This study covers the overall transport network development and demand, as well as specific issues of key sub-sectors, including international freight transport, interurban passenger transport, and urban transport. Overview of the transport sector is as follows:
Georgia’s transport network and modal share. Roads and railway are the backbone of Georgia’s transport network. The total length of road network in Georgia is over 20,000 km, of which about 1,500 km are international roads. The operational length of railway network is about 1,326 km, of which about 293 km is double-tracked and 1,251 km is electrified. There are four seaports in Poti, Batumi, Kulevi and Supsa, which together handled about 23 million tons of dry and liquid cargo and about 226,000 TEU of container cargo in 2010. Civil aviation carries marginal share of total transport but its volume is growing rapidly. Modal share of passenger and freight transport is shown in Table 1.
Table 1: Transport modal share in Georgia
Transportation Mode
|
Cargo Transportation (million tons)
|
Passenger (million)
|
2009
|
2010
|
Change (%)
|
2009
|
2010
|
Change (%)
|
Railway
|
17.1
|
19.9
|
16%
|
3.1
|
3.2
|
3%
|
o/w Liquid cargo
|
9.7
|
11.5
|
19%
|
Road
|
28.2
|
28.5
|
1%
|
309.5
|
317.9
|
3%
|
Civil Aviation
|
0.0122
|
0.0154
|
26%
|
0.772
|
0.918
|
19%
|
Total
|
45.3
|
48.4
|
7%
|
313.4
|
322.0
|
3%
|
Source: The Georgian Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development (2011)
Transit corridor. Georgia is located along an important international and regional corridor, Transport Corridor Europe – Caucasus – Asia (TRACECA), and well placed to absorb growing transport demands. TRACECA corridor through Georgia is the shortest route between Europe and Azerbaijan, Armenia and the Central Asian Republics through its Black Sea ports (Figure 6). The TRACECA corridor includes roads, railways, pipeline infrastructure and shipping routes, and connectivity and trading with its neighbors, both transit and bilateral, is important to Georgia's economy.CITATION Gla08 \n \t \l 1033 The Government recognizes that in order to realize this potential, significant investment is required to rehabilitate and modernize aging infrastructure, including rail, roads and port.CITATION Gla08 \n \t \l 1033 The Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development through its Transport Policy Department formulates main directions of the transport sector policy.
Figure 6: International Transport Corridors and Major Intermodal Junctions in Georgia
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