Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 113 Author
Notes: FLA 0028646x Cambridge University Press latex Copyright 1971 New Phytologist Trust URL
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Notes: FLA 0028646x
Cambridge University Press latex
Copyright 1971 New Phytologist Trust URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0028-646X%28197105%2970%3A3%3C497%3ANAIWLO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-%23 Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 276 Author: Spodniewska, I. Year: 1971 Title: The influence of experimental increase of biomass of the blue-green algae Gloeotrichia echinulata (Smith) Richter on phytoplankton production Journal: Ekol. Pol Volume: 19 Issue: 31 Pages: 475-483 Accession Number: 5506566 Keywords: Freshwater Q1 01461 Plankton Abstract: Field experiments carried out in an eutrophic lake showed an increase of the phytoplankton production when phytoplankton biomass was experimentally increased in good light conditions by adding G. echinulata. Notes: 1971. 4 refs. Records keyed from 1972 ASFA printed journals. English Journal Article Author Address: Inst. Ekol. PAN, Dziekanow Lesny k. Warszawy, Poland Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 277 Author: Lange, Willy Year: 1971 Title: Enhancement of algal growth in Cyanophyta-bacteria systems by carbonaceous compounds Journal: Canadian Journal of Microbiology Volume: 17 Issue: 3 Pages: 303-14 Accession Number: AN 1971:121800 Keywords: Microcystis (aeruginosa, carbohydrate stimulation of growth of); Carbohydrates Role: BIOL (Biological study) (algae growth stimulation by); Algae (carbohydrate stimulation of growth of blue-green); Anabaena (circinalis, carbohydrate stimulation of growth of); Gloeotrichia (echinulata, carbohydrate stimulation of growth of); Phormidium (foveolarum, carbohydrate stimulation of growth of); Nostoc (muscorum, carbohydrate stimulation of growth of); Anacystis (nidulans, carbohydrate stimulation of growth of) algal growth carbon compds Abstract: Carbonaceous additives such as glucose, sucrose, potato starch, and glycolic acid generally have a stimulating effect on the growth of bacteria-assocd. blue-green algae such as Anabaena circinalis, Gloeotrichia echinulata, Phormidium foveolarum, and Anacystis nidulans when atmospheric carbon dioxide (0.3 mg/l.) was the limiting factor; this growth enhancement was manifested by increased cell no. and the greater chemical oxygen demand. Similar enhancement was obsd. when the atmosphere was enriched with 0.5 of the gas. With this augmented supply of atmospheric carbon dioxide, however, the enhancing effect of organic matter disappeared. The presence of the organic additives also appeared to delay bacterial assimilation of organic chelating agents which had been added to keep iron and essential trace elements accessible to the algae in an alkaline medium. Axenic cultures of Microcytsis aeruginosa and Nostoc muscorum which could use added carbonaceous compds. did not show any effect of the additive. Thus, bacteria-assimilable carbon compds. may be one of the factors leading to algal bloom in lakes and ponds, especially when growth is not limited by the supply of phosphorus or other inorganic elements. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 74:121800 8 Microbial Biochemistry Tanner's Counc. Lab.,Univ. Cincinnati,Cincinnati,OH,USA. Journal
0008-4166 written in English. 124-38-9 Role: BIOL (Biological study) (algae growth stimulation by carbohydrate in presence of)
00243590
American Society of Limnology and Oceanography latex
Copyright 1971 American Society of Limnology and Oceanography URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0024-3590%28197109%2916%3A5%3C711%3ANFILE%3E2.0.CO%3B2-I Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 81 Author: Allen, Harold L. Year: 1971 Title: Primary Productivity, Chemo-organotrophy, and Nutritional Interactions of Epiphytic Algae and Bacteria on Macrophytes in the Littoral of a Lake Journal: Ecological Monographs Volume: 41 Issue: 2 Pages: 97-127 Date: Spring Abstract: Epiphytic algal and bacterial in situ community metabolism and physiological-nutritional relationships of macrophyte-epiphyte systems were investigated in the littoral zone of a small temperate lake from April 1968 through May 1969. Annual primary productivity, chemo-organotrophy of dissolved organic compounds, and field and laboratory studies of macrophyte-epiphyte interactions were monitored by carbon-14 techniques. Productivity measurements of epiphytic algae on artificial substrates colonized in emergent (Scirpus acutus Muhl.) and submergent (Najas flexilis L. and Chara spp.) macrophytic vegetation sites were compared over an annual period with pigment (corrected chlorophyll a and total plant carotenoids) estimates of biomass. Changes in biomass are not proportional to changes in photosynthetic activity, except during periods of intense productivity. The mean daily productivity of epiphytic algae was higher per unit macrophyte surface area of emergent plants (336 mg C m^-^2 day^-^1) than on submerged plants (258 mg C m^-^2 day^-^1). Mean daily productivity per unit area of the littoral zone, for all of the macrophytic surface area colonized, was 195 and 1,807 mg C m^-^2 day^-^1 in the Scirpus and Najas-Chara dominated sites, respectively. The total annual production by algal epiphytes in the Scirpus and Najas-Chara dominated sites was 2.86 and 35.00 g C m^-^2 of lake surface year^-^1, respectively. Estimates of annual net production of macrophytes and epipelic algae, derived from studies undertaken during the same time period as reported in this study, indicate that epiphytic algae were responsible for 31.3% of the total littoral production. The epiphytic algae were responsible for 21.4% of the total annual production for the whole lake when the production of the pelagial phytoplankton was added to that of the littoral communities. In comparison to the pelagial phytoplankton alone, the algal epiphytes fixed an amount of carbon equivalent to 75% of the phytoplankton production over the annual period. These results indicate that algal epiphytes on submerged macrophytes may be one of the dominant primary producers in shallow-water ecosystems and may be comparable to the phytoplankton. Deposition of ^1^4C-monocarbonates during in situ productivity measurements represented 38.5-71.7% of the total intracellular fixed carbon. Acidification of ^1^4C-productivity samples by rinsing with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.001 N) removed 24% of previously incorporated carbon and is not recommended as a routine procedure. Physiological interactions in macrophyte-epiphyte systems were investigated by bioassay procedure. Inorganic iron added at less than 10 @mg liter ^-^1, and at 100 @mg liter^-^1 in combination with organic compounds of chelatory or complexing ability, stimulated photosynthesis of epiphytic algae. Bioassay experiments in which vitamins, trace metals, and inorganic phosphorus were added to algal photosynthesis. Chlorophyll a, corrected for pheopigment degradation products, and total plant carotenoid levels are among the highest standing crops reported in the literature (annual maximum of chlorophyll a = 7.3 g m^-^2; plant carotenoids = 40.7 SPU m^-^2). Maximum concentrations were found during winter under ice cover. Epiphytic bacterial chemo-organotrophy with glucose and acetate substrates was measured at concentrations of 11-160 @mg liter^-^1 and evaluated through Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetic analysis. First-order active transport kinetics dominated throughout the annual period. Uptake of acetate (submerged plant site, mean rate = 893 @mg liter^-^1 hr^-^1 dm^-^2; emergent plant site, 106 @mg liter^-^1 hr^-^1 dm^-^2) was greater than that of glucose (submerged plant site, 586 @mg liter^-^1 hr^-^1 dm^-^2; emergent plant site, 54 @mg liter^-^1 hr^-^1 dm^-^2). Scirpus acutus was labeled in situ during photosynthesis with natural concentrations of carbon dioxide (as ^1^4C). Epiphytic uptake of ^1^4C-labeled, extracellular products of macrophytic origin was determined. Extracellular release of ^1^4C-labeled organic ma ter was followed at various depths in the littoral water column. The nature of the extracellular release and the amount of ^1^4C fixed by the macrophyte and transferred into the epiphytic complex suggests nutritional interactions that may be prevalent in other macrophyte-epiphyte systems. Najas flexilis, germinated and grown under axenic conditions in a defined medium, was labeled during photosynthesis and placed into the center section of Plexiglas chambers separated by membrane filters free of organic carbon contamination. Over a 3.75-hr incubation interval, a mean of 7% of the total intracellularly fixed carbon was excreted as ^1^4C-labeled dissolved organic carbon. Cultured algal and bacterial epiphytes, separately and mixed in simulated natural communities, were able to utilize these extracellular products when placed into chamber sections adjoining the labeled Najas. The amount of extracellular products utilized by the mixed algal and bacterial communities changed with time, depending on the composition of the epiphytic community. The results suggest interspecific interactions where competition for specific external metabolites or organic solutes may have existed, or where toxic extracellular products may have accumulated. Laboratory uptake of low concentrations of glucose and acetate-^1^4C at 5@?, 11@? to 12@?, and 21@? to 23@? C by separate and mixed cultures of algal and bacterial epiphytes showed that uptake was strongly influenced by temperature, except at low temperatures where transport and diffusion mechanisms seemed to be inactivated. A sessile bacterium, Caulobacter, however, showed a highly efficient uptake system for both substrates under cold conditions. Uptake of both substrates by mixed cultures of algae and bacteria showed that bacterial uptake of both substrates by mixed cultures of algae and bacteria showed that bacterial uptake was little influenced at low substrate concentrations by the presence of algae. Epiphytic algal uptake following kinetics of simple diffusion was, however, increased in the presence of bacteria, suggesting uptake of ^1^4CO"2 previously respired by the bacteria. Macrophyte-epiphyte metabolism may be an important source of dissolved organic materials and extracellular metabolites and thus may help to sustain high levels of primary productivity and chemo-organotrophy in lakes. Notes: FLA 00129615
The Duke University Press EN Copyright 1971 The Ecological Society of America URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0012-9615%28197121%2941%3A2%3C97%3APPCANI%3E2.0.CO%3B2-5 Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 42 Author: Watts, W. A. Year: 1970 Title: The Full-Glacial Vegetation of Northwestern Georgia Journal: Ecology Volume: 51 Issue: 1 Pages: 17-33 Date: Jan. Abstract: Two small ponds in Bartow County, Georgia, northwest of Atlanta, originated by subsidence of unconsolidated surface deposits into solution hollows in the underlying lower Paleozoic Knox Dolomite. The pond sediments consist of copropelic clays 250-400 cm thick with well-preserved plant remains, covered by as much as 150 cm of colluvial deposits with moderately to poorly preserved plant fossils. The clays yield radiocarbon dates of 20,100 and 22,900 BP near their base, contemporaneous with the main Wisconsin glaciation. The full-glacial sediments are rich in pollen and plant macrofossils. The pollen assemblage is dominated by Pinus (pine), with small amounts of Picea (spruce), Quercus (oak), Ostrya type (hophornbeam), and herbaceous types. It closely resembles published full-glacial pollen assemblages from southeastern North Carolina. Pinus banksiana (jack-pine) and Picea sp. are represented by fossil needles at many levels, and the rich macroflora of aquatics shows a marked phytogeographical relationship with the modern flora of northern New England. A floristic displacement of about 1,100 km would be needed to account for the presence of this flora in Georgia. Deciduous trees, primarily Quercus and Ostrya type, may have had a minor role in the full-glacial vegetation. In the postglacial an early Quercus-dominated phase is followed by a Pinus-dominated phase, which lasts to the present. Familiar southern tree genera such as Liquidambar (sweet gum) and Nyssa (black gum) appear to have migrated into the region in postglacial time. Species that occur primarily on the Coastal Plain but have disjunct occurrences at the two ponds and farther into the central United States, such as Itea virginica (Virginia willow) and Psilocarya nitens (sedge), first appear in the fossil record in the postglacial. It is supposed that they and perhaps other @'Coastal Plain disjuncts@' migrated into their present localities during the postglacial. Notes: FLA 00129658
Duke University Press EN Copyright 1970 The Ecological Society of America URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0012-9658%28197001%2951%3A1%3C17%3ATFVONG%3E2.0.CO%3B2-X Reference Type: Patent Record Number: 278 Author: Sheers, Edward H. Year: 1970 Title: trans-3,5-Dihydroxystilbene as algicide Country: Application: DE DE
Pages: 10 pp Date: 19691017. Number: 69-1952451 1952451
Accession Number: AN 1970:424312 Keywords: Anacystis (aeruginosa, control by dihydroxystilbene); Ankistrodesmus (arcuatus, control by dihydroxystilbene); Algicides (dihydroxystilbene); Gloeotrichia (echinulata, control by dihydroxystilbene); Chlamydomonas (gigantea, control by dihydroxystilbene); Melosira (varians, control by dihydroxystilbene) dihydroxystilbene algicidal; algicidal dihydroxystilbene; stilbene algicides Abstract: The title compd. was active in concns. of 1:1000 and 1:1,000,000 against Ankistrodesmus arcuatus, Chlamydomonas gigantea, Melosira varians, Anacystis aeruginosa, and Gloeotrichia echinulata. In a concn. of 1:1000, Ankistrodesmus and Anacystis were completely removed within 3 days and Gloeotrichia within 4 days. After 1 week, Melosira was decreased to 3% and Chlamydomonas to 20%. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 73:24312 19 Pesticides Patent written in German. 19700430 22139-77-1 Role: BIOL (Biological study) (algicides) Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 11 Author: Rusness, Donald; Burris, R. H. Year: 1970 Title: Acetylene Reduction (Nitrogen Fixation) in Wisconsin Lakes Journal: Limnology and Oceanography Volume: 15 Issue: 5 Pages: 808-813 Date: Sep. Abstract: Acetylene reduction has been used as an index of the nitrogen-fixing capacity of the phytoplankton of representative oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes in Wisconsin. Acetylene reduction was not measurable in samples from oligotrophic Crystal Lake but was vigorous in samples from eutrophicated lakes. The activity during the season fluctuated widely with the development of blooms of nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae; no activity was demonstrated during winter months. Activity and population generally decreased with depth. Acetylene reduction was low in early morning, rose to a peak at noon, and then declined. Notes: FLA 00243590
American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Copyright 1970 American Society of Limnology and Oceanography URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0024-3590%28197009%2915%3A5%3C808%3AAR%28FIW%3E2.0.CO%3B2-4 Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 1 Author: Roelofs, T. D.; Oglesby, R. T. Year: 1970 Title: Ecological Observations on the Planktonic Cyanophyte Gleotrichia echinulata Journal: Limnology and Oceanography Volume: 15 Issue: 2 Pages: 224-229 Date: Mar. Abstract: Gleotrichia echinulata was planktonic in Green Lake (Seattle, Washington) during summer, making its initial appearance between May and early July and disappearing during September. It apparently spent 8 to 10 months of the year on the bottom where colonies developed from spores deposited by the preceding year's bloom. The depth of spore deposition may be important in determining the success of spore maturation, and solar radiation may be a primary factor in inducing the annual return of this alga to the plankton. The maximum growth rate in 1966 was about 0.124 colony doublings per day. The vertical distribution of the colonies was controlled primarily by wind-induced currents. The colonies had no measurable effect on light penetration even at a maximum density of over 400 colonies per liter. Laboratory studies indicated that G. echinulata can fix nitrogen. Only one herbivore in Green Lake, Lindia euchromatica, is known to feed on this species. Notes: FLA 00243590
American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Copyright 1970 American Society of Limnology and Oceanography URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0024-3590%28197003%2915%3A2%3C224%3AEOOTPC%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 279 Author: Lange, Willy Year: 1970 Title: Blue-green algae and humic substances Journal: Proc., Conf. Gt. Lakes Res., 13th Volume: 1 Pages: 58-70 Accession Number: AN 1972:458578 Keywords: Fulvic acids Role: BIOL (Biological study) (blue-green algae stimulation by); Humus and Humic substances Role: BIOL (Biological study) (blue-green algae stimulation by, of lakes); Algae (blue-green, humic substances stimulation of, of lakes); Anabaena circinalis; Gloeotrichia echinulata; Microcystis aeruginosa; Nostoc muscorum (fulvic acid stimulation of); Waters (lake, blue-green algae of, humic substances stimulation of) blue green alga growth humus Abstract: The presence of humic substances in our lakes may be one of the more important factors which lead to the growth of blue-green algae. Fulvic acid significantly stimulated the growth of unialgal, bacteria-assocd. Cyanophyta in Zehnder and Gorham's medium No. 11. The conventional chelating agents, EDTA + citrate, had been replaced with fulvic acid. This natural chelator increased the no. of Anabaena circinalis, Gloeotrichia echinulata, Microcystis aeruginosa, and Nostoc muscorum by a factor of two to nine. The stimulating effect was apparently due to favorable chelation of Fe by fulvic acid and slow disappearance of fulvic acid from the growth medium. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 77:58578 10-2
Microbial Biochemistry Tanner's Counc. Lab.,Univ. Cincinnati,Cincinnati,OH,USA. Conference written in English. Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 280 Author: Gorbunova, N. P.; Zuong Dyk, Tien Year: 1970 Title: Effect of the concentration of nitrogen in the medium on the formation of heterocysts in some bluegreen algae Journal: Biologicheskie Nauki (Moscow) Issue: 3 Pages: 86-90 Accession Number: AN 1970:495690 Keywords: Anabaena (cylindrica and hallensis and variabilis, heterocyst formation by, nitrogen source effect on); Gloeotrichia; Nostoc (heterocyst formation by, nitrogen source effect on) nitrogen algae growth; algae growth nitrogen; growth algae nitrogen Abstract: Hormogonia of some species of blue-green algae (Anabaena hallensis, A. cylindrica, A. variabilis, Nostoc muscorum, a Nostoc species, and a Gloeotrichia species) were grown in media contg. N in NO3- and NH4+ forms. The N content in the NO3- form decreased more than the N content in the NH4+ form, when the first heterocysts were formed. The greatest no. of heterocysts was formed in the presence of N in NO3- form. Org. sources of N, esp. urea, inhibited development of heterocysts. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 73:95690 8 Microbial Biochemistry Mosk. Gos. Univ. im. Lomonosova,Moscow,USSR. Journal
0470-4606 written in Russian. 7727-37-9 Role: BPR (Biological process), BSU (Biological study, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), PROC (Process) (metabolism of, by algae, heterocyst formation in relation to)
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