Pestvidéki Ásványbánya Vállalat



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Szinnyei, József (Joseph) (Pozsony, now Bratislava in Slovakia, 26 May 1857 - Budapest, 14 April 1943) – Linguist. In 1878, at the University of Budapest, he obtained a Ph.D. in Arts and a Dip. Ed.. From 1879 to 1880, he was on a state scholarship and he studied in Finland. Then, for a year and a half he was Editor of the paper, Ország-Világ (Land and World) rand, in 1881, he became an official at the National Széchényi Library, Budapest. From 1883 he became an honorary lecturer (privatdozent) in Finnish Language and Literature at the University of Budapest. From 1886 on, he was Professor of Hungarian Linguistics and Literary History at the University of Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania), where, from 1891, he also gave lectures in Finno-Ugrian Comparative Linguistics. From 1893, he was Professor of Ural-Altaic Linguistics at the University of Budapest, and in 1923-1924, its Vice-Chancellor. From 1928 he was Librarian of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; and, from 1896 for 34 years, Editor of the journal, Linguistic Proceedings (Nyelvtudományi Közlemények), and President of the Hungarian Linguistic Society. In 1899, he was awarded the First Prize of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (member since 1896). From 1927, he was a Member of the Upper Houses of Parliament. Initially, he dealt with the history of literature, while later he focused on the phonology and morphology of the Finno-Ugrian languages, and Hungarian language history. His works include The Origin of the Hungarian Language (A magyar nyelv eredete) (1883); Finnish-Hungarian Dictionary (Finn-magyar szótár) (1884); The Hungarian Language (A magyar nyelv) (1887, 1929); What did the Hungarian Language Sound like During the Times of the Árpád Dynasty? (Hogy hangzott a magyar nyelv az Árpádok korában?) (1895); Hungarian Comparative Linguistics (Magyar nyelvhasonlítás) (1896); Hungarian Dialect Dictionary, vols. i,ii (Magyar tájszótár I, II,) (1893-1901), and The Origin, Language and Culture of the Hungarians at the Time of the Carpathian Conquest (A magyarság eredete, nyelve és honfoglaláskori műveltsége) (1919, also in German 1920, 1923). His linguistic work appeared in German and in Finnish. – B: 0883, T: 7456.
Szirmai, Albert (Sirmay) (Budapest, 2 July 1880 - New York, 15 January 1967) – Composer and conductor. After completing his studies at the Ferenc (Franz) Liszt Academy of Music, Budapest, he became the répétiteur of the People’s Theater-Comic Opera (Népszínház-Operettszínház), where his first work for the stage, The Yellow Domino (A sárga domino) was presented in 1907. Later on, he worked as a conductor in the Modern Theater Cabaret (Modern Színház Cabaret), then in the Andrássy Boulevard Theater (Andrássy úti Színház). His popular operettas, staged at the King Theater (Király Szinház), were soon shown in Vienna, Berlin and London. He achieved his greatest successes with Alexandra, in London, and with Miska, the Grandee (Mágnás Miska) in Vienna, Milan, Berlin, etc. The best artists sang his chansons written for the poems of Jenő Eugene) Heltai, Andor (Andrew) Gábor, Mihály (Michael) Babits, and Ernő (Ernest) Szép. In the late 1920s, he decided to emigrate and, from 1928 he lived in New York; but his later works did not achieve success. He became Senior Editor of the music publisher Chappel. In his last years, he visited Hungary, where several times two of his new pieces were successfully played. His works include Belle of the Ball (Bálkirálynő) (1908); The Dancing Hussars (Táncos Huszárok) (1909); Bluebell (Harangvirág) (1918); Alexandra (1923); Legend of Tabán (Tabáni legenda) (1957), and Girls of Fairyland (Tündérlaki lányok) (1964). His work Miska, the Grandee (Mágnás Miska) was made into a feature film in 1948. – B: 0883, 1445, 1672, 1742, T: 7456.→Babits, Mihály; Gábor, Andor; Heltai, Jenő; Szép, Ernő.
Szirmai, Károly (Charles) (Temerin, now in Serbia, 27 June 1890 - Verbász, now Vrbas, Serbia, 6 October 1972) – Writer, poet and literature historian. He earned a Ph.D. in Law at the University of Budapest in 1914. First he worked as a clerk in Budapest; then, in the 1920s, he moved to Verbász, where he worked as an official in the local sugar factory until his retirement in 1955. He founded and edited the short-lived journal Light and Darkness (Fény és Sötétség) in 1910. His literary activity was united with the unfolding of the Yugoslav-Hungarian literature. He was a member of the Yugoslav Writers’ Association and the Pen Club from 1932. With Kornél (Cornelius) Szenteleky, he was co-editor from 1933, and Editor-in-Chief from 1937 to 1941 of the literary journal Shock (Kalangya). He regarded it as his editorial task to feature the entire Hungarian literature, allowing space not only for the writers of Southern Hungary (Voivodina), but also for the Hungarian writers of Czechoslovakia and Romania; from among the Hungarian writers he was the first to acquaint the readers of the journal with the names of László (Ladislas) Németh, Péter Veres, Lőrinc (Lawrence) Szabó, and others; he also developed close connection with the south-Slavic literary life. His first works appeared in Budapest journals Sunrise (Napkelet) and Hungarian Review (Magyar Szemle). After 1945, he took part in Yugoslav-Hungarian intellectual life and played an important role in organizing its literary life. In recognition of his volume entitled Music-making Remoteness (Muzsikáló messzeség) (1969), he was granted the Bridge (Hid) Prize in 1969. His works include The Poet of Death (A halál költője), study (1943); In the Storm (Viharban) short story (1952); Vortex (Örvény) short story (1962); Walls, Bare Walls (Falak, puszta falak) short story (1970); Self-seeking (Önkeresés) autobiography and poems (1970), and Evening of Words (Szavak estéje), studies, critiques (1978). His short stories also appeared in Serbo-Croatian. In his honor a literary prize was established in Verbász (now Vrbas) and Temerin villages in Vajdaság, Serbia. – B: 0883, 1257, 1031, T: 7456.→Szenteleky, Kornél; Németh, László; Veres, Péter; Szabó, Lőrinc.
Szirmay, András (Andrew) (Pazdics, now Pozdišovce, Slovakia, 18 June 1656 - ? after 1722) – Kuruc military officer. He was landed gentry from County Zemplén; during 1667 and 1670 he was a schoolmate of Count Imre (Emeric) Thököly in the high school of Eperjes (now Prešov, Slovakia); later he studied military architecture in Frankfurt an der Oder. In 1681, he took part in the Diet of Sopron, later joining Thököly. The famous feat of arms in the Thököly insurrection is linked to Szirmay’s name: the taking of the fort and town of Kassa (now Košice, Slovakia) in July-August 1682. As a reward, Thököly appointed him councilor of the County Szepes Treasury, and the artillery head of the Kuruc Army. In the 1690s he worked in the administration of County Zemplén, from 1697 he was the treasurer of Northern Hungary (Upland, Felvidék, now Slovakia). In 1704, he joined Prince Ferenc (Francis) Rákóczi II; and during the War of Independence, he acted as the sub-prefect of County Zemplén. Szirmay described the taking of the fortress of Kassa, entitled Accurata description citadellae Cassoviensis (published by Márton György Kovachich: in Scriptores rerum Hungaricum minores I., (1798). Lajos (Louis) Németh published his autobiography (in Történelmi Tár, 1882); Ferenc (Francis) Karsa published his More Detailed Diary (Részletesebb napló) (in Adalékok Zemplén vármegye történetéhez, 1896-1904). – B: 0883, T: 7456.→Thököly, Count Imre; Rákóczi II, Prince Ferenc.
Szirmay, Ferenc (Francis) (Budapest, 22 March 1916 - Auckland, New Zealand, 7 December 1985) – Sculptor and painter. He studied in Hungary, and traveled to Austria, Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Yugoslavia and Albania while on a study tour. Together with some other young artists, he organized an art show of their works in Budapest in 1939. During World War II, he was a war correspondent for the Hungarian Air Force at the Eastern Front. He exhibited between 1945 and 1956 in Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Romania. Szirmay took part in the 1956 Revolution and Freedom Fight, and consequently fled to Auckland, New Zealand in 1957. He worked at the New Zealand Herald for 21 years as an associate member. On the strength of his several one-man shows, he became a well-known Hungarian sculptor/painter. Among his works is the bronze statue God of the Sea, erected at the Tangaros Harbor of Tauranga Island. His other bronzes are Young Nick in Gisborne, and the Spirit of Napier in Napier. – B: 1220, T: 7675.
Szirtes, Ádám (Tápiósép, 10 February 1925 - Budapest, 27 July 1989) – Actor. He obtained his diploma from the Academy of Dramatic Art, Budapest, in 1950. First, he played at the Miners’ Theater (Bányász Színház,) and at the People’s Army Theater (Katona Színház). Later he became contracted with the National Theater (Nemzeti Színház) of Miskolc in 1952. Five years later, in 1957, he received a contract from the National Theater in Budapest and remained its member till 1973. Thereafter, he was a member of the Kisfaludy Theater (Kisfaludy Színház) of Győr, and from 1976 until his retirement in 1985, he was a member of the Thalia Theater (Thália Színház). Later, he still continued to play in the theater, in films and on television. His interpretation of simple folk stands out among his roles. His playing is characterized by savory phrasing, and simplicity. He entered into the history of Hungarian film-making with his first feature film role as Jóska Góz in A Foothold (Talpalatnyi föld). His roles include Bottom in Shakespeare’s A Midsummer-Night’s Dream (Szeniványéji álom); Balga in Vörösmarty’s Csongor and Tünde; Tiborc and also Petúr bán in Katona’s Bánk bán; János Hulla in Zs. Móricz’s Gentlemen’s Fun (Úri muri), and Sámson in Sándor Petőfi’s Tiger and Hyena (Tigris és hiéna). His more than 100 feature film roles include Foothold (Talpalatnyi föld) (1948); Merry-go-round (Körhinta) (1955); People Possessed (Megszállottak) (1961); Háry János (1965), Pansy (Árvácska) (1975); Captive Man’s Sons (Rab ember fiai) (1-2; TV, 1978); Golden Time (Aranyidő) (TV, 1986), and The Golden Age of Transylvania (Erdély aranykora) (1989). He was awarded the Mari Jászai Prize (1955), the titles of Merited Artist (1970), Outstanding Artist (1983), and the Kossuth Prize (1988). – B: 0883, 1445, T: 7456.
Szitnyai, Zoltán (Selmecbánya, now Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia, 27 May 1893 - Salzburg, Austria, 11 June 1978) – Writer. He attended High School in Selmecbánya and in the Jesuit Boarding School for Boys in Kalocsa. He completed his education at the University of Budapest, and became a civil servant in Győr, later in Budapest. His writings were published in literary circles and in daily newspapers. His novels vividly portrayed life in the small towns of the Felvidék (Northern Hungary, now Slovakia). Some of his novels were turned into movies; many were translated into German, English, French and Italian. In 1945, following World War II, he was condemned by the People’s Tribunal to five years of hard labor for his nationalistic articles. In 1949 he was freed and he left for Salzburg, Austria, where he worked relentlessly until his death. Altogether, he published twenty books, novels, essays, and a collection of articles. – B: 0883, 1672, T: 3240.
Sziveri, János (John) (Muzsla, now Mužla, Slovakia, 25 March 1954 - Budapest, 1 February 1990) – Poet. He attended high school in Mostar (Bosnia-Herzegovina) and Nagybecskerek (now Zrenjanin, Serbia); then he studied Hungarian Language and Literature at the Faculty of Arts of the University of Újvidék (now Novi Sad, Serbia). He was an editor of the literary column of the paper, Illustrated News (Képes Újság). In 1985 he became a drama critic of the People’s Theater (Népszínház) of Szabadka (now Subotica, Serbia). Among his works are Free Exercises (Szabad gyakorlatok), poems (1977); Dia-Songs (Dia-dalok), poems (1987), and What Wind Brought You? (Mi szél hozott?), poems (1989). He also did literary translations. He was a multi-faceted poet. He received the Sinkó Prize in 1978, and the Writers’ Association of Voivodina Prize (1988). To keep his memory alive, his friends founded the János Sziveri Prize (1991). – B: 1031, 1257, T: 7456.
Szívós, István Jr. (Stephen) (Budapest, 24 April 1948 - ) – Water-polo player, as was his father. From 1962 he was a competitor for the Gymnastics Club of Ferencváros (suburb of Budapest); between 1968 and 1980 he competed for the Gymnastics Club of the University of Budapest, medical section. In 1965, and between 1968 and 1974, he was National Champion seven times without a break, and in 1978 also National Champion. In 1964 he was the winner of the Hungarian People’s Republic Cup (and also in 1965, 1967, 1970, 1973 and 1974). In 1972 and in 1978 he was the gold medal winner of the Cup of the European Champion Teams and, in 1978, the gold-medal winner of the Super Cup. He was fifth at the European Championships in Utrecht. He won the bronze medal at the 1968 Mexico Olympics. He came second in the 1970 European Championships at Barcelona and the 1972 Munich Olympics. In 1973 he was World Champion at Belgrade and European Champion at Vienna in 1974. He placed second in the 1975 World Championships at Cal and was Olympic Champion at the 1976 Montreal Olympics. In 1977 he became the European Champion. He came second in the 1978 World Championships and earned a bronze medal at the 1980 Moscow Olympics. Between 1966 and 1980, he appeared on 308 occasions in the selected category. Szívós obtained a diploma in dentistry at the Medical Faculty of the University of Budapest and, from 1979, was a research worker, later assistant lecturer in the Pediatric Dental Clinic Department. At the same time, in 1981, he obtained a diploma as a specialist trainer at the School of Physical Education. Since 1983, he has been the leading trainer at the Gymnastics Club of Ferencváros (FTC) and, since 1986 he has been federal captain of the replacement-selected team. From 1991 to 1998 he was Executive President of the FTC; from 2002 he was in charge of the water polo section of the Central School of Sports. His son Márton is the Hungarian champion of the Budapest Honvéd team and a water polo player with a silver medal at the World Championships. – B: 2111, T: 7456.→Szívós Sr., István.
Szívós István Sr. (Stephen) (Szeged, 20 August 1920 - Budapest, 22 June 1992) – Water polo player, father of István (Stephen) Szívós Jr. He competed in three Summer Olympic Games as part of the Hungarian Olympic team. They won the silver medal in the 1948 Summer Olympic Games in London. He played seven matches and scored twelve goals. Four years later he was also a member of the Hungarian Olympic team, which won the gold medal in the 1952 Summer Olympic Games in Helsinki. He played six matches and scored 16 goals. At the 1956 Summer Olympic Games of Melbourne, he won his second gold medal with the Hungarian team. He played one match. – B: 1031, T: 7103.→Szívós Jr., István.
Szkhárosi Horváth, András (Andrew) (16th century) – Protestant preacher and songwriter. After leaving the Franciscan Order, he became an avid fighter for the Reformation. Between 1542 and 1549, he was a militant preacher of the Reformation in Tállya. Ten of his songs survived in the Songbook of Péter Bornemisza. In his song, On Two Kinds of Beliefs (Kétféle hitről) he compared the Roman Catholic and Protestant beliefs. In his song, On the Principality (Az fejdelemségről), he opposed the Hungarian aristocracy with a rare poetic force. He raised his voice against the oppression of serfs in his song, On Parsimony (A fösvénységről). His songs pictured the people’s plight and dreams as they were tormented by the Turks and the aristocracy. In his songs, the life of villages and country towns in the 16th century are depicted. He was the most important songwriter of the Hungarian Reformation. Áron (Aaron) Szilády published the new edition of Szkhárosi’s songs (1880). – B: 1138, 0883, 1257, T: 7103.→Szilády, Áron.
Szluha, Nepumuk János S.J. (John) (Gyalu, now Gilău, Transylvania, Romania, 23 August 1725 - Győr? 1780?) – Jesuit missionary. He completed his high school studies in Buda, where he entered the Jesuit order in 1738. His mathematical talent soon became evident. After his ordination, he taught in Sopron. In 1746, he applied for a missionary assignment with Dávid Fáy and József (Joseph) Kayling. They arrived in Lisbon in 1752, where they set off to the Maranon Mission in Brazil; they arrived in São Luis on 16 July; Szluha participated in mapping Maranhão (Brazil). In 1755 he worked with Fáy among the Guajara Indians, along the River Pisiare. In 1759 he was imprisoned on the order of Pombal, but his brother, General György (George) freed him. After he returned to Hungary in 1760, he worked in Győr, Nagyszombat (now Trnava, Slovakia) and Sopron. In 1963 he was an army chaplain. Until the dissolution of the Jesuit Order, he was a Rector at the Seminary of Győr (1770-773). – B: 0945, T: 7103.→Jesuits, Hungarian, in Latin America.
Szőcs, Géza (Marosvásárhely, now Târgu Mureş, Romania, 21 August 1953 - ) – Poet, journalist and politician. He completed his studies in Hungarian Language and Literature at the Arts Faculty of the University of Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania) in 1978. Until 1982, he was a journalist for the newspaper Truth (Igazság), in Kolozsvár; in 1982, he was a teacher in Lyceum No. 3, but until 1985, he was unemployed. He was an outspoken critic of the Ceausescu regime’s policy against Hungarians in Trasylvania (Erdély, now in Romania). In 1985 and 1986, he was a researcher at the Institute of History of Literature and Linguistics. Out of necessity, he emigrated in 1986. From 1986 to 1989, he was a free-lance journalist in Geneva. Switzerland. In 1989 and 1990 he was founder and leader of the Budapest office of Radio Free Europe. He returned to Transylvania in April 1990. Then, in 1990-1991, he was Secretary and, from 1991 to 1993, Vice-President of the Romanian Hungarian Democratic Alliance (Romániai Magyar Demokratikus Szövetség – RMDSZ), representing it as a Senator from Kolozsvár in Bucharest, as well as in the parliamentary meetings of the European Union in Strasbourg. His works include Did You Go across the Water? (Te mentél át a vizen?), poems (1976); The Hospitable Man, or Sindbad in Marienbad (A vendégszerető, avagy Szindbád Marienbadban), poems (1990), and Who Swapped the People? (Ki cserélte el a népet?), play (1996). He was awarded the Robert Graves Prize in 1986, the Attila József Prize in 1992. He was also active in the Hungarian World Federation. In 2010, in the 2nd Orbán Government, he became Secretary responsible for Hungarian Culture. – B: 1036, T: 7456.
Szohner, Gabriel (Artist’s name: Gabriel von Ursus) (Gyöngyöshalma, 29 December 1936 - ) – Poet, novelist and painter. He moved to Canada in 1956. His first short stories and poems appeared in Hungarian-Canadian newspapers, and he received a Canada Council grant to complete his work, The Immigrant, published in 1977. His English short stories and poems have appeared in Western News, Canadian Fiction Magazine, and other periodicals. He is a renowned painter, working in oil in a figurative expressionist style. He has exhibited in Toronto, Montreal, Hamilton, Vancouver and New York. – B: 0892, T: 4342.
Szőke Béla (Jósvafő, 21 October 1894 - Budapest, 19 November 1980) – Mechanical engineer, inventor, technology historian and candidate for a Technical Science Degree (1972). He participated in World War I, was discharged with the rank of lieutenant, and graduated as a mechanical engineer in Budapest in 1922. He started his career at the Weiss Manfred Works Co. (1922-1925). Following this, he worked as a design engineer at the First Hungarian Husbandry Machines until 1940. His remarkable achievement of this period is the combined wheat-sorting machine. After 1940, he worked mainly in management positions, designing various machines. With his co-workers, he successfully designed a transverse skiver machine, onto which he implemented a joystick control, which received the Grand Prix at the 1958 exhibition in Brussels. He retired in 1955, after which he started publishing articles, books and studies. In this period, he was involved with the history of technology, editing Our Great Technical People, vols. i,ii,iii. (Műszaki Nagyjaink, I,II,III) (1967). With his sister, Anna, he compiled a graphical perpetual calendar. He registered a total of twenty patents. His other works include Vibrations Occurring While Turning (Esztergáláskor fellépő rezgések) (1953), and Cutting Tool Geometry (A forgácsolószerszámok geometriája) (1966). He was awarded the Donát Bánki Prize (1963), the GTE Prize for Literature (1962, 1965), and the MTESZ Prize (1975). – B: 0883, T: 7697.
Szőke, Edit (Mrs. Edit Kiss) (Pozsony, now Bratislava, Slovakia, 12 March 1954 - ) – Writer, literary translator. In 1973 she completed high school in Pozsony. From 1973 to 1981 she attended a Hungarian-Slovakian course at the Faculty of Arts of the Komenský University of Pozsony, obtaining a high school teacher’s certificate. During 1980-1981, and from 1986 to 1990, she was the language editor of the Literary Review (Irodalmi Szemle); and from 1981 to 1986, Editor of the Madách Kiadó (Publisher); from 1989 to 1995 she ran the Free Time (Szabadidő) column of the paper Day (Nap). From 1996 to 1998 she was Editor, later Editor-in-Chief of the paper, Our Life (Életünk). In 1999 she was Editor of the Today Paper (Mai Lap). Between 2000 and 2007 she was Manager of the Madách-Posonium Culture Bookstore. She was a member of the PEN Club of Pozsony from 1989, and The Independent Hungarian Initiation. Her articles, notes, commentaries, essays, short stories and studies (translated from the Czech and Slovakian) on everyday life were published in the Literary Review (Irodalmi Szemle) and Day (Nap) (1991); A Real Danger: Indifference (Reális veszély: a közöny) was published in 1991; Our Pedants, Cleanliness-maniacs (Pedánsaink, tisztaságmániásaink) (1991), and Contemporary Small Encyclopedia of Hungarian Writers (Kortárs magyar írók kislexikona) (1989). Her Czech and Slovak translations into Hungarian include Burning-hot Kisses (Égető csókok), short story by J. Boček, with Mária O. Bertha (1987); The Identity Crisis (Az azonosságtudat válsága), essays by V. Havel (1991), and My First Calendar (Első naptáram); Leporello, By K. Dašková, (1991). She was the Editor of the Madách Calendar (Madách Naptár), with József (Joseph) Fazekas (1991). – B: 1083, 1890, T: 7456.
Szőke, Kató (Katalin Homonnay) (Budapest, 17 August 1935 - ) – Swimmer. Her father is Márton Homonnay, her mother Katalin Szőke, a backstroke swimmer. From 1947 she was a competitor for the Csepel Paper Works and, from 1949 the Budapest Kinizsi National Council of Workers in the Food Industry. Up to 1951 she won altogether 24 national youth championships. In 1954 she was the adult Hungarian Champion in the 100 m and 200 m free-style swimming. From 1950 she was a member of the selected pool. In the 1952 Helsinki Olympics, she became the Olympic Champion in the 100 m free-style swimming, and in the 400 meter relay. In 1954 at Torino, she was European Champion in both events. In the Budapest College of World Championships, she received a gold medal in both the free-style and the 400 m relay and came second in the free style swimming. At the 1956 Melbourne Olympics, she came seventh in the 400 m relay; after this, she did not return to Hungary; she settled in America, living in Toronto, later in Los Angeles. – B: 2111, T: 7456.→Homonnay, Márton.

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