Slavery in the Colonies
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- Atlantic Slave Trade
- Triangular Trade
- Slavery in the Colonies
- African Cultural Influences
- In the south
Chapter 4 Section 3
Slavery in the Colonies* * * * * * * * * * * * Focus Question: How did slavery develop in the colonies and affect colonial life? Remember…Spanish settlers first brought Africans to the Americas as a source of slave labor. Atlantic Slave Trade*1500-1800s – more than 10 million Africans transported to Americas *Spanish and Portuguese began slave trade, then joined British, Dutch, and French *Slave traders set up posts along the West African Coast and Africans who lived on the coast went into the interior to raid villages for captives to sell. Middle Passage *Captives were traded for guns and other goods *Loaded onto ships and transported across the Atlantic in a brutal voyage known as the Middle Passage * Some ships crammed with as much “cargo” as possible to increase profits; other ships tried to provide better conditions to assure more captives survived healthy and worth more *15 – 20% of enslaved Africans died or committed suicide on the trip *Once in the Americas, the enslaved were put on auction blocks, were usually separated from family and most ended up on plantations (500,000 in British North America) Triangular Trade*By 1700, slave traders had regular routine known as the triangular trade (a three-way trade between the colonies, the islands of the Caribbean and Africa). ~Leg 1: Ships take lumber, fish, and goods from New England to the Caribbean or West Indies and bought sugar and molasses to make rum in New England ~Leg 2: Ships left New England with rum, guns and other goods to West Africa and traded for enslaved Africans ~ Leg 3: Ships took enslaved to the West Indies, sold them and bought more molasses *Many merchants grew wealthy but often disobeyed the Navigation Acts and smuggled goods into New England Slavery in the Colonies*In some societies, slaves were freed after a period of time or if they became Christians Slavery Takes Root *Slavery took root because: ~the plantation system and the profits to be made from tobacco and rice required Africans to work the fields ~Slaves were preferable to indentured servants, which were temporary Enslaved for Life *In 1639 Maryland passed a law making slavery permanent and lifelong. A 1633 Virginia law also stated children born to slaves would be slaves too. *There were early attempts to stop slavery, but because profits were so high, antislavery laws were lifted. *Slavery came to be restricted to those of African descent and was therefore linked to racism (the belief that one race is superior or inferior to another). *Some colonists felt they were helping the Africans by introducing them to Christianity and European ways. Resistance to Slavery *As the number of slaves increased, whites began to worry about revolts and a few occurred *Fearing more revolts, slave codes (strict laws that restricted the rights and activities of slaves) were written. Some restrictions were: ~slaves could not meet in large numbers ~slaves could not own weapons ~slaves could not leave a plantation without permission ~it was illegal to teach slaves to read and write ~masters who killed slaves could not be tried for murder *These gave masters more control and made it harder for slaves to escape and survive *Resistance did not stop and revolts continued to flare up African Cultural Influences*The lives of slaves differed among colonies In the north~might be hired out to work as blacksmiths or house servants ~might work on small farms alongside owners ~over time, might be able to buy their freedom In the south~On plantations, Africans saw few whites ~Kept African traditions ~Gullah language spoken most often In middle colonies~less isolated than in the south ~craftsworkers used African styles to create quilts, furniture, walking sticks, etc ~rhythm from drums got into American music ~Banjo became part of American music Review QuestionsWhat was the Middle Passage? The brutal voyage that carried captured people across the Atlantic from the West African coast to slavery in the Americas. What was the purpose of slave codes? The slave codes were designed to restrict travel and communication among enslaved people. The codes were intended to prevent slave revolts. What cultural influences did Africans bring to America? Africans brought language, skill in crafts, musical styles, and other cultural influences. Directory: Downloads Downloads -> Northern England’s set-jetting locations Downloads -> Dynatest 3031 lwd light Weight Deflectometer Downloads -> Forth coming competitive exams Downloads -> Brush High School Morning Announcements Friday, September 05, 2014 all school Downloads -> Year 9 The Arts — Music Downloads -> Years 7 and 8 standard elaborations — Australian Curriculum: Music draft Downloads -> Chris Young sets 2016 “I’m Comin’ Over” Tour headlining dates Downloads -> Slavery and Abolition: the Plymouth Connection Introduction Downloads -> Summer Assignment Download 20.14 Kb. Share with your friends:
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