SAP-ABAP DAY - 2
(ADVANCED BUSINESS APPLICATION PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE)
ABAP BASICS
1. SAP Architecture
2.work bench
3.ABAP Dictionary
4.Data types
5.Conditional statements , Loops ,open SQL
6. Internal tables
7.Modularisation
8.Srings
NOTE : ABAP is a '4th 'generation programming language meant for business applications.
It is not Case- Sensitive.
1. SAP R/3 ARCHITECTURE
DATABASE SERVER
(BACKEND) EX ,ORACLE
(Only one database server, so that all the people of the organization can share same data)
APPLICATION SERVER n
APPLICATION SERVER 2
APPLICATION SERVER 1 APPLICATION SERVER 1
(Application server Contains Software (SAP) to run the application)
PRESENTATION SERVER 1
PRESENTATION SERVER N
PRESENTATION SERVER N
PRESENTATION SERVER 1
PRESENTATION SERVER N
PRESENTATION SERVER 1
NOTE : Presentation Server - Frontend
Maximum Clients Under 1 Application Server = 126
Users = No Limit
CLIENT - It is a 3 digit number to uniquely identify organization which has its own data
TYPES : Master clients and Data Clients
FLOW OF R/3 ARCHITECTURE :
Database server => Application Server => Presentation server => Clients => Users
(1) (1........N) (1........N) (1...126) (1.....N)
........................................................................................................................
2. WORK BENCH
We can create and modify the application written in ABAP
Transactions are done using Work bench tools
All transaction codes are available in TSTC Table
For programming Navigation Debugging
Screen painter - SE51 Object navigator - SE80 SQL Trace - ST05
Menu painter - SE41 ABAP Repository - SE84 Runtime analysis - SE30
ABAP editor - SE38 Data Browser - SE16
ABAP Dictionary - SE11
PACKAGE : Storage location of data ( To Select package press F4)
TYPES : 1. Local ($TMP) 2. Transportable
3. ABAP DICTIONARY(SE11)
Centralized source of information for business applications.
@Tables : It is a 2dimensional data matrix consisting of rows and columns.
TYPES :
-
Transparent : Structure remains same both in dictionary as well as database.
-
Pooled
-
Clustered outdated Tables, Clustered are preferred over pooled
because key relation is maintained and secure.
Table Creation
PREDEFINED TAB DATAELEMENT
ELEMENTARY TYPE REFERENCE TYPE
DOMAIN PREDEFINED NAME OF REF.TYPE REF. TO PREDEFINED
NOTE : Under Technical settings TAB :
# DATA CLASSES (5)
APPL0 : MASTER DATA , APPL1 : TRANSACTION DATA , APPL2 : ORGANIZATION DATA, USR , USR1.
# SIZE CATEGORY (0-4)
@VIEWS : It is a mirror image of fields of related database tables
TYPES :
-
Database view : Only transparent tables are used, frequently used by ABAPers.
-
Projection view : Only 1 DB table is used in creation.
-
Help view : F1 = Technical information
F4 = Possible entries
-
Maintenance view : SM30 is used to maintain database tables
@ STRUCTURES : Doesn't contain data, can have data only at runtime.
Used to add extra fields to DB Tables.
TYPES
-
APPEND Structure : 1 table
-
INCLUDE Structure : N tables
@SEARCH HELP : Used to get possible entries of a table field (F4)
TYPES
-
Elementary Search Help : Single search path
-
Collective Search Help : Multiple search path
@ LOCK OBJECTS : Used to synchronize access to same data by more than 1 user.
TYPES
-
Exclusive lock
-
Shared lock
-
Exclusive but not cumulative lock
@ MATCH CODES : Helps to search for data records in the system.
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