Pesticide Evaluation Report and Safe Use Action Plan (persuap)
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Pesticide Evaluation Report and Safe Use Action Plan (PERSUAP) Covering CORAF/WECARD coordinated Feed the Future (FTF) Activities implemented by member National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS) in West Africa March 2014
Pest and Pesticide Management & Environmental Assessment Professional Consultant alanschroeder99@gmail.com Business cell phone: 703-859-1676 Skype VOIP: happywildwarthog
AI Active Ingredient (pesticide reference) AOR Agreement Officer’s Representative (USAID) BEO Bureau Environmental Officer BMP Best Management Practice BT Bacillus thuringiensis (a bacteria that produces a toxin used as a pesticide) CCD Colony Collapse Disorder CFR Code of Federal Regulations CLI CropLife International (Private Sector Pesticide Companies Trade Association) COP Chief of Party COR Contracting Officer’s Representative (USAID) CORAF Conseil ouest et centre africain pour la recherche et le développement agricoles (WECARD in English) DS Powders for dry seed treatment (pesticide formulation) EA Environmental Assessment EC Emulsifiable Concentrate (pesticide formulation) EC50 Effective Concentration 50 (acute toxicity measure) EPA US Environmental Protection Agency (also known as USEPA) ETOA Environmental Threats and Opportunities Analysis EU European Union EurepGAP European Good Agriculture Practices FAO Food and Agriculture Organization (United Nations agency) FDA Food and Drug Administration (US) FIFRA Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act FRAC Fungicide Resistance Action Committee FS Flowable concentrate for Seed treatment (pesticide formulation) FTF Feed the Future GlobalGAP Global Good Agriculture Practices, a certification system GMO Genetically Modified Organism GUP General Use Pesticide Ha Hectares HRAC Herbicide Resistance Action Committee HT Highly Toxic ID Identification IEE Initial Environmental Examination IGR Insect Growth Regulator IP Implementing Partner IPM Integrated Pest Management IR Intermediate Result IRAC Insecticide Resistance Action Committee LC50 Lethal Concentration 50 (acute toxicity measure) LD50 Lethal Dose 50 (acute toxicity measure) MASL meters above sea level MOA Ministries of Agriculture M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MD Micro Dispersion (pesticide formulation) MEO Mission Environmental Officer MRL Maximum/Minimum Residue Level/Limit MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet MT Metric Tons MT Moderately Toxic NAT Not Acutely Toxic NCAT National Center for Appropriate Technology NEPA National Environmental Policy Act (US EPA) NIFA National Institute of Food and Agriculture PAN Pesticide Action Network PEA Programmatic Environmental Assessment PER Pesticide Evaluation Report PERSUAP Pesticide Evaluation Report and Safe Use Action Plan pH log of Hydrogen concentration, measure of acidity PHI Pre-Harvest Interval PIC Prior Informed Consent (a treaty, relates to toxic pesticides) POPs Persistent Organic Pollutants (a treaty, relates to toxic persistent pesticides) PMP Pest Management Plan PNT Practically Non-Toxic PPE Personal Protection Equipment R&D toxin Reproductive and Developmental toxin REA Regional Environmental Advisor Reg 216 Regulation 216 (USAID Environmental Procedures) REI Re-Entry Interval (safety period after pesticide spraying) RUP Restricted Use Pesticide S&C Standards and Certification SC Suspension Concentrate (pesticide formulation) SOW Scope of Work ST Slightly Toxic SUAP Safe Use Action Plan UC University of California UN United Nations USAID United States Agency for International Development USDA United States Department of Agriculture USEPA US Environmental Protection Agency (also known as EPA) VHT Very Highly Toxic WECARD West and Central African Council For Agricultural Research and Development (CORAF in French) WHO World Health Organization WP Wettable Powder (pesticide formulation) WS Water dispersible powder for Slurry treatment (pesticide formulation) Table of ContentsACRONYMS 2 Table of Contents 4 APPROVAL OF RECOMMENDED ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIONS 7 APPROVAL OF RECOMMENDED ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIONS 8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 14 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 15 Table1: Allowed and Rejected Pesticide AIs, by country or registration system 17 SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION 33 1.1Purpose, Scope & Orientation 33 1.2 USAID Environmental Regulations Development 33 1.3 Regulation 216 34 1.4 The Pesticide Evaluation Report and Safe Use Action Plan (PERSUAP) 34 1.5 Integrated Pest Management—USAID Policy 35 1.6 West Africa CORAF/WECARD PERSUAP Methodology and Scopes of Work (SOW) 36 SECTION 2: BACKGROUND 37 Figure 1: Map of West Africa 37 2.1 Countries Background 38 2.2 USAID West Africa CORAF/WECARD Projects Backgrounds 44 Table 2: CORAF FTF country and crop coverage 44 2.3 West Africa CORAF/WECARD Pesticides and Standards Issues 45 2.4 West Africa CORAF/WECARD member NARS countries Pesticide Sector, Risks and Areas for Improvement 46 Table 3: Pesticide System Risks for West Africa CORAF/WECARD Member Countries 48 SECTION 3: PESTICIDE EVALUATION REPORT 51 Box 1: The 12 Pesticide FACTORS 51 3.1 Factor A: USEPA Registration Status of the Proposed Pesticide 52 3.2 Factor B: Basis for Selection of Pesticides 60 3.3 Factor C: Extent to Which the Proposed Pesticide Use Is, Or Could Be, Part of an IPM Program 60 3.4 Factor D: Proposed Method or Methods of Application, Including the Availability of Application and Safety Equipment 62 3.5 Factor E: Any Acute and Long-Term Toxicological Hazards, either Human or Environmental, Associated With the Proposed Use, And Measures Available To Minimize Such Hazards 64 3.6 Factor F: Effectiveness of the Requested Pesticide for the Proposed Use 65 3.7 Factor G: Compatibility of the Proposed Pesticide Use with Target and Non-Target Ecosystems. 67 3.8 Factor H: Conditions under Which the Pesticide Is To Be Used, Including Climate, Geography, Hydrology, and Soils 70 3.9 Factor I: Availability of Other Pesticides or Non-Chemical Control Methods 71 3.10 Factor J: Host Country’s Ability to Regulate or Control the Distribution, Storage, Use, and Disposal of the Requested Pesticide 72 3.11 Factor K: Provision for Training of Users and Applicators 74 3.12 Factor L: Provision Made For Monitoring the Use and Effectiveness of Each Pesticide 74 SECTION 4: PESTICIDE SAFE USE ACTION PLAN (SUAP)OR EMMP 77 4.1 Introduction 77 4.2Allowed Pesticides 77 Table 4: SUAP Allowed and Rejected Pesticide AIs, by country or registration system 77 4.3 USAID field monitoring requirement 88 4.4 Summary of Compliance Requirements (Safer Use Measures) 88 Table 5: SUAP and EMMP Required Actions 88 Annex 1. Guidelines for Pest Management Plans (PMPs) for West Africa CORAF/WECARD Crops and Beneficiaries 90 Annex 2. Elements of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program 93 Annex 3. Botanical Active Ingredients in Pesticides, Repellents, and Baits Regulated by USEPA 96 Annex 4. Natural Pesticides That Have Been Commercialized 98 Annex 5: Matrix of West Africa CORAF/WECARD FTF and WASP Crops/Livestock with Primary Production Constraints, PERSUAP -- Recommended Pest Prevention GAP/IPM Tactics & PERSUAP-Recommended Curative Tools and Tactics 99 Annex 6. Acute Toxicity of Pesticides: EPA and WHO Classifications 106 Annex 7: PERSUAP Analyses of Active Ingredients in Pesticides Registered in West Africa CORAF/WECARD 108 Annex 8. Training Topics and Safe Pesticide Use Web Resources 124 Annex 9. Field Monitoring Form for Farmer Best Practices including GAP and IPM options 126 Annex 10: Farm and Project Record Keeping Associated with Pesticide Use 128 129 Annex 11: PERSUAP References 131 Annex 12: 2013 West Africa CORAF/WECARD FTF and WASP EMMP (Environmental Risk Mitigation & Monitoring Plan) 134 Directory: repository -> doc doc -> Doc 9718 an/957 Handbook on Radio Frequency Spectrum Requirements for Civil Aviation doc -> Cancun convention & visitors bureau trends and Economy Report – September 2009 repository -> 8th grade English Language Department Taldykorgan Tasks for Olympiad 8 doc -> Republic of Kosovo Government Ministry of Economic Development doc -> Reporte inteligenicia doc -> Initial environmental examination (iee) and/or categorical exclusion doc -> Aflasafe™ pea amendment for usaid/East Africa February 2015 doc -> Initial environmental examination program/activity data: Program/Activity Number doc -> Doc 9718 an/957 Handbook on Radio Frequency Spectrum Requirements for Civil Aviation Download 5.7 Mb. 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