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Operating System Increasing System Reliability and Availability with Windows 2000 White Paper Abstract The Microsoft® Windows® 2000 operating system was designed to address hardware, software, and system management issues that affect reliability and availability. In addition, Microsoft enhanced the development and testing process to ensure that Windows 2000 is a highly dependable operating system. This paper provides a technical introduction to these improvements, and explains how reliability and availability are further improved in Windows 2000 Advanced Server and Windows 2000 Datacenter Server. It also shows how organizations can combine technology, support programs, trained personnel, and best practices to obtain maximum reliability from Windows 2000.
ContentsExecutive Summary 1 Executive Summary 1 Technology 2 How Windows 2000 Advanced Server Increases Availability 2 How Datacenter Server Increases Reliability and Availability 3 Services and Support Programs 3 People and Process 4 Seeing the Results 5 Executive Summary Conclusion 5 Introduction 7 Introduction 7 Building Reliability in Windows 2000 7 Building Reliability in Windows 2000 7 The Windows 2000 Development Process 7 Technology 8 Technology 8 Reliability and Availability Features in the Windows 2000 Server Family 8 Architectural Improvements 9 Windows File Protection 9 Kernel-Mode Write Protection 10 Reducing the Number of Reboot Conditions 10 Improved Tools for Third Parties 11 Service Pack Slipstreaming 11 Reducing recovery time 11 Recovery Console 11 Safe Mode Boot 12 Kill Process Tree 12 Recoverable File System 13 Automatic Restart 13 IIS Reliable Restart 13 Storage Management 13 Improved Diagnostic Tools 14 Kernel-Only Crash Dumps 14 Mini Dumps 15 Faster CHKDSK 15 MSINFO 15 Remote Terminal Services 15 Windows 2000 Advanced Server Availability Features 16 Windows 2000 Advanced Server Availability Features 16 Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP) 16 Clustering 16 Network Load Balancing 17 Component Load Balancing 18
Maximizing Availability: 32 SMP and 4-Node Clustering 19 High Performance with WinSock Direct 20 Managing Critical Resources: The Process Control Tool 20 Services and Support Programs 21 Services and Support Programs 21 Windows Datacenter Program 22 OEM/Microsoft Jointly Staffed Support Queue 22 Hardware Compatibility Test and List 23 Ongoing Testing Requirements 24 Datacenter Planning and Operations 24 Windows Datacenter Program Servers 25 Software Maintenance 26 People and Processes 26 People and Processes 26 Microsoft Operations Framework: Roadmap for Reliability 26 Building on Standardized Best Practices 27 Enterprise Services Frameworks 27 Microsoft Operations Framework Principles 28 The MOF Process Model 28 Investing in Properly Trained or Certified personnel 31 Microsoft Readiness Framework 31 Microsoft Certification 31
File system maintenance 33 Hardware installation and maintenance 33 Networking and communications 33 Memory management 34 Software installation 34 Performance tuning 34
Kernel-Mode Code Development 34 Driver Signing 37 Developing and debugging user-mode code 38 Appendix C: Windows 2000 OS and Memory Protection 38 Appendix C: Windows 2000 OS and Memory Protection 38 Kernel Mode vs. User Mode 39 User Mode 40 Kernel Mode 40 Memory Model 41
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