Personal Research Database

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 241.pdf

Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to explore why publication records differ among Dutch departments of economics. The results of a large scale performance evaluations have been used for classifying research units in subsamples of high and low performers. After collecting data on organizational characteristics of economics research units, univariate and multivariate statistics have been applied to test hypotheses regarding determinants of scientific productivity in economics.

The extreme clannishness, not to say xenophobia, of the Econ makes life among them difficult and perhaps even somewhat dangerous for the outsider. This probably accounts for the fact that the Econ have so far not been systematically studied (...) More research on this interesting tribe is badly needed.

? Spangenberg, J.F.A., Breemhaar, B., Nijhuis, F. and Alfenaar, W. (1990), Some incentives and constraints of scientific performance in economics. Part II. Validity and sensitivity analysis. Scientometrics, 18 (3-4), 269-279.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 269.pdf

Abstract: Spangenberg, et al. have tested hypotheses concerning facilitators and inhibitors of scientific performance in Dutch economics. In order to examine the external validity of the findings, a comparison is made with large scale empirical studies conducted in two other countries. In order to examine the convergent validity of the overall performance measure, the relationship with other scientometric indicators is inspected. In order to test the robustness of their univariate and multivariate tests, multiple regressions were performed on three criteria: scientific productivity, citation impact, and individual performance index.

? Leydesdorff, L. (1990), Relations among science indicators or more generally among anything one might wish to count about texts. I. The static model. Scientometrics, 18 (3-4), 281-307.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 281.pdf

Abstract: In a series of two articles, I will show that the expected information content of distributions provides us with a straightforward means to develop a static and a dynamic model for the development of the sciences. In the first study, I analyze how knowledge about one indicator (nominal variable) can reduce our uncertainty in the prediction of other indicators, and how relations across various levels of aggregation can be assessed. In the second study, I will address the problem of the use of indicators and relations among them for predictions and reconstructions.

I will use the occurrences of words in texts as the prime nominal variable which can be easily counted by the machine. However, I will generalize the models for the multi-variate case, in which any indicator or nominal variable can be assessed in terms of its validity in relation to other indicators and its value for predictions.

? Urata, H. (1990), Information flows among academic disciplines in Japan. Scientometrics, 18 (3-4), 309-319.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 309.pdf

Abstract: An attempt is made to clarify the relationships among disciplines by examining the flow of citation and the migration of scholars in the humanities and social sciences in Japan. The results of both methods are consistent with each other. In humanities and social sciences in Japan, distinct hierarchical relationships are recognized between disciplines offering much information to other disciplines and disciplines obtaining much information from other disciplines.

Keywords: Japan

? Lyon, W.S. (1990), The dreams of reason - The computer and the rise of the science of complexity - Pagels, HR. Scientometrics, 18 (3-4), 321-322.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 321.pdf

Abstract: The fit of Bradford’s Law to bibliometrics - a field which is both interdisciplinary and relatively new was investigated. It is found that, contrary to expectations, the data fit Bradford’s Law very well, particularly in the more recent period, 1979-1983. There are, in both periods studied, seven core journals with about 30% of the papers, most of these journals are specialized in information science or documentation. No “falling away” from Bradford’s distribution towards the right-hand end of the bibliography was observed.

? Peritz, B.C. (1990), A Bradford distribution for bibliometrics. Scientometrics, 18 (5-6), 323-329.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 323.pdf

Keywords: Bibliometrics

? Over, R. (1990), The scholarly impact of articles published by men and women in psychology journals. Scientometrics, 18 (5-6), 331-340.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 331.pdf

Abstract: In considering whether men and women produce research of equal quality, it needs to be asked not whether similar numbers of important contributions come from men and women (since numerically there have been more men than women among researchers), but whether the proportion of women active in research who make important contributions is the same as the proportion of men active in research who make important contributions. A search of entries in the 1985 edition of Social Sciences Citation Index located 564 articles from psychology journals which had attracted 15 or more citations. The sex ratio among senior authors of these high-impact articles was compared with the sex-ratio among senior authors of low-impact articles published in the same journals. The majority of high-impact articles had been published by men, but so had most low-impact articles. When allowance was made for the different numerical representation of the two sexes among authors, there was no evidence that men and women differ in terms of the impact of articles they publish. The results are discussed in the context of methodological issues in evaluation of sex differences in scientific performance, as well as with reference to the limited recognition that women so far have gained for research achievement in psychology.

? Gupta, B.M., Sharma, S.C. and Mehrotra, N.N. (1990), Subject-based publication activity indicators for medicinal and aromatic plants research. Scientometrics, 18 (5-6), 341-361.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 341.pdf

Abstract: The paper analyses 2339 research papers appearing in 330 journals covered in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Abstracts, India (1983) on the basis of their broad subject fields such as agronomy, phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical research, their country of origin, plant genera and their species, and by type of investigation. Under each of the broad subject fields and major genera, an attempt has been made to identify the nature and focus of research in different countries through minimal level content analysis. Special focus of the paper has been the analysis of Indian publication output.

? Karki, M.M.S. (1990), Environmental science research in India: An analysis of publications. Scientometrics, 18 (5-6), 363-373.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 363.pdf

Abstract: Investigates the trends in environmental science research in India with regard to its various branches, channels of communication used, authorship pattern of the papers, institution-wise output, rank of journals, extent of collaboration and scholarship of papers basing the entries noticed in the Paryavaran Abstracts. Major areas of interest of Indian environmentalists are given and prolific investigators have been listed. Journals used by Indian workers for publication of their work are studied. Subject areas with number of papers, number of authors, and average authorship are tabulated.

Keywords: India

? Mychkomegrin, A.Y. (1990), Estimates of the annual total number of titles on medicine and its disciplines and scientific productivity of physicians. Scientometrics, 18 (5-6), 375-388.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 375.pdf

Abstract: Two scientometric indices are reviewed: number of printed scientific works per 100 specialists per year and number of scientific journals per 1000 specialists. In 1973-1977 Brazilian chemists and pharmacologists published 15.8 scientific works per 100 specialists per year, in 1981-1985 Japanese physicians - 17.1 ones, in 1968-1986 Czechoslovakian physicians - 17.1 ones, in 1978-1986 Hungarian physicians - 18.3 ones, in 1963-1979 Polish physicians - 18.5 ones, in 1983 Yugoslavian physicians - 20.1 titles per 100 specialists. In 1986 in USA 7.2 biomedical journals were issued per 1000 physicians, in Japan - 3.4 ones, in Spain - 1.8 biomedical journals per 1000 physicians. In 1986 in USA 6.8 dental periodicals were published per 1000 dentists, Great Britain - 3.0 ones, in Canada - 2.6 ones, in Spain - 2.0 dental journals. The total number of world’s biomedical articles and books’ titles was 535,000 in 1967, 628,000 in 1972, 820,000 in 1978, 1.01 million ones in 1983 and 1.13 million titles in 1986.

? Spangenberg, J.F.A. and Nijhuis, F.J.N. (1990), Human information processing in science. Scientometrics, 18 (5-6), 389-407.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 389.pdf

Abstract: Human information processing in science is explored by observation of success and failure attributions of scientists in a Dutch university sample. Scientific performance is measured by various bibliometric indicators, while attribution theory has been used for the classification of perceived causes of performance. Low performers appear to attribute their success and failure more to external than to internal causes as compared to high performers.

? Trofimenko, A.P. (1990), Scientometric analysis of the topical content of scientific research and its particularities. Scientometrics, 18 (5-6), 409-435.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 409.pdf

Abstract: A new method for quantitative evaluation of the topical content of scientific research is proposed. The method is based on the analysis of the number and topic of publications in different fields. A mathematical model, describing the connection between level and width of research, between topic renewal and concentration of research is developed. Furthermore, coefficients characterizing various aspects of research are introduced. The theoretical conclusions fit well the factual data obtained from the INIS system. A nucleus of terms defining the most developed directions of research is found in each case. The analysis indicates that the growth rate of publications cannot serve as a reliable criterion of research topicality.

? Ehikhamenor, F.A. (1990), Productivity of physical scientists in Nigerian universities in relation to communication variables. Scientometrics, 18 (5-6), 437-444.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 437.pdf

Abstract: The central activity on which scientific enterprise revolves and is sustained is communication. Under normal circumstances, there is a correlation between the output of a scientist in terms of publications and the amount of time spent in communicating with other scientists or the extent of his contacts with other scientists. This relationship was investigated among physical scientists in some Nigerian universities, but the results do not substantiate it. This can be attributed to a host of constraints being experienced by the scientists in their research and communication activities. Consequently, performance in these activities is inconsistent and unpredictable, and so, there can be no systematic relationship between productivity and communication activities.

? Schubert, A. (1990), Quantitative studies of science a current bibliography. Scientometrics, 18 (5-6), 445-463.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics18, 445.pdf

? Schubert, A. and Braun, T. (1990), International collaboration in the sciences, 1981-1985. Scientometrics, 19 (1-2), 3-10.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 3.pdf

? Klaic, B. (1990), Scientometric analysis of the research activities of chemists from the Rugjer-Boskovic-Institute (Yugoslavia), 1976-1985. Scientometrics, 19 (1-2), 11-24.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 11.pdf

Abstract: The research activity of chemists from the “Rugjer Bogkovid” Institute (RBI, Zagreb, Yugoslavia) was analyzed for the period 1976-1985, covering 2018 research years of scientific work, and 1149 SCI registered papers (0.57 publications per research year). At the average, one paper was published by 3.05 scientists. The papers were published in 235 different journals, most frequently is the national Croatica Chemica Acta (171 papers). The publications were divided into two groups: for the periods 1976-1980 and 1981-1985, and for each paper citations were collected in the respective time period. An average publication had 2.58 citations. Chemical papers from the second period had 2.73 citations per paper, which is 85% of the expected value, and this was considerably more than for Yugoslav papers (66%) in general. The papers were classified according to the subfields used in the Journal Citation Reports, and the results compared with the data published by Schubert, Gldnzel and Braun. The distribution of citations was also analyzed.

Keywords: Yugoslavia

? So, C.Y.K. (1990), Openness index and affinity index - 2 New citation indicators. Scientometrics, 19 (1-2), 25-34.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 25.pdf

Abstract: This article discusses some design issues in the self-citing rate and the self-cited rate proposed by the Social Sciences Citation Index for journals. Improvements on the above measures lead to two new citation indicators-the Openness Index and the Affinity Index. These new indices could be expressed in terms of several components (self, own-field, otherfield, overall). Each of these components indicates more specific citation situations of a journal. The application of these new citation indicators is illustrated in the measurement of some journals’ characteristics in the field of communication.

? Todorov, R. and Winterhager, M. (1990), Mapping Australian geophysics - A co-heading analysis. Scientometrics, 19 (1-2), 35-56.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 35.pdf

Abstract: Descriptive capacities of a new bibliometric method, namely co-heading analysis, are investigated. The method uses the appearance and co-appearance of classification subdivisions (headings) in the document records of 1988 INSPEC database to display correspondingly the main topics of Australian geophysics and their links. The findings, in the form of inclusion maps (resulting from multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis) provide new insights into geophysics national activity and into its structure.

? Uzun, A. (1990), A quantitative-analysis of Turkish publication output in physics between 1938-1987. Scientometrics, 19 (1-2), 57-73.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 57.pdf

Abstract: The output of a total of 860 publications in physics for the period 1938-1987 is used to analyse the mainstream of physics research in Turkey. The productivity and growth characteristics of the research in experimental and theoretical areas as well as in different subfields and institutions in the country are briefly discussed. The total output is also assessed by its citation impact.

? Miao, Q.H. and Zhang, Z.Z. (1990), Anatomy of Jetro’s overseas technology monitoring: Bibliometric and content analysis. Scientometrics, 19 (1-2), 75-90.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 75.pdf

Abstract: By means of bibliometrics and content analysis, both quantitative and qualitative, based upon JETRO Technology Bulletin data-base, the authors reveal some properties of overseas monitoring for industrial technology and technology policy by Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), specifically, identify the shift of focus in regional and technical field dimensions, depict the different modes of representative technical areas, and trace the relation between technology monitoring and government policy action.

? Hargens, L.L. and Herting, J.R. (1990), Neglected considerations in the analysis of agreement among journal referees. Scientometrics, 19 (1-2), 91-106.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 91.pdf

Abstract: Studies of representative samples of submissions to scientific journals show statistically significant associations between referees’ recommendations. These associations are moderately large given the multidimensional and unstable character of scientists’ evaluations of papers, and composites of referees’ recommendations can significantly aid editors in selecting manuscripts for publication, especially when there is great variability in the quality of submissions and acceptance rates are low. Assessments of the value of peer-review procedures in journal manuscript evaluation should take into account features of the entire scholarly communications system present in a field.

? Stevens, G. (1990), The flow of information between languages: An application of price’s method. Scientometrics, 19 (1-2), 107-126.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 107.pdf

Abstract: Among Derek de Solla Price’s many contributions to scientometrics is a method for analysing matrices whose terms represent flow of some kind. The relative contributions of languages to the international flow of intellectual capital are analysed using this method. Translations are examined by UDC category to determine the types of capital exported by languages. It is shown that the world’s major languages export across the whole spectrum of intellectual endeavour, and that minor languages tend to specialise in a few categories. An examination of the links between languages, as shown by translation flows, shows that most transmit information into only a small number of other languages.

? Courtial, J.P. and Michelet, B. (1990), A mathematical model of development in a research field. Scientometrics, 19 (1-2), 127-141.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 127.pdf

Abstract: We use co-word analysis in a retrospective study of the transformation of the knowledge network in the field of polymer science from 1973 to 1976. The results of this study lead us to propose a model of change in the field. This model is based on the observation that the interaction of Several networks gives rise to a sub-network that is at first central and then - and this is what the model allows us to predict - central and developed (without its precise content being predictable). Such sub-networks begin in regions of the network of central associated words where there are numerous holes or incomplete links. The model appears to be sufficiently robust statistically that it does not miss significant transformations and it suggests a way of predicting knowledge development. A comparison is made with other models of network transformation, such as the contagion model and the model of local structural equivalence.

? Shaw, A. (1990), Comments on brookes, Bertram, C., recipient of the 1989 Price, Derek, Desolla Award. Scientometrics, 19 (3-4), 153-155.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 153.pdf

? Todorov, R. (1990), Comments on Vlachy, Jan, recipient of the 1989 Price, Derek, Desolla Award. Scientometrics, 19 (3-4), 157-158.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 157.pdf

? Braun, T. and Glänzel, W. (1990), A topographical approach to world publication output and performance in the sciences, 1981-1985. Scientometrics, 19 (3-4), 159-165.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 159.pdf

? Luukkonen, T. (1990), Publication structures and accumulative advantages. Scientometrics, 19 (3-4), 167-184.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 167.pdf

Abstract: The paper examines the role played by the scientific journal in the citation process. It compares characteristics of journals which publish the articles cited and those which cite them. It pays attention to the regional location, degrees of specialization, and visibility of journals and investigates how these factors relate to accumulation of citations. The data consist of a subsample of Nordic cardiovascular research articles, published in 1981, and of the articles citing them until early 1988.

? Plomp, R. (1990), The significance of the number of highly cited papers as an indicator of scientific prolificacy. Scientometrics, 19 (3-4), 185-197.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 185.pdf

Abstract: After presenting arguments that the number of highly cited papers (HCPs, 25 or more citations) has some advantages as an indicator of an author’s scientific impact, the paper discusses citation data of 338 university professors in departments of medicine in the Netherlands. An analysis of the distribution of HCPs over the years provides support for the following conclusions: (1) prolific researchers with a large number of HCPs usually manifest themselves already in their Ph.D. work, apparently almost independent of the scientific setting, (2) it cannot be taken for granted that a successful Ph.D. student with some HCPs connected with his/her doctoral thesis will become a prolific successful researcher, (3) it is unlikely that an unsuccessful Ph.D. student without HCPs connected with his/her doctoral thesis will turn out to be a prolific successful researcher,, and (4) for researchers, just as for artists, sportsmen, etc., talent is the most decisive factor in being successful.

? Peritz, B.C. (1990), The citation impact of funded and unfunded research in economics. Scientometrics, 19 (3-4), 199-206.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 199.pdf

Abstract: Is research which receives grant support more cited than unfunded research? The answer to this question for the field of economics is - at least tentatively - affirmative. However, in pursuing this query several methodological questions are encountered and discussed, ranging from the choice of the statistical model and of the population, through the control of covariates, to the selection of the unit of investigation. It is suggested that, in spite of their limitations, small bibliometric studies of selected populations, which control for at least some of the relevant covariates, might become a helpful tool in clarifying some issues in science policy.

? Hogan, T.J. (1990), A measure of accounting faculties and doctoral programs. Scientometrics, 19 (3-4), 207-221.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 207.pdf

Abstract: References from accounting doctoral course syllabi are used to construct a data base. Some type of syllabus in the areas of financial accounting, research methodology, behavioral accounting, managerial accounting, and information economics and agency theory was obtained from 49 schools. Syllabi references are used to rank accounting departments based on the author’s place of employment and institution from which the doctorate was earned.

? Qiu, L.W. and Tague, J. (1990), Complete or incomplete data sets. The Groos droop investigated. Scientometrics, 19 (3-4), 223-237.

Full Text: 1990\Scientometrics19, 223.pdf

Abstract: Since the Groos droop of Bradford curves was reported, there has been a controversial explanation of its cause, i.e., that it is caused by an incomplete data set. In this study, a computer simulation was conducted to study the phenomenon. Incompleteness was characterized by two kinds of sampling, weighted and unweighted. Weighted sampling was used to simulate incompleteness of low productivity journals, unweighted sampling incompleteness at all productivity levels. Based on the result of 400 runs (two sampling methods  four sample sizes  ten data sets  fine random runs), the hypothesis that the Groos droop is caused by incomplete data sets was rejected. The relationships between sample size, sampling method and the degree of the droop are also reported.

? Lancaster, F.W., Lee, S.Y.K. and Diluvio, C. (1990), Does place of publication influence citation behavior. Scientometrics,