4.1. IMPACT MITIGATION PLAN
The environmental impacts and the associated mitigation measures related to the renewal of pipes of the secondary water supply network and the sewerage system as well as the construction of stormwater drainage network for the area shown in Fig. 1.1, are presented in this section of the report. Here it should be noted that the service characteristics of the three investments are different from each other, however, their construction reflects significant similarities, i.e., excavation, pipe replacement and backfilling. Therefore “impact mitigations” and “monitoring” plans of the three projects are given in two different tables (Table 4.1. and 4.2.).
The construction and operational phases of the project will have some environmental impacts. Construction works including excavation (manual/machinery), base preparation of canal trenches, pipe replacement, backfill (trench fills for pipelines), construction of manholes asphalting and paving activities are expected to create various environmental impacts including dust formation, noise pollution, traffic problems as well as problems with public health and occupational safety and waste (including hazardous material) disposal. The potential environmental impacts of these tasks during construction and operation phases are presented in Table 4.1. A schematic summary of the table is given in Fig. 4.1a and Fig. 4.1b. Detailed descriptions of these issues are presented in the table. When this table is created, first environmental impacts are determined with regards to particular tasks to be completed. Then, possible mitigation measures are determined and included in the table. This table also includes the costs of these mitigation measures as well as the related organization/institution that would be responsible from the mitigation action.
Similarly, possible environmental impacts arising in the operation phase of the project are also summarized in Table 4.1. Major impacts among them mainly comprise noise pollution, dust formation and air pollution, traffic problem, aesthetic impacts, problems with public health and occupational safety, and particularly for sewerage, gas emissions (hydrogen sulfide formed as a result of the development of anaerobic conditions), and mosquito problem. Mitigation measures to minimize/prevent these impacts are also proposed in the same table. Moreover, responsible institutions/organizations are defined and the cost of prevention measures is presented.
In addition to these impacts and mitigation actions, the contractor company should, at the beginning, prepare a “waste management plan” and a “pollution prevention plan” in which, disposal methods for wastes are described prior to starting to work. In this context, priority should be given to the re-use of excavation material within the construction site (such as backfill material). Before construction starts, related institutions and organizations (Municipality, Electricity Distribution Company-TEDAS, if available Natural Gas Distribution and Operation Company, TELEKOM) should be informed. During construction and operation, when needed, water supply cut offs should preferably be applied between 12 pm-06 am when public would be influenced the least. Public should be informed 24 hours in advance prior to water cut off.
4.2. MONITORING PLAN
In this section of the report, a “Monitoring Plan” for the project was created, which would give responsibility to various organizations/institutions for evaluating the effectiveness of the mitigation measures discussed in the previous section during construction and operational phases of the project. The details of this plan are presented in Table 4.2.
One of the environmental problems experienced in Turkey is illegal dumping. Many times, the trucker could dump its load to a closer location than he is supposed to carry. Hence, weighing the dump material both at the construction site and at the dump site is introduced in the monitoring plan as a mitigation action for illegal dumping. Although this issue might seem odd and not directly related to environmental management, it is deemed to be the only way to prevent illegal dumping of construction waste.
The monitoring plan activities will be conducted in direct coordination with the “Public Relations Unit-PRU” to be formed by the contractor such that monitoring might need to be modified according to the complains of the general public.
Figure 4.1a. Potential impacts and issues considered in the mitigation plan for construction stage
Figure 4.1b. Potential impacts and issues considered in the mitigation plan for operation stage
Table 4.1. Impact Mitigation Plan
|
Phase
|
Impact
|
Issue
|
Mitigation measures
|
Cost of mitigation measures a
|
Institutional responsibility b
|
Construction
|
Waste disposal
|
Excavation waste
|
Excavation material will be piled next to the trench until they are reused as backfilling. This material will not be stored next to the trench for more than one week. The remaining waste excavation material will be kept in temporary storage containers. Temporary storage containers will be yellow colored and type of the waste materials will be indicated on the containers. Domestic and hazardous wastes will not be disposed in these temporary containers. Containers filled with waste will be collected and transported to storage or recycling facilities by municipality or authorized companies.
According to the Regulation on “Controlling of Excavation Soil, Construction and Debris Waste” asphalt and concrete waste will be transferred to Kumkisik landfill site.
Sand and pebble will be reused in the construction or will be transferred to the area provided by the municipality.
|
Included in construction costs.
|
Contractor
|
Pipe waste (except AC pipes)
|
The portion of waste pipes originating from the replacement of old pipes in the system which could not be reused and/or recycled (such as selling various old pipes, vanes and fittings to scrap dealers) will be disposed in the Kumkisik landfill site. These would be stored in temporary storage containers until transferred from the construction site.
|
Asbestos Cement (AC) Pipes
|
All waste AC pipe components will be wrapped in sheeting, secured with tape, and labeled prior to disposal. Prepackaged and labeled asbestos waste items will then be transported in containers or truckbeds to the IZAYDAS Hazardous Waste Landfill Site. The transportation will be provided by licensed companies (vehicles). Workers dealing with these wastes will use protective masks.
|
Included in construction costs.
|
Contractor
|
Construction
|
Waste
disposal (contd.)
|
Asbestos Cement Pipes-AC pipes (contd.)
|
Precautions related to the workers are presented in details in the following sections under the heading “Public Health and Occupational Safety.
|
Included in construction costs.
|
Contractor
|
Hazardous waste (waste oil from vehicles, batteries and accumulators, antifreeze and other chemical substances)
|
Waste oils originating from machinery and vehicles will be stored in impervious tanks and containers that would be situated on impervious foundation in accordance with the “Regulation on Control of Waste Oils”. Tanks and containers will be equipped with apparatus that would prevent over filling and will be filled till the designated level mark. Tanks and containers will have a red color and must be labeled as “waste oil”. Disposal of waste oils will be controlled by the Municipality.
Used batteries from construction site and accumulators from vehicles will be disposed in compliance with the consumer responsibilities specified in Article 13 of the "Regulation on Control of Used Batteries and Accumulators". Accordingly, used batteries will be collected separately (from municipal wastes) and transferred to the designated collection sites of the Union of Transportable Battery Manufacturers (TAP).
All other hazardous materials will disposed in accordance with the Turkish Regulation numbered 22387 dated 14 March 2005 in Official Gazette “Regulation on Control of Hazardous Wastes“. In this context, the characteristics of waste generated will first be determined by accredited laboratories. If waste is defined to be as hazardous material, records will be kept and waste will later be transferred to licensed waste recycling or disposal facilities by proper packaging and labeling procedures that complies with this regulation.
|
Included in construction costs.
|
Contractor
|
Construction
|
Waste
disposal (contd.)
|
Hazardous waste (contd.)
|
Hazardous wastes will be stored at the construction site away from buildings in impermeable and safe containers placed on concrete ground that are produced according to regulation. These containers will be labeled “Hazardous Material”. Those wastes will be transported by contractors licensed to handle these materials. Finally, wastes will be sent to IZAYDAS Hazardous Waste Landfill Site to be disposed at the special area reserved for hazardous wastes.
|
|
|
Solid wastes (from construction site staff)
|
Solid waste in construction site will be collected and stored in containers and will be transported daily by the Municipality to the Kumkisik landfill site located at Kumkisik district.
|
Included in construction costs.
|
Contractor
|
Domestic wastewater (from construction site staff)
|
Wastewater in construction site will be properly collected. In this scope, if possible, connection to the existing sewer system via a manhole will be provided. If not, wastewater will be collected in constructed impervious septic tanks in or next to the construction site. The tanks will be emptied by sewage trucks when it is filled and will either be disposed to the sewer system from a point determined by the Municipality or will directly be transferred to the inlet of the municipal wastewater treatment plant. During canal excavation in highly populated areas, portable toilets will be supplied for the workers.
|
Dust formation and air pollution
|
Excavation
Trench filling
Paving and asphalting
Transportation
|
The top layers of the excavated material will be wetted to prevent dust formation (especially in dry and windy weathers).
Protection barriers will be used in construction sites depending on wind conditions.
Trucks, carrying excavated material, will be covered and their bodies be controlled against spill, scatter etc. In case of scattering to road surfaces, the surface will be cleaned as soon as possible.
|
Included in construction costs.
|
Contractor
|
Construction
|
Dust formation and air pollution
(contd.)
|
|
The transportation route for the excavation material will be determined carefully such that densely populated areas are avoided. Moreover, these roads will be rehabilitated.
In dry weathers, roads with heavy traffic will be wetted 3 times a day where as all other project related roads are wetted once a day.
Routine control and maintenance of vehicles used in transportation activities will be conducted regularly (daily and periodically). Daily maintenance will be carried out in each shift; and working time of each vehicle will be registered by the operator in order to follow the total working hours for periodic maintenances. Periodic maintenances will be conducted at every 50, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 working hours. Maintenance forms will be filled regularly.
All vehicles used in transportation activities will be issued an emission control stamp which is renewed every year by measuring the emissions from the exhausts.
Speed limits must be strictly obeyed for all vehicles used in transportation activities. On roads with bad surfaces, it is proposed to that a speed limit of 30 km/hour will be followed.
|
Included in construction costs.
|
Contractor
|
Construction
|
Noise
|
Excavation
Pipe placement / replacement
Trench filling
Paving and Asphalting
Transportation
|
Noise barriers will be installed around the construction site.
Principles given in the Turkish Regulation numbered 25862 and dated 01.07.2005 in Official Gazette “Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise” will be followed. According to this regulation noise levels of operation machines at construction site will not exceed the limit LCmax: 100 dBC. To achieve these levels, silencer devices will be mounted to all vehicles and equipments.
Routine maintenance of all vehicles and equipments used for excavation, construction, pipe installation and asphalting will be done regularly. For the maintenance of transportation vehicles (e.g trucks) the “distance” is the key factor for maintenance scheduling. For the purposes of this EMP, this distance is proposed as 5000 km. Additionally 100 hr working time is suggested for work vehicles such as excavator, forklift.
Construction works will be performed between 07:00 - 19:00 hours. Unless absolutely necessary, no construction activities will be done at night. In case night operations are deemed necessary and the noise levels would be high, public will be informed 1 week in advance.
|
Included in construction costs.
|
Contractor
|
Traffic
|
Influence of construction activities on local traffic
Partial or complete road blockage due to construction activities
|
Before construction starts, public will be informed about the details of work (route of the blocking roads & duration, diversion of traffic etc.)
The traffic department will work in coordination with the Municipality and the Contractor. When road blocking are necessary, official permits will be obtained from Provincial Directorate of Traffic and the route & duration of blockage will be determined.
|
No cost
|
Contractor / Municipality
|
Construction
|
Traffic (contd.)
|
|
Necessary signboards and warning lights will be provided when the city roads are blocked and will not be removed until work is finished.
Alternative routes will be determined and transportation will be programmed according to intensity of traffic.
Asphalt will be provided from the plant which has a valid operating permit.
|
|
|
Destruction of the archaeological artifacts
|
Excavation
|
Before construction works start, Ministry of Culture and Tourism will be informed about the excavation site and trench depths in case there might be archaeological artifacts in the project area.
If archaeological artifacts unearth accidentally during the construction works, responsible authority will be informed immediately. Excavation will be stopped until the permits from the related authority are taken.
|
No cost
|
Contractor / Municipality
|
Public health & Occupational safety
|
Excavation
Pipe placement / replacement
Trench filling
Paving and Asphalting
Transportation
|
Entrance of public (especially children) to the construction site will be prevented using warning signs & lights, plastic bands and barriers etc.
Trenches and other excavation sites on unstable materials will be sheeted (eg. Propped sheet pile wall) and braced to prevent caving or collapse of the side walls (sheeting is the term applied to the planks in actual contact with the trench sides. Braces are crosspieces extending from one side to the other).
Technical controllers will be present at site during construction. It will be the duty of the controller to ensure that all protective measures against accidents comply with the provisions specified in the Regulations.
Inlet structures of stormwater drainage system should be fixed enough to prevent damaging and stealing.
|
Included in construction costs.
|
Contractor
|
Construction
|
Public health & Occupational safety
(contd.)
|
|
Passageways will be provided for pedestrians. Platforms will be used for entry/exit to buildings and shops and these platforms will not be less than 60 cm wide. These platforms will be equipped with chains, plastic bands or wooden barriers on the sides and will be illuminated when necessary.
No excavation will be made during rainy days. Construction will continue with necessary precautions against slipping events (cleaning of wet surfaces and laying anti-slip materials) after rain ceases.
In the excavations made by excavators, bulldozers and similar machines, no one will be present within the movement area of these machines, and only authorized personnel will operate these machines.
The related regulations of Labor Law numbered 4857 such as “Regulation on Occupational Health and Safety”, “Regulation on Noise”, “Regulation on Health and Safety at Construction Works” and “Regulation on Using of Personal Protective Equipments at Work Places” will be followed.
These regulations comprise measures that will be taken and protective equipments such as respiratory masks, disposable coveralls and gloves, safety footwear. It will be the duty of the employer to ensure that, where applicable, all personal protective equipment should comply with the provisions specified in the Regulations and will be available.
Workers and staff will be required personal protective wear including protective cloths and hard hats.
|
Included in construction costs.
|
Contractor
|
Construction
|
Public health & Occupational safety
(contd.)
|
|
Access to the asbestos area will be restricted using barricades and warning signs will be posted. AC pipes will be wetted to reduce dust. Adequate water will be used during cutting of the AC pipes to control fibers, dust, etc. Workers will use respirators (not just dust masks) and full body coverings.
All waste AC pipe components will be wrapped in sheeting, secured with tape, and labeled prior to disposal. Prepackaged and labeled asbestos waste items will be transported by contractors having license to handle these materials. Afterwards, they will be deposited in the IZAYDAS Hazardous Waste Landfill Site for final disposal.
|
Included in construction costs.
|
Contractor
|
Aesthetic impacts
|
Excavation
Pipe placement / replacement
Trench filling
Paving and Asphalting
Destruction of green spaces
|
Barriers will be used in order to prevent visual annoyance during the construction works. Placement of barriers and separators around the construction site may provide mitigation to aesthetic pollution. In this context, city pictures could be printed on these barriers and separators.
Construction material should be stored in protected and covered spaces.
All roads, pavements, walls etc that are deformed during construction activities will be rehabilitated to their original status.
Similarly, destructed green spaces will be replanted and uprooted trees will be implanted at different sites by cooperating with relevant institutions.
|
Included in construction costs
|
Contractor
|
Pre-operational hygiene
|
Pipe placement / replacement
Installation
|
Pipes, valves, fittings, fire hoses etc. will be cleaned and disinfected prior to operation.
Ends of placed pipe will be closed to prevent pollution.
|
Included in construction costs.
|
Contractor
Consultant
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operation
|
Waste disposal
|
Waste material from maintenance works
|
Recycling possibilities will be evaluated and remaining waste materials will be sent to Kumkisik landfill site.
|
Included in operational costs.
|
Municipality
|
Waste from sewer cleaning
|
Material from canal cleaning will be stored at a site designated by the municipality after all hygienic precautions are taken.
|
Hazardous material (paint, batteries, accumulators, waste oil etc.)
|
All hazardous wastes will be disposed in accordance with the Turkish Regulation numbered 22387 dated 14 March 2005 in Official Gazette “Regulation on Control of Hazardous Wastes“. In this context, the characteristics of waste generated will first be determined by accredited laboratories. If waste is defined to be as hazardous material, records will be kept and waste will later be transferred to licensed waste recycling or disposal facilities proper packaging and labeling procedures that complies with this regulation.
In this scope, hazardous waste (paint, waste oil etc.) will be stored temporarily in an area thought fit by the municipality. Waste oils will be stored in leak-proof tanks and containers located on impervious ground in accordance with the “Regulation on Control of Waste Oils”. Liquid level measuring device (transparent tube) will be mounted to the outside of the tanks and containers to prevent overfilling Tanks and containers will have red color and be labeled as “waste oil”. After the temporary storage those wastes will sent to IZAYDAS Hazardous Waste Landfill site in containers or truckbeds by contractors having license to transport these wastes.
Used batteries and accumulators will be collected separately and disposed in compliance with the consumer responsibilities specified in Article 13 of the “Regulation on Control of Used Batteries and Accumulators”. Accordingly, used batteries will be collected by licensed contractors separately (from municipal wastes) and transferred to TAP (The Portable Battery Producers and Importers Association) collection sites.
|
Operation
|
Noise
|
From pumping stations
|
The noise level at 100 m from pumping stations will not exceed 60 dBA. To this end, noise insulation will be provided at pumping stations. This could be achieved by installing insulation materials in the inner walls of the stations or noisy pumps could be placed in acoustic cabins.
All mechanical equipments that generate noise will be maintained monthly. The oil levels, silencers, etc. will be controlled and renewed quarterly.
Trees could be planted in the vicinity of pumping stations to provide a natural noise barrier in long term.
|
Included in operational costs.
|
Municipality
|
Clogging of sewer lines
|
Accumulation within sewer line and overflow from manholes
|
Sewer cleanings and anti-clogging equipments and teams will be kept ready at all times.
|
Included in operational costs.
|
Municipality
|
Public health & Occupational safety
|
From chlorination facilities
|
Chlorine containers and feeding equipment will be located in a suitable fire-resistant building. Chlorination room will be well aerated. Since chlorine gas is heavier than air, ventilators will be placed at the bottom of the building walls. Gas cylinders will be stored above the ground, kept cool and secured from movement. The room will be kept locked. "Danger Chlorine" signs will be posted on the walls. A bottle of ammonium hydroxide solution will be available for detecting chlorine leaks. Appropriate protective equipments (masks, showers, etc.) will be provided in the room to be used in case of accidents. A pool (to be filled with sodium sulfide) for submerging the gas tubes in case of leakage will be provided. Staff responsible from chlorination will be trained and will be made to wear protective masks and gloves.
|
Included in operational costs.
|
Municipality
|
Operation
|
Public health & Occupational safety
(contd.)
|
From pumping stations
|
Warning signs will be provided at facilities having mechanical and electrical equipments.
These facilities will be protected by safety fences.
|
Included in operational costs.
|
Municipality
|
From sewer cleaning
|
During sewer cleaning, protective measures will be taken against methane (CH4) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas. To this end, portable CH4 and H2S measurement devices will be provided to detect CH4 and H2S levels in the manhole before cleaning.
In case of wastewater seepage to the surface from the sewerage lines, the accumulated wastewater will first be retained, then disinfected by lime or some other disinfectant and finally be collected by an adsorbent or other solidifying material before ultimately disposed at a suitable location shown by the municipality.
Staff will be trained about safety and hygiene.
Inlet structures will be fixed such that they could not be removed easily by public and will continuously be controlled to prevent accidents (fallings etc). Missing inlets will be replaced as soon as possible.
|
Operational hygiene
|
Disinfection
|
Storage tanks and other facilities that are in direct contact with water will regularly be cleaned and disinfected by using a mixture of detergent, sodium hypochlorite and water. All internal surfaces of the tanks will be cleaned. Special care will be taken to clean corners and joints such that no cleaning liquid will remain.
|
Included in operational costs
|
Municipality
|
a Cost of minimizing the impact
b Responsible institution
Table 4.2. Monitoring Plan
|
Phase
|
What
parameter will be monitored?
|
Where
will the parameter be monitored?
|
How
will the parameter be monitored/ type of monitoring equipment?
|
When
will the parameter be monitored-frequency of measurement or continuous?
|
Cost of Monitoring
|
Responsibility
|
Construction
|
The amount (volume) of excavation / construction material piled in the construction site
|
Excavation site
Temporary storage containers
|
Site observation (visual inspection): Control of the amount of temporary excavation material by counting the number filled storage containers and their levels.
|
During construction phase on a daily basis
|
No cost
|
Contractor
|
Final disposal site
|
The amount of the material transferred to the final disposal site will be controlled by checking the volumes and/or weights of the trucks carrying these wastes. These data will be recorded for review.
|
Pipe waste material
|
Excavation Site
|
Site observation (visual inspection):
1. Control of the true placement of the pipe waste in associated containers;
2. Prediction of pipe waste by controlling the number and the level of temporary pipe waste storage containers.
|
Upon release of pipe waste following construction activities
|
No cost
|
Contractor
|
Kumkisik Landfill Site
|
The amount of material coming to the Kumkisik Landfill will be determined by measuring the volume and/or weights of the trucks carrying these wastes. These data will be recorded for review.
|
AC Pipes
|
Excavation Site
|
Site observation (visual inspection): Control of proper labeling as described in the mitigation plan.
|
Upon release of AC pipe waste
|
No cost
|
Contractor
|
Construction
|
Hazardous waste
|
Construction site
Work site
|
Regular maintenance of the vehicles will be recorded. Replaced accumulators, waste oils could be controlled from these records.
Visual inspection will be carried out in the site to identify any residual asbestos
Site observation:
-
Control of fluid levels in waste oil tanks
-
Control of proper disposal of the waste batteries and accumulators in correct disposal containers and control of the levels in these containers
-
Control of the levels in other hazardous waste disposal containers
-
Control of leakage from the containers and check if these are properly sited
|
Continuously
|
No cost
|
Contractor
|
Solid wastes
|
Construction site
Work site
|
Site observation (visual inspection):
-
Visual inspection of the collection containers for possible wear and cracks
-
Control of proper disposal of solid waste such that they are not placed outside the designated containers.
-
Control of the levels of all containers and check if these are regularly emptied.
|
Continuously
|
No cost
|
Contractor
|
Construction
|
Wastewater
|
Construction site
Work site
|
Site observation (visual inspection):
-
Wastewater leaks;
-
In case of septic tank usage, by measuring water level in tank
|
Continuously
|
No cost
|
Contractor
|
Dust formation and air pollution
|
Construction site (neighboring areas that are effected from the activity)
Along the transportation route
|
Site observation (visual inspection):
-
Control of the surface cover of the dumped material along the trench
-
Control of the wetting of the dust causing material during windy weather
-
Control of the correct locations of the wind barriers
-
Control of the top covers of transport trucks
Speed control of the transportation trucks via tachometers
Air quality monitoring for dust will be conducted with portable air quality measurement devices (eg-PM10 devices).
|
During all project phases on a monthly basis
During trench filling on a weekly basis
Momentary monitoring in case of complaints
Windy weather
|
Additional cost in case of portable equipment usage
|
Contractor
|
Control of “motor vehicle exhaust emission control stamp”
|
At the beginning of construction phase
|
No cost
|
Construction
|
Noise
|
Construction site (neighboring areas that are effected from the activity)
Along the transportation route
|
Upon complain
Calibrated noise measurement device (sensitive to 30-130 dB)
|
During all project phases on a monthly basis
During intensive construction works on a weekly basis
Momentary monitoring in case of complaints
|
Additional cost in case of portable equipment usage
|
Contractor
|
Traffic
|
Construction site
Along the transportation route
|
Site observation (visual inspection): Checking whether traffic jams occur due to construction activities
|
During the project phases
Particularly during rush hours
Upon complain
|
Included in construction costs
|
Contractor
|
Archaeological artifacts
|
Construction site
|
Experts from the Ministry of Culture and Tourism will be asked to visit the site, and their examinations in the area will be facilitated by the contractor.
|
During the excavation works
|
No cost
|
Contractor/Municipality
|
Aesthetic issues
|
Vicinity of the construction site
|
Site observation (visual inspection): Is the construction site (materials creating aesthetic pollution) properly camouflaged via barriers? Are these aesthetically acceptable (clean and properly painted)?
|
During construction phase
|
No cost
|
Contractor
|
Pre-operation hygiene
|
On laid pipes
|
Controlling the cleanness of pipe inner surface
Controlling whether pipes are closed on both sides
|
Upon completion of construction activities (prior to backfilling)
|
No cost
|
Contractor
|
Construction
|
Public health & Occupational safety
|
Construction site
Work site
|
Site observation (visual inspection): Visual inspection will be provided to secure the public from accidents, or hazardous material exposure by controlling warning signs, barriers, etc.
|
Daily
|
No cost
|
Contractor
|
Asbestos fiber measurement will be carried out in the work site (e.g. phase-contrast optical microscopy) to determine the employees’ exposure to airborne asbestos fibers during removal of the AC pipe. Exposure must be less than 0.1 fiber/cubic centimeter (cc) of air for an eight (8) hour time-weighted average limit (TWA), and less than 10 fiber/cc of air as averaged over a sampling period of thirty (30) minutes
|
When AC pipes replacement is achieved.
|
Additional measurement cost
|
Medical assessments will be provided for the workers.
|
Twice per year
|
No cost
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operation
|
Water quality: residual chlorine
|
At pumping stations and storage tanks
Along water distribution network
|
Water sampling and analysis at laboratory or onsite monitoring with portable equipments
Continuous monitoring will be possible when SCADA system is installed.
|
Continuously
|
Included in operational costs
|
Municipality
|
Operation
|
Water quality (physical and chemical parameters indicated in the National Water Pollution Control Regulation): free chlorine, total and fecal coliform, color, turbidity, odor, taste, pH, conductivity, ammonium, insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, heavy metals, organic and toxic chemicals.
|
At water source
At water storage tanks
Along water distribution network
|
Water samples will be taken and analyzed according to the Standard Methods in the accredited laboratories
|
Water quality is monitored based on the Regulation on Waters for Human Consumption (published in Official Gazette dated 17.02.2005 and numbered 25730). Accordingly, samples are collected from each neighborhood , for 5 consecutive days a week and analyzed for free chlorine. Furthermore, routine monitoring of microbiological parameters (coliform, E-Coli) and chemical parameters (color, turbidity, odor, taste, pH, conductivity and ammonium) will be conducted once a week. Once a year, samples will be collected and analyzed for insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, heavy metals, organic toxic chemicals in Izmir Regional Directorate of Hifzissihha Institute.
|
Included in operational costs
|
Municipality
|
Operation
|
Noise
|
At water pumping stations
|
Noise measurement device
|
Periodically (preferably once every month) and in case of complaints
|
Included in operational costs
|
Municipality
|
Public health & Occupational safety
|
In project area
|
Chlorination room will be monitored by by by chlorine detector
Protective equipment and security conditions of the room (e.g. lock of the door, liquid level of the pool) will be controlled.
Visual inspection of the safety and warning signs in chlorination room and pumping stations.
Visual inspection of the manhole covers and storm water inlets.
|
Continuously
Weekly
Weekly
Monthly
|
Included in operational costs
|
Municipality
|
Chlorine leakage
|
Chlorine dosing room
|
Automatic gas detection and related alarm equipment for chlorine gas will used.
|
Continuously
|
Included in operational costs
|
Municipality
|
Clogging of sewer lines
|
Between the manholes
|
Clogging of sewer lines will be monitored by sewer inspection equipments (such as remote control camera and TV).
|
1-2 times per year
|
Additional cost sewer inspection equipments
|
Municipality
|
(a) What would be the cost of monitoring equipment or the cost of contractor that would perform the monitoring for municipality?
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