The promise of melatonin targets/ receptors as therapeutic targets in multiple therapy areas

76. Ryoo YW, Suh SI, Mun KC, Kim BC, Lee KS: The effects of the melatonin on ultraviolet-B irradiated cultured dermal fibroblasts. J Dermatol Sci, 2001, 27:162-169.

77. Xu MF, Ho S, Qian ZM, Tang PL: Melatonin protects against cardiac toxicity of doxorubicin in rat. J Pineal Res, 2001, 31:301-307.

78. Szarszoi O, Asemu G, Vanecek J, Ost'adal B, Kolar F: Effects of melatonin on ischemia and reperfusion injury of the rat heart. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther, 2001, 15:251-257.

79. Xu M, Ashraf M: Melatonin protection against lethal myocyte injury induced by doxorubicin as reflected by effects on mitochondrial membrane potential. J Mol Cell Cardiol, 2002, 34:75-79.

80. Arslan SO, Zerin M, Vural H, Coskun A: The effect of melatonin on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. J Pineal Res, 2002, 32:21-25.

81. Hsu CH, Chi BC, Casida JE: Melatonin reduces phosphine-induced lipid and DNA oxidation in vitro and in vivo in rat brain. J Pineal Res, 2002, 32:53-58.

82. Bonilla E, Medina-Leendertz S, Diaz S: Extension of life span and stress resistance of Drosophila melanogaster by long-term supplementation with melatonin. Exp Gerontol, 2002, 37:629-638.

83. Parmar P, Limson J, Nyokong T, Daya S: Melatonin protects against copper-mediated free radical damage. J Pineal Res, 2002, 32:237-242.

84. Gupta YK, Chaudhary G, Sinha K: Enhanced protection by melatonin and meloxicam combination in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model of acute ischemic stroke in rat. Can J Physiol Pharmacol, 2002, 80:210-217.

85. Bilici D, Suleyman H, Banoglu ZN, Kiziltunc A, Avci B, Ciftcioglu A, Bilici S: Melatonin prevents ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage possibly due to its antioxidant effect. Dig Dis Sci, 2002, 47:856-861.

86. Gorgun FM, Ozturk Z, Gumustas MK, Kokogu E: Melatonin administration affects plasma total sialic acid and lipid peroxidation levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J Toxicol Environ Health A, 2002, 65:695-700.

87. Tomas-Zapico C, Coto-Montes A, Martinez-Fraga J, Rodriguez-Colunga MJ, Hardeland R, Tolivia D: Effects of delta-aminolevulinic acid and melatonin in the harderian gland of female Syrian hamsters. Free Radic Biol Med, 2002, 32:1197-1204.

88. Leaden P, Barrionuevo J, Catala A: The protection of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids by melatonin during nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes. J Pineal Res, 2002, 32:129-134.

89. Srivastava AK, Gupta SK, Jain S, Gupta YK: Effect of melatonin and phenytoin on an intracortical ferric chloride model of posttraumatic seizures in rats. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol, 2002, 24:145-149.

90. Abdel-Wahab MH, Arafa HM, El-Mahdy MA, Abdel-Naim AB: Potential protective effect of melatonin against dibromoacetonitrile-induced oxidative stress in mouse stomach. Pharmacol Res, 2002, 46:287-293.

91. Martin V, Sainz RM, Antolin I, Mayo JC, Herrera F, Rodriguez C: Several antioxidant pathways are involved in astrocyte protection by melatonin. J Pineal Res, 2002, 33:204-212.

92. Rao VS, Santos FA, Silva RM, Teixiera MG: Effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors and melatonin on the hyperglycemic response to streptozotocin in rats. Vascul Pharmacol, 2002, 38:127-130.

93. Perotti C, Casas A, Del CBA: Scavengers protection of cells against ALA-based photodynamic therapy-induced damage. Lasers Med Sci, 2002, 17:222-229.

94. Kocic G, Djordjevic V, Vlahovic P, Kocic R, Pavlovic D, Jevtovic T: Antioxidants modulate adenosine metabolism in rat mesangial cells cultured under high glucose conditions. Ren Fail, 2002, 24:691-701.

95. Jaworek J, Leja-Szpak A, Bonior J, Nawrot K, Tomaszewska R, Stachura J, Sendur R, Pawlik W, Brzozowski T, Konturek SJ: Protective effect of melatonin and its precursor L-tryptophan on acute pancreatitis induced by caerulein overstimulation or ischemia/reperfusion. J Pineal Res, 2003, 34:40-52.

96. Mayo JC, Tan DX, Sainz RM, Natarajan M, Lopez-Burillo S, Reiter RJ: Protection against oxidative protein damage induced by metal-catalyzed reaction or alkylperoxyl radicals: comparative effects of melatonin and other antioxidants. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2003, 1620:139-150.

97. Jahovic N, Cevik H, Sehirli AO, Yegen BC, Sener G: Melatonin prevents methotrexate-induced hepatorenal oxidative injury in rats. J Pineal Res, 2003, 34:282-287.

98. Sener G, Tosun O, Sehirli AO, Kacmaz A, Arbak S, Ersoy Y, Ayanoglu-Dulger G: Melatonin and N-acetylcysteine have beneficial effects during hepatic ischemia and reperfusion. Life Sci, 2003, 72:2707-2718.

99. Chen Z, Chua CC, Gao J, Hamdy RC, Chua BH: Protective effect of melatonin on myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 2003, 284:H1618-H1624.

100. Mayo JC, Tan DX, Sainz RM, Lopez-Burillo S, Reiter RJ: Oxidative damage to catalase induced by peroxyl radicals: functional protection by melatonin and other antioxidants. Free Radic Res, 2003, 37:543-553.

101. Bonnefont-Rousselot D, Guilloz V, Lepage S, Bizard C, Duriez P, Lesieur D, Delattre J, Jore D, Gardes-Albert M: Protection of endogenous beta-carotene in LDL oxidized by oxygen free radicals in the presence of supraphysiological concentrations of melatonin. Redox Rep, 2003, 8:95-104.

102. Requintina PJ, Oxenkrug GF: Differential effects of lipopolysaccharide on lipid peroxidation in F344N, SHR rats and BALB/c mice, and protection of melatonin and NAS against its toxicity. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2003, 993:325-333.

103. Cabeza J, Alarcon-de-la-Lastra C, Jimenez D, Martin MJ, Motilva V: Melatonin modulates the effects of gastric injury in rats: role of prostaglandins and nitric oxide. Neurosignals, 2003, 12:71-77.

104. Erol FS, Topsakal C, Ozveren MF, Kaplan M, Ilhan N, Ozercan IH, Yildiz OG: Protective effects of melatonin and vitamin E in brain damage due to gamma radiation: an experimental study. Neurosurg Rev, 2004, 27:65-69.

105. Guajardo MH, Terrasa AM, Catala A: Protective effect of indoleamines on in vitro ascorbate-Fe2+ dependent lipid peroxidation of rod outer segment membranes of bovine retina. J Pineal Res, 2003, 35:276-282.

106. Yan JJ, Shen F, Wang K, Wu MC: Patients with advanced primary hepatocellular carcinoma treated by melatonin and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization: a prospective study. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int, 2002, 1:183-186.

107. Sperling O, Bromberg Y, Oelsner H, Zoref-Shani E: Reactive oxygen species play an important role in iodoacetate-induced neurotoxicity in primary rat neuronal cultures and in differentiated PC12 cells. Neurosci Lett, 2003, 351:137-140.

108. Ciuffi M, Pisanello M, Pagliai G, Raimondi L, Franchi-Micheli S, Cantore M, Mazzetti L, Failli P: Antioxidant protection in cultured corneal cells and whole corneas submitted to UV-B exposure. J Photochem Photobiol B, 2003, 71:59-68.

109. Sahin N, Onderci M, Sahin K, Smith MO: Melatonin supplementation can ameliorate the detrimental effects of heat stress on performance and carcass traits of Japanese quail. Biol Trace Elem Res, 2003, 96:169-177.

110. Basile M, Romeo C, Gitto E, Spitz L, Pierro A, Eaton S: Melatonin protects from, but does not reverse, the effects of mediators of sepsis on liver bioenergetics. Pediatr Surg Int, 2004, 20:263-266.

111. Gitto E, Romeo C, Reiter RJ, Impellizzeri P, Pesce S, Basile M, Antonuccio P, Trimarchi G, Gentile C, Barberi I, Zuccarello B: Melatonin reduces oxidative stress in surgical neonates. J Pediatr Surg, 2004, 39:184-189.

112. Kilic E, Kilic U, Yulug B, Hermann DM, Reiter RJ: Melatonin reduces disseminate neuronal death after mild focal ischemia in mice via inhibition of caspase-3 and is suitable as an add-on treatment to tissue-plasminogen activator. J Pineal Res, 2004, 36:171-176.

113. Gupta YK, Gupta M, Chaudhary G, Kohli K: Modulation of antiepileptic effect of phenytoin and carbamazepine by melatonin in mice. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol, 2004, 26:99-102.

114. Leja-Szpak A, Jaworek J, Tomaszewska R, Nawrot K, Bonior J, Kot M, Palonek M, Stachura J, Czupryna A, Konturek SJ, Pawlik WW: Melatonin precursor; L-tryptophan protects the pancreas from development of acute pancreatitis through the central site of action. J Physiol Pharmacol, 2004, 55:239-254.

115. Liang FQ, Green L, Wang C, Alssadi R, Godley BF: Melatonin protects human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells against oxidative stress. Exp Eye Res, 2004, 78:1069-1075.

116. Sahin N, Onderci M, Sahin K, Gursu MF, Smith MO: Ascorbic acid and melatonin reduce heat-induced performance inhibition and oxidative stress in Japanese quails. Br Poult Sci, 2004, 45:116-122.

117. Gorgun FM, Kokoglu E, Gumustas MK, Altug T, Cansever S, Kavunoglu G: Effects of melatonin on plasma S-nitrosoglutathione and glutathione in streptozotocin-treated rats. J Toxicol Environ Health A, 2004, 67:979-986.

118. Othman AI, al SS, el-Missiry MA: Role of melatonin in ameliorating lead induced haematotoxicity. Pharmacol Res, 2004, 50:301-307.

119. Sener G, Sehirli O, Yegen BC, Cetinel S, Gedik N, Sakarcan A: Melatonin attenuates ifosfamide-induced Fanconi syndrome in rats. J Pineal Res, 2004, 37:17-25.

120. Jou MJ, Peng TI, Reiter RJ, Jou SB, Wu HY, Wen ST: Visualization of the antioxidative effects of melatonin at the mitochondrial level during oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of rat brain astrocytes. J Pineal Res, 2004, 37:55-70.

121. Yildirim I, Korkmaz A, Oter S, Ozcan A, Oztas E: Contribution of antioxidants to preventive effect of mesna in cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in rats. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 2004, 54:469-473.

122. Siu AW, Ortiz GG, Benitez-King G, To CH, Reiter RJ: Effects of melatonin on the nitric oxide treated retina. Br J Ophthalmol, 2004, 88:1078-1081.

123. Feng Z, Chang Y, Cheng Y, Zhang BL, Qu ZW, Qin C, Zhang JT: Melatonin alleviates behavioral deficits associated with apoptosis and cholinergic system dysfunction in the APP 695 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. J Pineal Res, 2004, 37:129-136.

124. Feng Z, Cheng Y, Zhang JT: Long-term effects of melatonin or 17 beta-estradiol on improving spatial memory performance in cognitively impaired, ovariectomized adult rats. J Pineal Res, 2004, 37:198-206.

125. Ogeturk M, Kus I, Kavakli A, Oner J, Kukner A, Sarsilmaz M: Reduction of carbon tetrachloride-induced nephropathy by melatonin administration. Cell Biochem Funct, 2005, 23:85-92.

126. Padillo FJ, Cruz A, Navarrete C, Bujalance I, Briceno J, Gallardo JI, Marchal T, Caballero R, Tunez I, Muntane J, Montilla P, Pera-Madrazo C: Melatonin prevents oxidative stress and hepatocyte cell death induced by experimental cholestasis. Free Radic Res, 2004, 38:697-704.

127. Kilic E, Kilic U, Reiter RJ, Bassetti CL, Hermann DM: Prophylactic use of melatonin protects against focal cerebral ischemia in mice: role of endothelin converting enzyme-1. J Pineal Res, 2004, 37:247-251.

128. Feng Z, Zhang JT: Protective effect of melatonin on beta-amyloid-induced apoptosis in rat astroglioma C6 cells and its mechanism. Free Radic Biol Med, 2004, 37:1790-1801.

129. Flora SJ, Pande M, Kannan GM, Mehta A: Lead induced oxidative stress and its recovery following co-administration of melatonin or N-acetylcysteine during chelation with succimer in male rats. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy -le-grand), 2004, 50 Online Pub:OL543-OL551.

130. Batcioglu K, Karagozler AA, Ozturk IC, Genc M, Bay A, Ozturk F, Aydogdu N: Comparison of chemopreventive effects of Vitamin E plus selenium versus melatonin in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mouse brain damage. Cancer Detect Prev, 2005, 29:54-58.

131. Karabay G, Aldemir D, Akin E, Ogus E, Gur G, Boyacioglu S, Turkoglu S: The effect of melatonin treatment on oxidative and nitrosative stress in rats with thioacetamide-induced hepatic damage. Hepatol Res, 2005, 31:160-167.

132. Topal T, Oztas Y, Korkmaz A, Sadir S, Oter S, Coskun O, Bilgic H: Melatonin ameliorates bladder damage induced by cyclophosphamide in rats. J Pineal Res, 2005, 38:272-277.

133. Aydin MV, Caner H, Sen O, Ozen O, Atalay B, Cekinmez M, Altinors N: Effect of melatonin on cerebral vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurol Res, 2005, 27:77-82.

134. Oktem F, Ozguner F, Mollaoglu H, Koyu A, Uz E: Oxidative damage in the kidney induced by 900-MHz-emitted mobile phone: protection by melatonin. Arch Med Res, 2005, 36:350-355.

135. Kratsovnik E, Bromberg Y, Sperling O, Zoref-Shani E: Oxidative stress activates transcription factor NF-kB-mediated protective signaling in primary rat neuronal cultures. J Mol Neurosci, 2005, 26:27-32.

136. Wang WZ, Fang XH, Stephenson LL, Baynosa RC, Khiabani KT, Zamboni WA: Microcirculatory effects of melatonin in rat skeletal muscle after prolonged ischemia. J Pineal Res, 2005, 39:57-65.

137. Leaden PJ, Catala A: Protective effect of melatonin on ascorbate-Fe2+ lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in rat liver, kidney and brain microsomes: a chemiluminescence study. J Pineal Res, 2005, 39:164-169.

138. Korde JP, Srivastava RS, Mishra SC, Sharma AK: Time dependent immunomodulatory response of exogenous melatonin to killed Pasteurella multocida (P52 strain) vaccine in albino rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol, 2005, 49:227-235.

139. Brzozowski T, Konturek PC, Zwirska-Korczala K, Konturek SJ, Brzozowska I, Drozdowicz D, Sliwowski Z, Pawlik M, Pawlik WW, Hahn EG: Importance of the pineal gland, endogenous prostaglandins and sensory nerves in the gastroprotective actions of central and peripheral melatonin against stress-induced damage. J Pineal Res, 2005, 39:375-385.

140. Carrillo-Vico A, Lardone PJ, Naji L, Fernandez-Santos JM, Martin-Lacave I, Guerrero JM, Calvo JR: Beneficial pleiotropic actions of melatonin in an experimental model of septic shock in mice: regulation of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokine network, protection against oxidative damage and anti-apoptotic effects. J Pineal Res, 2005, 39:400-408.

141. Zhao J, Liu XJ: Antioxidative and immunomodulatory role of melatonin, sodium selenite, N-acetyl-L-cysteine and quercetin on human umbilical blood. Pharmazie, 2005, 60:683-688.

142. Tang XL, Liu XJ, Sun WM, Zhao J, Zheng RL: Oxidative stress in Graves' disease patients and antioxidant protection against lymphocytes DNA damage in vitro. Pharmazie, 2005, 60:696-700.

143. Garcia-Rubio L, Matas P, Miguez MP: Protective effect of melatonin on paraquat-induced cytotoxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Hum Exp Toxicol, 2005, 24:475-480.

144. Greish K, Sanada I, Saad A, Hasanin E, Kawasuji M, Kawano F, Maeda H: Protective effect of melatonin on human peripheral blood hematopoeitic stem cells against doxorubicin cytotoxicity. Anticancer Res, 2005, 25:4245-4248.

145. Fischer TW, Zbytek B, Sayre RM, Apostolov EO, Basnakian AG, Sweatman TW, Wortsman J, Elsner P, Slominski A: Melatonin increases survival of HaCaT keratinocytes by suppressing UV-induced apoptosis. J Pineal Res, 2006, 40:18-26.

146. Lochner A, Genade S, Davids A, Ytrehus K, Moolman JA: Short- and long-term effects of melatonin on myocardial post-ischemic recovery. J Pineal Res, 2006, 40:56-63.

147. Escames G, Lopez LC, Tapias V, Utrilla P, Reiter RJ, Hitos AB, Leon J, Rodriguez MI, Acuna-Castroviejo D: Melatonin counteracts inducible mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle of septic mice. J Pineal Res, 2006, 40:71-78.

148. Lee SH, Chun W, Kong PJ, Han JA, Cho BP, Kwon OY, Lee HJ, Kim SS: Sustained activation of Akt by melatonin contributes to the protection against kainic acid-induced neuronal death in hippocampus. J Pineal Res, 2006, 40:79-85.

149. Han YX, Zhang SH, Wang XM, Wu JB: Inhibition of mitochondria responsible for the anti-apoptotic effects of melatonin during ischemia-reperfusion. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B, 2006, 7:142-147.

150. Petrosillo G, Di VN, Pistolese M, Casanova G, Tiravanti E, Colantuono G, Federici A, Paradies G, Ruggiero FM: Protective effect of melatonin against mitochondrial dysfunction associated with cardiac ischemia- reperfusion: role of cardiolipin. FASEB J, 2006, 20:269-276.

151. Sharma S, Haldar C: Melatonin prevents X-ray irradiation induced oxidative damagein peripheral blood and spleen of the seasonally breeding rodent, Funambulus pennanti during reproductively active phase. Int J Radiat Biol, 2006, 82:411-419.

152. Sadir S, Deveci S, Korkmaz A, Oter S: Alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene and melatonin administration protects cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative damage to bladder tissue in rats. Cell Biochem Funct, 2007, 25:521-526.

153. Ganguly K, Kundu P, Banerjee A, Reiter RJ, Swarnakar S: Hydrogen peroxide-mediated downregulation of matrix metalloprotease-2 in indomethacin-induced acute gastric ulceration is blocked by melatonin and other antioxidants. Free Radic Biol Med, 2006, 41:911-925.

154. Matsura T, Nishida T, Togawa A, Horie S, Kusumoto C, Ohata S, Nakada J, Ishibe Y, Yamada K, Ohta Y: Mechanisms of protection by melatonin against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. J Pineal Res, 2006, 41:211-219.

155. Luchetti F, Canonico B, Mannello F, Masoni C, D'Emilio A, Battistelli M, Papa S, Falcieri E: Melatonin reduces early changes in intramitochondrial cardiolipin during apoptosis in U937 cell line. Toxicol In Vitro, 2007, 21:293-301.

156. Suresh C, Dennis AO, Heinz J, Vemuri MC, Chetty CS: Melatonin protection against lead-induced changes in human neuroblastoma cell cultures. Int J Toxicol, 2006, 25:459-464.

157. Zou LY, Liu SR, Li G, Huang L, Yang ES: Melatonin reduced volume of cerebral infarct induced by photothrombosis in wild-type mice, not in Cyclooxygenase-1 gene knockout mice. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2004, 7:4748-4750.

158. El-Sokkary GH: An autoradiographic study of cellular proliferaton, DNA synthesis and cell cycle variability in the rat liver caused by phenobarbital-induced oxidative stress: the protective role of melatonin. Cell Mol Biol Lett, 2007, 12:317-330.

159. Matejovska I, Bernaskova K, Krysl D, Mares J: Influence of melatonin pretreatment and preconditioning by hypobaric hypoxia on the development of cortical photothrombotic ischemic lesion. Physiol Res, 2008, 57:283-288.

160. Chetsawang J, Govitrapong P, Chetsawang B: Melatonin inhibits MPP+-induced caspase-mediated death pathway and DNA fragmentation factor-45 cleavage in SK-N-SH cultured cells. J Pineal Res, 2007, 43:115-120.

161. Perez MJ, Castano B, Gonzalez-Buitrago JM, Marin JJ: Multiple protective effects of melatonin against maternal cholestasis-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the rat fetal liver-placenta-maternal liver trio. J Pineal Res, 2007, 43:130-139.

162. Parlakpinar H, Acet A, Gul M, Altinoz E, Esrefoglu M, Colak C: Protective effects of melatonin on renal failure in pinealectomized rats. Int J Urol, 2007, 14:743-748.

163. Leaden PJ, Catala A: Melatonin and N-acetyl serotonin inhibit selectively enzymatic and non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids, 2007, 77:29-35.

164. Sharma R, McMillan CR, Niles LP: Neural stem cell transplantation and melatonin treatment in a 6-hydroxydopamine model of Parkinson's disease. J Pineal Res, 2007, 43:245-254.

165. Jou MJ, Peng TI, Yu PZ, Jou SB, Reiter RJ, Chen JY, Wu HY, Chen CC, Hsu LF: Melatonin protects against common deletion of mitochondrial DNA-augmented mitochondrial oxidative stress and apoptosis. J Pineal Res, 2007, 43:389-403.

166. Albendea CD, Gomez-Trullen EM, Fuentes-Broto L, Miana-Mena FJ, Millan-Plano S, Reyes-Gonzales MC, Martinez-Ballarin E, Garcia JJ: Melatonin reduces lipid and protein oxidative damage in synaptosomes due to aluminium. J Trace Elem Med Biol, 2007, 21:261-268.

167. Fischer TW, Zmijewski MA, Wortsman J, Slominski A: Melatonin maintains mitochondrial membrane potential and attenuates activation of initiator (casp-9) and effector caspases (casp-3/casp-7) and PARP in UVR-exposed HaCaT keratinocytes. J Pineal Res, 2008, 44:397-407.

168. Mathes AM, Kubulus D, Weiler J, Bentley A, Waibel L, Wolf B, Bauer I, Rensing H: Melatonin receptors mediate improvements of liver function but not of hepatic perfusion and integrity after hemorrhagic shock in rats. Crit Care Med, 2008, 36:24-29.

169. Carloni S, Perrone S, Buonocore G, Longini M, Proietti F, Balduini W: Melatonin protects from the long-term consequences of a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in rats. J Pineal Res, 2008, 44:157-164.

170. Paul S, Sharma AV, Mahapatra PD, Bhattacharya P, Reiter RJ, Swarnakar S: Role of melatonin in regulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 via tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 during protection against endometriosis. J Pineal Res, 2008, 44:439-449.

171. Das A, Belagodu A, Reiter RJ, Ray SK, Banik NL: Cytoprotective effects of melatonin on C6 astroglial cells exposed to glutamate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress. J Pineal Res, 2008, 45:117-124.

172. Yildirim O, Comoglu S, Yardimci S, Akmansu M, Bozkurt G, Surucu S: Preserving effects of melatonin on the levels of glutathione and malondialdehyde in rats exposed to irradiation. Gen Physiol Biophys, 2008, 27:32-37.

173. Chetsawang B, Chetsawang J, Govitrapong P: Protection against cell death and sustained tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation in hydrogen peroxide- and MPP-treated human neuroblastoma cells with melatonin. J Pineal Res, 2009, 46:36-42.

174. Valero N, Espina LM, Bonilla E, Mosquera J: Melatonin decreases nitric oxide production and lipid peroxidation and increases interleukin-1 beta in the brain of mice infected by the Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. J Pineal Res, 2007, 42:107-112.

175. Valero N, Espina LM, Mosquera J: Melatonin decreases nitric oxide production, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and lipid peroxidation induced by Venezuelan encephalitis equine virus in neuroblastoma cell cultures. Neurochem Res, 2006, 31:925-932.

176. Ozan E, Sonmez MF, Ozan S, Colakoglu N, Yilmaz S, Kuloglu T: Effects of melatonin and vitamin C on cigarette smoke-induced damage in the kidney. Toxicol Ind Health, 2007, 23:479-485.

177. Genade S, Genis A, Ytrehus K, Huisamen B, Lochner A: Melatonin receptor-mediated protection against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury: role of its anti-adrenergic actions. J Pineal Res, 2008, 45:449-458.

178. Mathes AM, Kubulus D, Waibel L, Weiler J, Heymann P, Wolf B, Rensing H: Selective activation of melatonin receptors with ramelteon improves liver function and hepatic perfusion after hemorrhagic shock in rat. Crit Care Med, 2008, 36:2863-2870.

179. Konturek PC, Celinski K, Slomka M, Cichoz-Lach H, Burnat G, Naegel A, Bielanski W, Konturek JW, Konturek SJ: Melatonin and its precursor L-tryptophan prevent acute gastric mucosal damage induced by aspirin in humans. J Physiol Pharmacol, 2008, 59 Suppl 2:67-75.

180. Petrosillo G, Fattoretti P, Matera M, Ruggiero FM, Bertoni-Freddari C, Paradies G: Melatonin prevents age-related mitochondrial dysfunction in rat brain via cardiolipin protection. Rejuvenation Res, 2008, 11:935-943.

181. Luchetti F, Betti M, Canonico B, Arcangeletti M, Ferri P, Galli F, Papa S: ERK MAPK activation mediates the antiapoptotic signaling of melatonin in UVB-stressed U937 cells. Free Radic Biol Med, 2009, 46:339-351.

182. Ceyran H, Narin F, Narin N, Akgun H, Ceyran AB, Ozturk F, Akcali Y: The effect of high dose melatonin on cardiac ischemia- reperfusion Injury. Yonsei Med J, 2008, 49:735-741.

183. Bas E, Martinez-Soriano F, Lainez JM, Marco J: An experimental comparative study of dexamethasone, melatonin and tacrolimus in noise-induced hearing loss. Acta Otolaryngol, 2009, 129:385-389.

184. Lahiri S, Singh P, Singh S, Rasheed N, Palit G, Pant KK: Melatonin protects against experimental reflux esophagitis. J Pineal Res, 2009, 46:207-213.

185. Chen Z, Chua CC, Gao J, Chua KW, Ho YS, Hamdy RC, Chua BH: Prevention of ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiac apoptosis and injury by melatonin is independent of glutathione peroxdiase 1. J Pineal Res, 2009, 46:235-241.