Social Studies Assessments Sixth Grade 1 Explain why and how historians use eras and periods as constructs to organize and explain human activities over time



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Answer: C
3. What is most likely happening to the country represented by the graph?


A. The population is growing.

B. More people are leaving than arriving.

C. The population is shrinking.

D. The population is staying the same.
Answer: A

4. When Hurricane Katrina hit the U.S. Gulf Coast in 2005, many Americans were forced to migrate. According to the map, which of the following states took in between 5,001 and 49,999 people migrating from Hurricane Katrina?




A. Texas


B. Tennessee

C. Arkansas

D. Kentucky
Answer: B

G1.3.1 Use the fundamental themes of geography (location, place, human environment interaction, movement, region) to describe regions or places on earth.

1. Which of the following states would NOT be considered part of the Southern region of the United States?


A. North Carolina

B. North Dakota

C. Mississippi

D. Alabama


Answer: B
2. Two cities are at similar latitude, but one is on the ocean and the other is further inland. How does being close to the ocean impact temperatures in these two cities?
A. Colder temperatures are found in the city closest to the ocean.

B. Temperatures don’t vary much in the city on the ocean.

C. Similar temperatures are found all year round in both cities.

D. Warmer temperatures are found in the city that is located further inland.


Answer: B
3. With changes in technology, more perishable products are able to travel longer distances. How does this technological change impact communities across the United States?
A. The U.S. can import and export more foods.

B. The U.S. needs more food to satisfy people.

C. The U.S. spends more money of food storage.

D. The U.S. has more farmers producing corn and potatoes than in the past.


Answer: A

G1.3.2 Explain the locations and distributions of physical and human characteristics of Earth by using knowledge of spatial patterns.
1. Large continents such as South America have many different ecosystems. As you travel south, away from the equator, the various ecosystems usually get cooler and drier. This is because ecosystems change based on
A. deforestation.

B. pollution.

C. latitude.

D. longitude.


Answer: C
2. Chile is a country located in South America with various elevations including high mountains and coastal lowlands. Why would temperatures in the mountains be cooler than temperatures found in the coastal lowlands?
A. Temperature stays the same at all elevations.

B. Temperature goes down as elevation goes down.

C. Temperature goes down as elevation goes up.

D. Temperature goes up as elevation goes up.


Answer: C
3. There are thousands of languages and various dialects spoken worldwide. Some are spoken by millions of people and others are only spoken by a few hundred people. The major languages spoken by inhabitants of South America originally came from which continent?
A. Australia

B. Europe

C. Africa

D. Asia
Answer: B



G1.3.3 Explain the different ways in which places are connected and how those connections demonstrate interdependence and accessibility.
1. Which geographical feature found in Mexico City, Mexico and Santiago, Chile contributes to the extremely high levels of air pollution in both of the above cities?
A. Both cities are on the coast.

B. Both cities are located in mountainous regions.

C. Both cities are located in deserts.

D. Both cities experience extreme changes in climate.


Answer: B
2. In 1972, Canada and one other country signed the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, which country was that?
A. Mexico

B. Russia

C. the United States

D. Great Britain


Answer: C
3. Which of the following is an important waterway in Canada because it is the connection between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean?
A. Baffin Bay

B. Strait of Juan de Fuca

C. St. Lawrence Seaway

D. Hudson Strait


Answer: C

G2.1.1 Describe the landform features and the climate of the region (within the Western or Eastern Hemispheres) under study.
1. Which of the following statements is true about the Canadian Shield region, in North America?
A. It is sparsely populated.

B. It has excellent farmland.

C. It is rich in natural resources.

D. It has a mild climate.


Answer: C
2. What river is a divisor between Mexico and the United States?
A. Rio Grande

B. Mississippi River

C. Colorado River

D. Salado River


Answer: A
3. Chile is a country located in South America which has several different elevations including high mountains and coastal lowlands. Why would temperatures in the mountains be cooler than temperatures found in the coastal lowlands?
A. Temperature goes up as elevation goes up.

B. Temperature stays the same at all elevations.

C. Temperature goes down as elevation goes down.

D. Temperature goes down as elevation goes up.


Answer: D

G2.1.2 Account for topographic and human spatial patterns (where people live) associated with tectonic plates such as volcanoes, earthquakes, settlements (Ring of Fire, recent volcanic and seismic events, settlements in proximity to natural hazards in the Western Hemisphere) by using information from GIS, remote sensing, and the World Wide Web.
1. What is in the picture showing?
A. Plate tectonics

B. Water damage

C. Erosion

D. Weathering


Answer: A

2. What is the biggest danger to civilizations if a volcano erupts?


A. Raining ash

B. Tidal waves

C. Plate tectonics

D. Weathering


Answer: A
3. Last November, the Grand Canyon experienced its largest flood in more than 8 years. For nearly 4 days that month, flow rates along the Colorado River rose 20 percent. The massive flood, rather than resulting from the storms that had soaked the region for months, occurred when engineers opened the floodgates to send extra water downstream. November’s flood is the second forced flood in the last decade designed to shore up the sandbars and beaches. The dozens of scientists who surveyed the canyon as the floodwaters passed through were happy to find that sediments restored the riverbank in some areas.

Which of these statements holds true about the flood in the passage above?


A. The flood was a result of increasing water flow rates along the Colorado River.

B. Scientists were caught by surprise that the flood occurred.

C. The flood damaged shorelines.

D. The flood was created to increase sediments and rebuild land.


Answer: D

G2.2.1 Describe the human characteristics of the region under study (including languages, religion, economic system, governmental system, cultural traditions).
1. Salsa, Merengue, Cumbia, and Mariachi are all forms of traditional Latin American
A. food.

B. music.

C. painting.

D. dress.


Answer: B
2. The two official languages spoken in Canada are English and
A. Italian.

B. French.

C. German.

D. Spanish.


Answer: B
3. Frida Kahlo, Diego Rivera, and José Orozco are all quite famous Latin American
A. musicians.

B. painters.

C. dancers.

D. writers.


Answer: B
4. Much of the culture from the Caribbean islands, includes food, music, and dance, all three of these are associated with descendants of slaves from
A. South America.

B. Africa.

C. Mexico.

D. China.


Answer: B

G2.2.2 Explain that communities are affected positively or negatively by changes in technology (e.g., Canada with regard to mining, forestry, hydroelectric power generation, agriculture, snowmobiles, cell phones, air travel).
1. How does traveling by airplane or jet help create patterns and networks between people?
A. It gives everyone communication technologies.

B. It helps people learn to how to communicate.

C. It helps people move quickly across the world.

D. It gives everyone affordable transportation.


Answer: C
2. Which of these is a negative impact of snowmobiling, a popular pastime, in Canada?
A. It has increased the tourist economy.

B. There has been an increase in people traveling via snowmobile.

C. It supports some local economies.

D. There has been an increase in accidental injuries.


Answer: D
3. One of the negative factors contributing to hydroelectric power generation is
A. it does not produce carbon dioxide.

B. it can damage the river environment.

C. it can reduce the cost of fuel.

D. it may be used for irrigation.


Answer: B
4. Explain a positive impact of the foresting industry upon the local communities in Canada.
A. It gives profits to international companies.

B. It uses older technology and machines.

C. It uses many different types of resources.

D. It provides employment for many of its people.


Answer: D

G2.2.3 Analyze how culture and experience influence people’s perception of places and regions (e.g., the Caribbean Region that presently displays enduring impacts of different immigrant groups – Africans, South Asians, Europeans – and the differing contemporary points of view about the region displayed by islanders and tourists).
1. Much of the culture in the Caribbean Islands, including food, music, and dance, is associated with descendants of slaves from
A. Africa.

B. Mexico.

C. South America.

D. China.


Answer: A
2. Historically, Canadian culture has been most influenced by the cultures and traditions of the British, French, and
A. Spanish.

B. Aborigines.

C. Chinese.

D. Portuguese.


Answer: B
3. Which statement best explains why the official languages of every Latin American country are European?
A. European ethnic groups strongly influenced the region.

B. The populations relate better to European languages.

C. Native languages are not as popular, so they did not spread.

D. Native languages have completely died out over time.


Answer: A
4. The holiday of Cinco de Mayo celebrates the victory of the Mexican army over the French army at the Battle of Puebla on May 5, 1862. This holiday includes music, food, and dance. Cinco de Mayo is celebrated differently in different areas.


Cinco de Mayo is an example of cultural expression that stems from
A. modern life in Mexican cities.

B. Mexican cultural holidays.

C. important historical events.

D. Chicano life in the Americas.


Answer: C

G3.1.1 Construct and analyze climate graphs for two locations at different latitudes and elevations in the region to answer geographic questions and make predictions based on patterns. (e.g., compare and contrast Buenos Aires and La Paz; Mexico City and Guatemala City; Edmonton and Toronto).
1. Guatemala City is the largest city in Central America with a population of 1.2 million people. It is located in a mountain valley at 14 degrees north latitude and an elevation of 4921 feet. It sits between the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea.

Mexico City is the capital and largest city in Mexico with a population of almost 9 million people. It is located in a mountain valley in a high plateau at 19 degrees north latitude and an elevation of 7349 feet.

Based upon the descriptions above, which statement best describes the climate graph and Mexico City’s lower average high temperature?


A. Mexico City sits further north than Guatemala City and has higher temperatures.

B. Guatemala City’s lower elevation keeps its temperature lower than Mexico City’s.

C. Guatemala City is at a higher elevation and so has lower temperatures than Mexico City.

D. The higher elevation keeps Mexico City’s average temperatures lower.
Answer: D
2. Two cities are at similar latitude, but one is on the ocean and the other is further inland. How does nearness to the ocean impact temperatures in these cities?
A. Colder temperatures are found in the city on the ocean.

B. Temperatures don’t vary much in the city on the ocean.

C. Warmer temperatures are found in the city further inland.

D. Similar temperatures are found all year round in both cities.


Answer: B
3. Edmonton is the capital city of the Canadian province of Alberta. The city of more than 750,000 people is located in the middle of the vast Canadian prairie at 53 degrees north latitude and an elevation of 2192 feet.

Toronto is the largest city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario. It has a population of 2.5 million people and sits on the north shore of Lake Ontario at 43 degrees north latitude. The elevation of Toronto is 249 feet.

Look at the graph and description of Edmonton, AB and Toronto, ON above. Their temperature graphs are very similar but Edmonton’s average high temperature is lower than Toronto’s. Which of the following best explains why Edmonton’s average high temperature is lower than Toronto’s?
A. Edmonton is closer to the Pacific Ocean.

B. Toronto’s climate is affected by the Atlantic.

C. Toronto is farther east than Edmonton.

D. Edmonton is at a higher elevation than Toronto.


Answer: D
4. The graph shows the average high temperature for La Paz, Bolivia and Buenos Aires, Argentina. The average temperature in La Paz is almost the same year round, but the average temperature in Buenos Aires is much colder during the winter months of June, July, and August. What might account for the differences in changes in average temperature?
A. La Paz is closer to the equator so temperatures are warmer than in Buenos Aires.

B. The Atlantic Ocean’s currents affect the climate of Buenos Aires.

C. Buenos Aires is located further south in South America than La Paz.

D. Weather fronts from the Pacific Ocean help to keep La Paz’s temperatures constant.


Answer: B

G3.2.1 Explain how and why ecosystems differ as a consequence of differences in latitude, elevation, and human activities (e.g., South America’s location relative to the equator, effects of elevations on temperature and growing season, proximity to bodies of water and the effects on temperature and rainfall, effects of annual flooding on vegetation along river flood plains such as the Amazon).
1. Which generality about Latin America’s geography is true?
A. Geographic features prevented European conquest.

B. Its harsh climate has prevented the development of large-scale agriculture.

C. The lack of geographic barriers helped the development of transportation and communication systems.

D. Great variations in latitude and landforms resulted in a diversity of climates.


Answer: D
2. In which way have the Andes Mountains and the Amazon rain forest affected the development of Latin America?
A. Promoting international unity

B. Increasing cultural diversity

C. Encouraging trade agreements

D. Strengthening political alliances


Answer: B

3. Last November, the Grand Canyon experienced its largest flood in more than 8 years. For nearly 4 days that month, flow rates along the Colorado River rose 20 percent. The massive flood, rather than resulting from the storms that had soaked the region for months, occurred when engineers opened the floodgates to send extra water downstream. November’s flood is the second forced flood in the last decade designed to shore up the sandbars and beaches. The dozens of scientists who surveyed the canyon as the floodwaters passed through were happy to find that sediments restored the riverbank in some areas.

Which of these statements is true about the flood in the passage above?
A. The flood was a result of increasing flow rates along the Colorado River.

B. Scientists were caught by surprise that the flood occurred.

C. The flood damaged shorelines.

D. The flood was created to increase sediments and rebuild land


Answer: D
4. Large continents like South America have many different types of ecosystems. As you go south, away from the equator, ecosystems usually get cooler and drier. This is because ecosystems change based on
A. latitude.

B. pollution.

C. deforestation.

D. longitude.


Answer: A

G3.2.2 Identify ecosystems and explain why some are more attractive for humans to use than are others (e.g., mid-latitude forest in North America, high latitude of Peru, tropical forests in Honduras, fish or marine vegetation in coastal zones).
1. The equator runs through the Amazon region of South America. This area has which of the following ecosystems?
A. Savanna

B. Rainforest

C. Desert

D. Tundra


Answer: B
2. What impact does yearly flooding have on the people who live near large rivers?
A. Yearly floods are a natural form of irrigation.

B. Yearly floods wash nutrients out of the soil.

C. Yearly floods make the ground more fertile.

D. Yearly floods keep people from living near rivers.


Answer: C
3. Which of the following statements is true about how South America’s ecosystem affects where people live?
A. Most people in South America live in the Amazon.

B. Most people in South America live on the coasts.

C. Most people in South America live in the Andes.

D. Most people in South America live in the interior.


Answer: B

G4.1.1 Identify and explain examples of cultural diffusion within the Americas (e.g., baseball, soccer, music, architecture, television, languages, health care, Internet, consumer brands, currency, restaurants, and international migration).
1. Which change in technology has most impacted the movement of people across the globe?
A. The Internet

B. Air travel

C. Cell phones

D. Automobiles


Answer: A
2. The United States and Canada are major hubs for the Internet. How does this impact the global community?
A. People no longer need cell phones to communicate across the globe.

B. The United States and Canada have more technology than other countries.

C. All North American countries have a stronger influence on global politics.

D. More U.S. and Canadian products, services, and ideas are spread worldwide.


Answer: D

G4.2.1 List and describe the advantages and disadvantages of different technologies used to move people, products, and ideas throughout the world (e.g., call centers in the Eastern Hemisphere that service the Western Hemisphere; the United States and Canada as hubs for the Internet; transport of people and perishable products; and the spread of individuals’ ideas as voice and image messages on electronic networks such as the Internet).
1. Call centers in the Eastern Hemisphere that service the Western Hemisphere are helpful for
A. providing hassle-free services.

B. bringing more jobs to the U.S.

C. building new U.S. businesses.

D. reducing costs to businesses.


Answer: D
2. Explain one disadvantage of using the Internet to find products and information.
A. It is faster than going to the library.

B. Some sources are not trustworthy.

C. Most stores sell their products online.

D. It connects more people at one time.


Answer: B
3. With changes in technology, more perishable products are able to travel longer distances. How does this impact communities in the United States?
A. The U.S. spends more money of food storage.

B. The U.S. needs more food to satisfy people.

C. The U.S. can import and export more foods.

D. The U.S. has more farmers than in the past.


Answer: C
4. The facts below describe how cell phones…

  • Over 1 billion people use them worldwide.

  • They can be used to find information and music.

  • They can be used to send text and email messages.

  • They can be used to take digital pictures.

  • People use them to express personal fashion statements.

A. have negative impacts on human networks.

B. have replaced computers for Internet use.

C. have become the only way people communicate.

D. have changed the ways people communicate.
Answer: D

G4.3.1 Identify places in the Western Hemisphere that have been modified to be suitable for settlement by describing the modifications that were necessary (e.g., Vancouver in Canada; irrigated agriculture; or clearing of forests for farmland).
1. In 2006, the governor of the state of Pará in northern Brazil signed a law that established protected areas in the Amazon Rainforest. This law created the world’s largest conservation area. In some of the protected area, unsustainable logging and slash-and-burn agriculture are banned. Access to other parts of the rainforest has been highly restricted so that only native people and scientific researchers can enter. Which statement best describes the environmental policy in the state of Pará?
A. The government has not been making an effort to protect the environment.

B. The government has placed the same restrictions on all areas which are threatened.

C. The government has placed the most restrictions on the most vulnerable areas and has fewer restrictions on other areas.

D. The government has removed most of the environmental restrictions which were previously in place.


Answer: C
2. In 1989, the government in Mexico City started a program called Hoy No Circula, which is known as One Day Without a Car. This program bans certain cars from being driven on specific days of the week based on the last number on a car’s license plate. The Hoy No Circula program is an attempt by the government to reduce
A. air pollution.

B. water pollution.

C. the number of people living in Mexico City.

D. the amount of trash in landfills.


Answer: A
3. The Yasuni National Park in Ecuador holds one of the world’s most biodiverse rainforests. This means that the ecosystem of the forest is filled with many important plant and animal species. Recently, an oil company threatened to destroy much of this biodiversity by building a pipeline through the national park. It was stopped by environmental groups, scientists, and a native tribe called the Huaorani.

The actions of both the oil company and those who stopped it are examples of


A. ways human settlements change over time.

B. ways human technologies can be used for good.

C. ways human political groups cause harm.

D. ways human actions impact the environment.



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