydrazine. These composite oxides were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), N₂ adsorption and UV-vis techniques. Photocatalytic degradation of dodecyl-benzenesulfonate (DBS) under visible irradiation was performed, and effects of composition of catalysts and reaction conditions were studied. It was observed that TiO₂-Cu₂O composite oxides exhibited better photocatalytic activity than Cu₂O or TiO₂ alone. Among these composite oxides, the 5% TiO₂-Cu(2)O displayed the highest activity, and the degradation percentage of DBS and COD reached 97.3% and 65%, respectively. In addition, it was found that the decomposition of DBS followed the first-order kinetics and the adsorption of DBS followed the Langmuir model. Oxygen in solution played a vital role in the elimination of COD. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Cod, Copper, Degradation of DBS, Dispersions, First Order, Kinetics, Langmuir Model, Light Irradiation, Microscopy, Model, Oxidation, Particles, Photocatalysis, Photocatalytic, Photocatalytic Degradation, Photodegradation, Plasma, Pollutants, Reduction, Spectrometry, Sulfonate Surfactant, TiO₂, TiO₂-Cu₂O, Titanium, Visible Light, Water, XRD

? Singh, N. (2009), Adsorption of herbicides on coal fly ash from aqueous solutions. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 168 (1), 233-237.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat168, 233.pdf

Abstract: Development of low cost adsorbent for pesticide retention is an important area of research in environmental sciences. The present study reports the sorption potential of coal fly ash, a waste from power stations, for removal of metribuzin, metolachlor and atrazine from water. Batch sorption method was used to study the sorption of herbicides from water. The amount of herbicides sorbed increased with increase in the amount of fly ash in the suspension. The maximum capacity of the fly ash to adsorb metribuzin, metolachlor and atrazine was found to be 0.20, 0.28 and 0.38 mg/g by Freundlich equation and 0.56, 1.0 and 3.33 mg/g by Langmuir equation. Freundlich adsorption equation better explained the results of herbicides sorption in fly ash as regression coefficient (R-2) values were higher from Freundlich equation than the Langmuir equation. Adsorption isotherms were L-type suggesting that the herbicide sorption efficiency of fly ash depend on the initial concentration of herbicide in the solution and maximum removal of herbicide was observed at concentrations less than 10 mu g/ml. The results of this study have implications in using the fly ash for removal of these herbicides from industrial and agricultural waste water and can find use as a material in the preparation of biobeds to minimize environmental contamination from pesticide use. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorbent, Adsorption, Adsorption Isotherms, Aqueous, Atrazine, Atrazine, Capacity, Elsevier, Fly Ash, Freundlich, Groundwater, Isotherms, Langmuir Equation, Methyl Parathion Pesticide, Metolachlor, Metribuzin, Removal, Research, Solutions, Sorption, Sorption, Surface, Waste Water, Water

? Karim, A.B., Mounir, B., Hachkar, M., Bakasse, M. and Yaacoubi, A. (2009), Removal of Basic Red 46 dye from aqueous solution by adsorption onto Moroccan clay. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 168 (1), 304-309.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat168, 304.pdf

Abstract: In this study, Moroccan crude clay of Safi, which was characterized by X-ray diffraction, is used as adsorbent for the investigation of the adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic parameters of the Basic Red 46 (BR46) in aqueous solutions at various dye concentrations, adsorbent masses and pH values. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the dye increased by initial dye concentration and pH values. Two kinetic models (the pseudo-first-order and the pseudo-second-order) were used to calculate the adsorption rate constants. The adsorption kinetics of the basic dye followed pseudo-second-order model. The experimental data isotherms were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevish equations. The monolayer adsorption capacity for BR46 dye is 54 mg/g of crude clay. Nearly 20 min of contact time was found to be sufficient for the dye adsorption to reach equilibrium. Thermodynamical parameters were also evaluated for the dye-adsorbent system and revealed that the adsorption process is exothermic in nature. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Adsorbent, Adsorption, Adsorption Capacity, Adsorption Kinetics, Adsorption Rate, Aqueous Solution, Aqueous Solutions, Basic Dye, Basic Red, Capacity, Cationic Dye, Clay, Concentration, Data, Desorption, Dye, Dye Adsorption, Equilibrium, Exothermic, Experimental, Freundlich, Investigation, Isotherms, Kinetic, Kinetic Models, Kinetics, Kinetics, Langmuir, Mechanism, Methylene-Blue, Model, Models, Monolayer, Montmorillonite, Moroccan Clay, pH, Pseudo First Order, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo-First-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order Model, Rate Constants, Removal, Rights, Sawdust, Sepiolite, Solution, Solutions, Thermodynamic, Thermodynamic Parameters, X-Ray, X-Ray Diffraction

? Aksu, Z., Ertuğrul, S. and Dönmez, G. (2009), Single and binary chromium(VI) and Remazol Black B biosorption properties of Phormidium sp. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 168 (1), 310-318.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat168, 310.pdf

Abstract: Wastewaters of textile and leather dying industries may contain significant quantities of chromium(VI) ions besides anionic and water-soluble dyes. Moreover the temperature of these wastewaters may be a controlling parameter affecting the biosorption efficiency. In this study biosorption of chromium(VI) and Remazol Black B reactive dye by dried Phormidium sp., a thermophilic cyanobacterium, was studied as a function of initial chromium(VI) concentration and temperature in no dye and 100 mg l^-1 dye-containing media at an initial pH value of 2.0 at which the biomass exhibited the maximum chromium(VI) and dye uptakes. The decrease of both metal and dye uptakes with temperature indicated that the uptakes were exothermic in nature. Equilibrium uptake of chromium(VI) enhanced considerably with both chromium(VI) and 100 mgl^-1 dye concentrations. Moreover the presence of chromium(VI) also increased the uptake of dye. At 25C, 22.8 mg g^-1 chromium(VI) and 91.3 mg g^-1 dye were sorbed by the biomass in binary 100 mgl^-1 chromium(VI) and 100 mgl^-1 dye-containing medium. The Langmuir was the best suitable adsorption model for describing the biosorption of chromium(VI) individually and in dye-containing medium. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model described both the chromium(VI) and dye biosorptions kinetics accurately. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Biomass, Biosorption, Chromium(VI), Competitive Adsorption, Concentration, Corynebacterium-Glutamicum, Dye, Dye Biosorption, Dyes, Dying, Efficiency, Equilibrium, Exothermic, Function, Heavy-Metals, Ions, Isotherm Models, Kinetic, Kinetic Model, Kinetics, Langmuir, Media, Metal, Model, Mono-Component, pH, pH Value, Phormidium sp., Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order Kinetic Model, Reactive Dye, Remazol Black B, Removal, Rhizopus-arrhizus, Rights, Temperature, Uptake, Value, Wastewaters

? Mishra, P.C. and Patel, R.K. (2009), Removal of lead and zinc ions from water by low cost adsorbents. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 168 (1), 319-325.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat168, 319.pdf

Abstract: In this study, activated carbon, kaolin, bentonite, blast furnace slag and fly ash were used as adsorbent with a particle size between 100 mesh and 200 mesh to remove the lead and zinc ions from water. The concentration of the solutions prepared was in the range of 50-100 mg/L for lead and zinc for single and binary systems which are diluted as required for batch experiments. The effect of contact time, pH and adsorbent dosage on removal of lead and zinc by adsorption was investigated. The equilibrium time was found to be 30 min for activated carbon and 3 h for kaolin, bentonite, blast furnace slag and fly ash. The most effective pH value for lead and zinc removal was 6 for activated carbon. pH value did not effect lead and zinc removal significantly for other adsorbents. Adsorbent doses were varied from 5 g/L to 20 g/L for both lead and zinc solutions. An increase in adsorbent doses increases the percent removal of lead and zinc. A series of isotherm studies was undertaken and the data evaluated for compliance was found to match with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. To investigate the adsorption mechanism, the kinetic models were tested, and it follows second order kinetics. Kinetic studies reveals that blast furnace slag was not effective for lead and zinc removal. The bentonite and fly ash were effective for lead and zinc removal. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Adsorption, Adsorption Mechanism, Aqueous-Solutions, Bentonite, Blast Furnace Slag, Carbon, Efficiency, Elsevier, Equilibrium, Fly Ash, Freundlich, Freundlich Isotherm, Heavy-Metals, Isotherm, Kaolin, Kinetic, Kinetic Models, Kinetics, Langmuir Isotherm, Lead, Low Cost Adsorbents, Mechanism, Models, pH, Removal, Sawdust, Second Order, Single And Binary Solutions, Slurry, Solutions, Sorption, Wastes, Water

? Li, H., Ru, J.Y., Yin, W., Liu, X.H., Wang, J.Q. and Zhang, W.D. (2009), Removal of phosphate from polluted water by lanthanum doped vesuvianite. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 168 (1), 326-330.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat168, 326.pdf

Abstract: The adsorption capacities of vesuvianite and lanthanum doped vesuvianite were studied. The effects of different mass ratios of La/vesuvianite at different contact times, pHs, and temperatures on adsorption capacity were also studied. It was found that lanthanum doped vesuvianite exhibited higher adsorption capacity than undoped one due to the reaction of bounded lanthanum with phosphate. The adsorption capacity of lanthanum doped vesuvianite for phosphate removal increased with the increase of La/vesuvianite mass ratio. The Freundlich and Langmuir models were used to simulate the sorption equilibrium. and the results indicate that the Langmuir model had a better correlation with the experimental data than the Freundlich model did. When the initial phosphate concentration was 1 mg P/L, the adsorptive capacity rate would be 1.32 mg P/g lanthanum doped vesuvianite (La/vesuvianite mass ratio >= 0.14) at pH between 6 and 9 after 40 h. The concentrations of residual lanthanum ions in solution at different conditions were measured. Lanthanum doped vesuvianite was also used for the removal of phosphate in a polluted river water and it could be easily recycled once without losing its activity to a greater extent. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorption, Adsorption Capacity, Aqueous-Solution, Capacity, Elsevier, Equilibrium, Fly-Ash, Freundlich, Goethite, Langmuir Model, Lanthanum Doped Vesuvianite, Models, pH, Phosphate, Phosphate Removal, Phosphorus Removal, Removal, Sorption, Waste, Water

? Yang, J., Wang, S., Lu, Z.B., Yang, J. and Lou, S.J. (2009), Converter slag-coal cinder columns for the removal of phosphorous and other pollutants. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 168 (1), 331-337.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat168, 331.pdf

Abstract: A mixture of converter slag and coal cinder as adsorbent for the removal of phosphorous and other pollutants was studied in the paper. The maximum P adsorption capacity, pH of solution, contact time and initial phosphate concentration were evaluated in batch experiments for the two materials firstly. The data of P sorption were best fitted to Langumir equation, and the maximum adsorption capacities of converter slag and coal cinder were 2.417 and 0.398 mg P/g, respectively. The pH of solutions with converter slag and coal cinder changed dramatically with time and closed to 8 in 8 h, and the influence of initial pH on phosphate removal by coal cinder was more significant than by converter slag. Phosphate removal rate by converter slag decreased with increase of initial phosphate concentrations. Subsequently, two flow-through columns (Column 1 #, V-converter (slag): V-coal (cinder) = 1:5: Column 2#, V-converter slag: V-coal cinder = 1:3) were operated for the removal of phosphorous and other pollutants from the effluents of a vermifilter for nearly eleven months. Results indicated the average removal efficiency of total phosphorus, dissolved phosphorus, COD and NH4+-N by Column 1# were 44%, 56%, 31% and 67%, and by Column 2# were 42%, 54%, 24% and 57%, respectively. Column 1# had higher removal efficiency for P and other pollutants. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorption Capacity, Aqueous-Solution, Batch And Column Tests, Blast-Furnace Slags, Capacity, COD, Converter Slag and Coal Cinder, Crystallization Process, Elsevier, Manure, pH, Phosphate, Phosphate Removal, Phosphorous Removal, Phosphorus, Recovery, Removal, Separation, Solutions, Sorbents, Sorption, Steel Slag, Waste-Water Treatment

? Naeem, A., Saddique, M.T., Mustafa, S., Kim, Y. and Dilara, B. (2009), Cation exchange removal of Pb from aqueous solution by sorption onto NiO. Journal of Hazardous Materials,