7th Grade Civics End of Course Exam Study Guide

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SS.7.C.2.5 - Distinguish how the Constitution safeguards and limits individual rights.

Vocabulary

appellate process

the process of asking a higher court to decide whether a trial was conducted properly

ex post facto

a Latin term meaning “after the fact”

ex post facto law

a law that makes an act a crime after the crime has been committed

habeas corpus

the principle that the government has to provide a cause or reason for holding a person in jail

independent judiciary

the principle that decisions from the courts are fair and impartial and are not influenced by the other branches of government

precedent

a court decision in an earlier case with facts and legal issues similar to those in a case currently before a court

privacy

not in public

public interest

common benefit, the general benefit of the public

safeguard

To protect

summary judgment

a judgment decided by a trial court without the case going to trial; a summary judgment is an attempt to stop a case from going to trial

writ

law

10. Which type of law makes an act a crime after it has been committed?

Below is a statement from Chief Justice John Roberts.

at the school-house gate.”

Source: Morse v. Frederick (2007)

11. Why is this statement significant?

The timeline below shows events related to the death penalty.

12. What constitutional protections have resulted from these events?

Constitutional protections from cruel and unusual punishment are safeguarded while executions continue.
Constitutional protections from cruel and unusual punishment are limited while executions continue.
Constitutional protections of due process of law are safeguarded while executions continue.
Constitutional protections of due process of law are limited while executions continue.

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