2nc – at: terrorism – link turn – at: HTIC report
This report’s methodology is terrible
Brazzell 11 – staff writer at The Policy Brief (Diana Brazzell, 6/8/11, “Another TSA Battle Brewing, This Time Over Privatizing Airport Security (Part 1),” https://thepolicybrief.wordpress.com/2011/06/08/tsa-privatizing-airport-security-p1/)//twemchen
Unfortunately, what the House Committee has produced is not an evaluation of privately- and publicly-managed airport screening systems. It is a comparison of data from two airports, one of which happens to use private screening and one of which doesn’t, that attributes all differences in screening costs and performance to the private or public management of the screening systems, with no consideration for the many other factors that might account for these differences (such as the age of the technology being used, the layout of the screening areas, or the type of passengers being screened). To point out just one major factor that I didn’t even see mentioned in the report: 15 million passengers on international flights pass through LAX each year, compared to 8 million at SFO, according to the U.S. Department of Transportation. I imagine having nearly twice as many international passengers to screen might slow down your efficiency a bit. The report goes on to make generalizations, based on this very shaky, limited data, about potential cost-savings from a nation-wide conversion to private screening. Unfortunately, the unfounded claim that privatizing airport security could save $1 billion over five years is now getting media coverage, when the truth is we really don’t know which system is better or cheaper. A post on The Heritage Foundation’s blog The Foundry glosses over the study’s serious weaknesses and claims in bold text that, “SPP saves taxpayer dollars,” and, “[p]rivate screeners are more efficient.” I’m not sure what caused the post’s author, Jena McNeill, to conclude, “The committee’s report makes a pretty compelling case… that privatization of screening functions makes absolute sense,” but I can pretty much guarantee that, if Rep. Mica asked the GAO to review his own committee’s report, they would tear it to shreds.
2nc – at: terrorism – link turn – performance first
Considerations of performance should precede those of cost
Brazzell 11 – staff writer at The Policy Brief (Diana Brazzell, 6/8/11, “Another TSA Battle Brewing, This Time Over Privatizing Airport Security (Part 2),” https://thepolicybrief.wordpress.com/2011/06/08/another-tsa-battle-brewing-this-time-over-privatizing-airport-security-part-2/)//twemchen
Here’s why we need to nail down a comparison of private and TSA-managed screening performance before we even start to look at costs: With goods and services that are simple to measure, such as providing garbage pickup or manufacturing license plates, it’s easy to determine how well a government agency or private contractor is doing the job and at what cost. When the good or service in question is a complex one like education or healthcare, measuring success is much more difficult and it’s harder to hold an agency accountable for the quality of services it provides. The performance measurement problem plays out differently for government agencies and private contractors. Government bureaucracy can hinder innovation and responsiveness, as we saw when the TSA refused to respond to public anger over invasive screening techniques. The million dollar question in that debate was a performance measurement question we didn’t have the answer to – was the TSA keeping us safer (i.e. performing better) by doing the screenings? If we had hard data showing that the answer was no, these screening techniques would already be gone. When private firms provide publicly funded services that are difficult to measure, the problem has less to do with bureaucracy and more to do with profits. Government agencies have a tendency to operate up to their allotted budgets, while private contractors try to kept their costs as low as possible to maximize profit. When it’s hard for us to hold private firms accountable for their performance, their incentive to skimp on costs is greater. This is why privately-run prisons have encountered so many problems and, as the LA Times reminds us, it’s part of the reason the TSA was created in the first place.
1nc – at: terrorism – no terrorism – generic
Robust cost-benefit analysis proves
Bennett 14 --- staff writer (Drake, “Given the Odds of an Attack, Do Airports Spend Too Much on Security?”, http://www.bloomberg.com/bw/articles/2014-01-10/considering-the-odds-of-terrorism-airports-spend-too-much-on-security)//trepka
Mark Stewart and John Mueller are here to alert us about the security at our airports. They want to warn us that it is too good. Or, at least, there’s too much of it. Their new paper is titled “Cost-benefit analysis of airport security: Are airports too safe?” The answer, the authors say, is most likely yes. Stewart is an engineer at the University of Newcastle in Australia and an expert in risk-modeling. Mueller is a political scientist at Ohio State University. They’ve written books, papers, and essays arguing that Americans greatly overestimate the risk of and impact from terrorist attacks, and that they’ve allowed that fear to distort their lives. (Mueller also, charmingly, has written a much-praised book on the dancing of Fred Astaire.) The point of the new paper is to perform the sort of cost-benefit evaluation of airport security that gets done by engineers and insurers and policymakers in other settings. “This kind of analysis is pretty standard for other hazards,” Mueller says. “For example, if you’re planning to build some underground shelters for tornadoes in Alabama, the questions are exactly the same: How many lives do you save? How much does it cost? What is the likelihood of tornadoes?” Stewart and Mueller calculated the cost of traditional airport security measures and compared it against the risk of an airport attack, the cost of the damage an attack would cause (in lives and property), and the efficacy of particular security measures in preventing an attack. Their finding: “Many of the assessed security measures would only begin to be cost-effective if the current rate of attack at airports in the U.S., Europe, and the Asia-Pacific increases by a factor of 10-20.” Reading the paper, two things become clear. One is that it confines itself to security measures that are meant to protect airports themselves, not airplanes. So the Transportation Security Administration’s scanners, pat-downs, and ID checks, the air marshals—all of that stuff is out of the authors’ purview. Still, there are many measures we take to protect air terminals as spaces—police patrols, blast barriers, not allowing cars to linger at the curb. And in the wake of November’s attack at Los Angeles International Airport, there is talk of implementing additional security measures. The second thing to point out is that Stewart and Mueller are looking at measures proposed to strengthen airport security, including vehicle-search checkpoints, hiring more skycaps to keep an eye on vehicles, adding curbside blast deflection and shatterproof glass, closing off the car lane closest to the terminals, and deploying more bomb-sniffing dogs. The paper doesn’t attempt to do a cost-benefit analysis of all the actual security measures now in place at the world’s airports. The authors’ skepticism about those—and the implied answer to the provocative question in the paper’s subtitle—is their extrapolation. As Stewart and Mueller readily concede, all sorts of assumptions go into this type of calculation. To account for that, they took care, they say, to give the benefit of the doubt to proponents of more airport security. In their calculation, they purposely inflate the benefit side of the comparison as much as possible, using figures at the high end of the scale for how likely attacks are, how much damage they cause, and how effective security measures would be in preventing them. Even after all that, they argue, the measures still look like a waste. Critics of this kind of coldblooded calculation (Mueller and Stewart priced a human life at $7 million) say the ultimate value of a sense of security is impossible to reduce to a dollar figure. But Mueller’s point is that we have to do these calculations precisely because terrorism is so politically and emotionally fraught. There are lots of things that we, as a society, could do to make ourselves safer but choose not to because of the cost, in time or money or restrictions on our freedom: A 25 mph speed limit on the interstate, for example, would save a lot of lives. With terrorism, Mueller believes, we are unable to think that way, and in a world of finite resources that means money that could be spent more usefully is instead going to feel-good measures that don’t do anything. “What’s your chance of being killed by a terrorist if you’re American?” he says. “It’s now about one in 4 million per year. Maybe that’s enough, maybe that’s not enough. Some people might say we can save some money and make it one in 3.5 million. What I’m trying to do is just apply standard analytic techniques to the hazards of terrorism.”
2nc – at: terrorism – no terrorism – generic
The risk is too low
ABC 6 (“Gunnedah votes against airport terrorism insurance”, http://www.abc.net.au/news/2006-07-07/gunnedah-votes-against-airport-terrorism-insurance/1796214)//trepka
Council general manager Max Kershaw says the council could not justify the extra insurance as it is unlikely a terrorist would ever strike at the airport. "In the area of the threat of terrorism to the Gunnedah airport, the council considers it a very low risk and therefore deem that the considerably high cost of insurance premiums is not warranted," he said.
Default to expert consensus
Houston Chronicle 10 (“More on airport terrorism”, http://www.chron.com/opinion/outlook/article/Letters-More-on-airport-terrorism-1696885.php)//trepka
Security fiasco Since the attempted terrorist attack on a plane on Christmas Day I have heard nothing but “experts” giving all sort of reasons and explanations and “assurances” that our government is watching the situation closely and will find out who is behind it.
It will only get better
Luling 14 --- HuffPost (Todd Van, “11 Things You're Terrified Of, But Shouldn't Be”, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/01/24/things-you-shouldnt-be-scared-of_n_4636971.html)//trepka
Flying is already far safer than car transportation and is only getting safer as aeronautical technology continues to improve. Despite the tragedies of 9/11, which greatly affected the airline industry, airplane hijackings and airport terrorism are extremely rare, and casualties even rarer. The skies are safe and there's nothing like looking out a window and seeing the world far below you. Don't let your fear keep you out of the airport. If anything, let their high ticket prices and general ability to be annoying do that instead.
DHS concedes
Ross 15 --- ABC News Chief Investigative Correspondent (Brian, “US Steps Up Airport Security After Al Qaeda’s 'Hidden Bomb' Recipe”, http://abcnews.go.com/International/us-steps-airport-security-al-qaedas-hidden-bomb/story?id=28194349)//trepka
American airports are increasing security measures across the country in the wake of dual terrorist attacks in Paris and the publication by al Qaeda of what counterterrorism experts say appears to be the most detailed, and potentially lethal, bomb recipe ever to be sent to their followers. The top security chiefs for major American airlines have been briefed about the troubling publication, according to a senior U.S. law enforcement official. Department of Homeland Security Secretary Jeh Johnson said Monday the Transportation Security Administration has stepped up random searches of travelers and carry-on luggage in addition to enhanced screening that was ordered this summer at “certain foreign airports.” Johnson said there is “no specific, credible threat” of an attack on the U.S. like what happened in Paris last week, but said that incident, along with others in Canada and Australia, and “the recent public calls by terrorist organizations for attacks on Western objectives, including aircraft, military personnel, and government installations and civilian personnel” made the need for increased security at American airports and elsewhere “self-evident.”
1nc – at: terrorism – no terrorism – hype
All hype
Hurlburt 14 --- served in State Department (HEATHER 11/4/14, Politico, “The Fear Playbook”, http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2014/11/the-fear-playbook-112489.html#.VbG8m_lViko)//trepka
“Terrorist threats are growing. Are we secure? Are we protected?” Onscreen, journalist James Foley kneels beside his executioner, who brandishes a knife. That ad by the National Republican Congressional Committee was taken off the air quickly, but last week the GOP doubled down on fear for its closing argument, producing an ad that evoked Ebola, ISIS, airport terrorism and Guantanamo detainees in a brisk 30 seconds. Throughout the midterm campaign season, beleaguered Democratic incumbents tried their own version of fear-based motivation, highlighting and hyping the possible results of GOP gains in Congress to boost their turnout. Fear is baaaaack. Or is it? For readers above a certain age, the greatest fear-mongering ad of all time is still Lyndon Johnson’s 1964 “Daisy,” which seized on the fear of nuclear war by juxtaposing a little girl picking flowers with a mushroom cloud. In recent decades, George W. Bush’s 2004 ads featuring a smoldering World Trade Center and victims’ families best capture its blend of explicitness, controversy, and effectiveness. Bush’s 04 “Wolves” ad, also widely remembered for likening terrorists to a pack of wolves, is derivative of a 1984 Reagan ad, “Bear in the Woods.” In the two election cycles immediately after 9/11, both parties used advertising that played on anxieties around terrorism—Republicans to stress the advantages of incumbency, Democrats to sow doubts about incumbents. Pollsters and consultants from both parties perceived that GOP ads stressing security and stability and reminding voters of the threat gave Bush a decisive edge in a very tight re-election campaign. Yes, fear has a playbook. And while the political environment has changed importantly in the last decade, many of the same dynamics still apply, or are lurking ready to resurface. The new media environment debunks fear fast, but heightens it faster. Our increasingly fractured and self-selected media lenses make it harder to reach everyone but easier to saturate target markets. The new fear playbook has four key pieces: tap into underlying social angst; find a gender angle; build from the base out; and, ultimately, regardless of topic, max out on the hype. It’s all about the hype. The politics of fear operate the same for Ebola and ISIL as for Y2K, flesh-eating microbes and mayhem at the border. Public health risk communicator Peter Sandman tells his corporate clients, “risk equals hazard plus outrage.” Much as policy wonks might wish it were otherwise, this equation does not change at the water’s edge. Last summer, the Obama White House and hawkish Republicans alike got a shock from the strength of American public opposition to military action in Syria. Chemical weapons in Syria, it turned out, posed little perceived hazard and even less outrage in American public opinion. A year later, videos of the beheadings of American journalists amped up the outrage and added a perception of hazard at home—and polls demanding action moved accordingly. Contrast this level of outrage with efforts, this cycle, to turn out women and progressive-leaning voters with dark predictions of what GOP majorities will do to women’s reproductive choice. The outrage that propelled Wendy Davis to national fame and Texas’ gubernatorial nomination has subsided—fear-based ads have little to feed from in the culture. The same is true of the more outlandish claims of Ebola-infected terrorists coming over the Mexican border. Tap into underlying angst: the fear of losing control. The sensation of loss of control after 9/11 was sharp and immediate. Public fear around Ebola spiked in early October when we learned that an Ebola-infected man had traveled to Dallas, but the panic almost immediately began to decline, despite intensive media coverage, as a national epidemic did not materialize.
1nc – at: terrorism – no terrorism – at: infiltration
Those people aren’t actual threats
AP 15 – (6/16/15, “TSA deputy says that none of the 73 airport workers with alleged ties to terrorism are actually security threats,” http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3126688/TSA-Airport-workers-alleged-terror-ties-arent-threats.html)//twemchen
The Transportation Security Administration says none of the 73 airport workers found to have unspecified ties to terrorism is actually a suspected terrorist or threat to aviation security. The TSA's deputy assistant administrator, Stacey Fitzmaurice, says a review concluded that they were not a threat. The Homeland Security Department's inspector general earlier found that the airport workers had terrorism-related activity codes associated with their names in a government terrorism database, and called them a 'potential transportation security threat.'
1nc – at: terrorism – airlines insurance solves
Levin and Schneider 13 – staff writers at Insurance Journal (Alan Levin and Jodi Schneider, 12/29/13, “Terrorism Insurance Extended to Four Airlines,” http://www.insurancejournal.com/news/national/2013/12/29/315652.htm)//twemchen
U.S. government insurance that guarantees airlines are covered against terrorism and war was extended for four carriers, including Virgin America Inc., that otherwise would have lost coverage at the end of the year. President Barack Obama extended the insurance for as long as one year while on vacation in Hawaii, according to the order distributed by e-mail. Congress must also approve the extension, according to the order. The companies covered also include Oracle Corp. founder Larry Ellison’s Island Air, an intra-Hawaii carrier based in Honolulu. The U.S. stepped in to guarantee that airlines could receive insurance after the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist hijackings. Most carriers remain covered under a law passed in 2002 and extended by Congress in a measure funding the Federal Aviation Administration into 2014. Virgin America, Island Air and two others weren’t covered by the extension, so Obama had to issue his order covering them, according to an FAA statement. “We have participated in this approval process every time our insurance has renewed since our launch in 2007,” Abby Lunardini, a spokeswoman for Burlingame, California-based Virgin America, said in an e-mailed statement.
***REGIONAL ECON
1nc – at: regional econ – at: georgia – high
Georgia growth’s inevitable
Humphreys 13 – staff writer at Georgia Trend (Jeffrey Humphreys, May 2013, “ECONOMY: GROWING FAST, AT LAST,” http://www.georgiatrend.com/May-2013/Economy-Growing-Fast-At-Last/)//twemchen
Georgia’s economy will grow in 2013-2014. In fact, it will grow slightly faster than that of the country as a whole. This should sound like a nice change from what you’ve been hearing from me. You may wonder why we are in better shape. What’s different? It’s partly because of political decisions. The world’s leaders have avoided the worst possible policy mistakes, U.S. leaders partially addressed the fiscal cliff, and Georgia’s leaders passed legislation that made our state more competitive than it was. Georgia’s GDP will grow by 2.1 percent. That’s not rapid expansion, but it beats 1.7 percent growth in U.S. GDP. There are two main reasons for Georgia’s relative improvement. The massive restructuring of the state’s private sector is now complete. This means our real estate bubble is over. Housing will be a tailwind rather than a headwind. That’s a huge plus. The second reason is that several large relocation and expansion projects will provide a boost to Georgia’s economic growth. Caterpil-lar is moving a manufacturing facility from Japan to Athens that will create 1,400 jobs; Baxter International is opening a facility that will create 1,500 jobs; and GM plans to create an IT Innovation Center that will bring 1,000 high-tech jobs. Why are we suddenly landing these mega projects? It has to do with cost, logistics and tax advantages. Georgia remains competitive when it comes to landing economic development projects. That’s partially because Georgia made several strategic shifts in its economic development strategy, including the creation of a large deal-closing fund. Fiscal resources are scarce, so this fund must be used efficiently. We should target industries that expand the economic base and have good potential for long-term growth. We must invest strategically and grow clusters in areas such as bio- and nano-technology, and, of course, we should encourage innovation-based companies. Demographic forces also help explain Georgia’s improving economic performance. Population growth and household formation both dropped dramatically in the wake of the Great Recession. The housing bust locked many households into their homes. That in itself does not reduce the number of households, but it delays moves to states like Georgia that traditionally benefit from large inflows of people seeking warm weather, a low cost of living and good jobs. Net migration to Georgia over the years 2008-2012 was less than half what it was in the years just prior to the recession. Due to both job growth and the housing recovery, population growth will expand at a pace that exceeds the national average: 1.3 percent for Georgia versus 0.8 percent for the nation. Although the restructuring of Georgia’s private sector is complete, the public sector needs a lot of work. State government has made the most progress, adjusting spending and staffing to reflect available revenue. The biggest remaining challenge is uncertainty regarding federal funding for mandated programs such as Medicaid. Local governments, too, will struggle with reductions in federal and state funding, pension liabilities and retiree healthcare costs. Many local governments have yet to fully reconcile their reduced ability to generate revenue with their spending and staffing levels. That’s mostly because local governments are extremely dependent on property tax for revenue. The property bust decimated both residential and commercial property values. Assessed property values almost always lag market values, so many local governments will need to make additional cuts. Restructuring is only just beginning with respect to the federal government. Although Georgia is not overly dependent on federal spending, such spending still amounts to about 7 percent of state GDP. The damage to Georgia will depend mostly on what lawmakers decide to cut. For example, the state will get hit very hard if the federal cuts are skewed towards domestic military bases. Georgia is making progress. It helps that the nation is continuing its economic recovery, even if it’s slow. It also helps that Georgia’s leaders have enacted some changes. Now we need to expand improvement to other areas – such as K-12 education – to assure that our performance is once again among the best in the country.
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