Eight theories of religion second edition



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Islam Observed (Geertz), 262, 273, 276–83, 285, 288







Jacob’s ladder, 202




Jaffe, Edgar, 152




Jainism, 178, 187, 215




Java, 261–62, 269–70, 273, 278, 284–85, 307, 319




Jefferson, Thomas, 7




Jesus Christ, 5, 6, 20, 40, 63, 68, 75, 157, 163, 168, 174, 212, 216, 217, 220, 276




Jones, Ernest, 55




Josiah, King, 179




Joyce, James, 219




Judaism, 5




Durkheim on, 89, 103, 104




Eliade on, 215–17




Frazer on, 40




Freud on, 54, 64, 72–75




Geertz on, 273, 274




Marx on, 120, 121, 132




Tylor on, 29, 30




Weber on, 170, 171, 173, 175, 178–81, 185







Jung, Carl, 12, 55, 76, 196, 295







Kaaba, 204–5




Kalidjaga, Sunan, 277–78, 279, 281




Kant, Immanuel, 7, 8




Karma, 177




Kashatryias, 177




Kautsky, Karl, 136




Kennedy, John F., 106




King of the Wood, 34–35, 36, 42–44




Kings, divinity of, 39–40




Kinship and Marriage among the Neur (Evans-Pritchard), 231




Koran, 280, 281–82




Krishna, 170




Kristeva, Julia, 299




Kroeber, Alfred Louis, 263–64




Kuth nhial, 241–42, 258n12




Kwakiutl, 264




Kwoth, 240–41, 242, 243, 244




Kwoth nhial, 240–41, 258n10







Labor, Marxist theory of, 127–29, 134, 143–44

-332-




Lacan, Jacques, 299




Laity, 169




Lake Nemi, 34, 43




Lamarck, Jean Baptiste, 79




Lang, Andrew, 48




Language/linguistics




Evans-Pritchard and, 244–46, 248




Levi-Strauss and, 302–3




Müller and, 21–22, 29




Tylor and, 25







L’Année sociologique, 87




Lao-tzu, 167, 176




Latency phase of development, 61, 74




Laws of development, 9, 232




Lawson, E. Thomas, 303




Leach, Edmund, 224–25, 302




Legal authority, 156




Legion of the Archangel Michael, 195




Legitimate domination, 156




Lenin, Vladimir, 118




Leonardo da Vinci, 59




Leopard-skin priests, 249




Lessing, Gotthold, 7




Levi-Strauss, Claude, 302–3




Lévy-Bruhl, Lucien, 12, 234, 238, 245, 250, 252, 254




Liberation theology, 136




Libido, 60, 63




Libya, 262




Lightning, 242, 246




Local Knowledge (Geertz), 263




“Logic of Sacrifice, The” (Leach), 302




Loki, 25




London School of Economics, 230




Lowie, Robert, 251, 263–64




Luckmann, Thomas, 297




Luddites, 158




Lunar symbolism, 207–8, 211, 245




Luther, Martin, 6, 160–61, 162, 177




Lyusi, Sidi Lahsen, 278–79, 280







Madness and Civilization (Foucault), 299




Magic




contagious, 36–37, 41, 45




Durkheim on, 96–97, 110




Evans-Pritchard on, 235–39, 256




Frazer on, 18, 35, 36–42, 44, 45, 47–48, 96, 105, 109, 166, 182–83




Freud on, 66




Geertz on, 273




imitative, 36–37, 40, 41, 45, 93, 105, 110




sympathetic, 36–37




Tylor on, 24, 30




Weber on, 166, 168, 169, 176, 180, 182–83







“Magical Hair” (Leach), 302




Magicians, 166




Mahavira, 215




Maitland, F. W., 320




Malinowski, Bronislaw, 109, 230, 232, 251, 264, 301, 303




Mana, 100




Mani, 241




Manitou, 100




Mannhardt, Wilhelm, 42




Maoris, 206




Mao Tse-tung, 118




Maraboutism, 277, 278, 279–80, 281




Marcuse, Herbert, 298–99




Marett, R. R., 251




Marx, Heinrich, 120




Marx, Jenny, 120




Marx, Karl, 11, 12, 15, 76, 78, 114, 118–48, 149, 193, 250, 253, 292, 296, 304, 307, 309, 310–11, 314




analysis of theories, 137–39




critique of theories, 139–45




Eliade compared with, 198, 218, 220, 221, 223




evidence for theories, 312–13




Geertz compared with, 283




idealism and, 120, 125–26, 133




ideology and, 132, 136, 137, 141




influence of theories, 293, 317, 318




life, activities, and writings, 120–23




orientation of, 297–300




personal beliefs and theories of, 315–16, 317




religion and, 131, 132–42, 144–45




theories of (see Alienation; Base (of society); Capitalism; Class conflict/struggle; Communism; Economics; Labor, Marxist theory of; Materialism; Superstructure (of society); Surplus value)




-333-




Marx, Karl,(cont.)




Weber compared with, 150, 159, 165, 169, 183–84, 185, 186, 188

Maslow, Abraham, 295




Masochism, 63




Materialism, 120–21, 122, 123, 125–27, 134, 139, 144




Mayans, 294




McCauley, Robert N., 303




McCullough, Michael, 296




Mead, G. H., 108




Meaning and Order in Moroccan Society (Geertz), 262




Means of production, 124, 130




Mechanical solidarity, 91, 297




Messianic movements, 216




Methodenstreit, 154




Methodism, 163




Methodological individualism, 155




Michaelangelo, 59




Middletown, 268




Milton, John, 161




Mistletoe, 42, 43, 209




Mitra, 167




Mode of production, 123, 124




Modjokuto, 262




Mohavira, 178




Moksha, 215




Mommsen, Theodore, 151




Monopoly, 129




Monotheism, 30, 47–48, 72, 78, 157, 168, 180, 186. See also Moses and Monotheism




Montesquieu, Baron de, 88, 92, 233




Moods and motivations, 270, 271–72, 279, 282




Moon symbolism. See Lunar symbolism




Morality, 91–92, 94–95, 131, 159, 180–81




Morocco, 262, 273, 276–83, 284, 285, 288, 307, 319




Moses and Monotheism (Freud), 56, 72–75, 78–79




Muhammad, 168, 204, 277, 279, 315




Muhammad V, Sultan, 280, 281, 283




Müller, Friedrich Max, 3–4, 8–10, 12, 47, 97, 230, 293, 308, 310




Eliade compared with, 197, 205, 207




Evans-Pritchard compared with, 245, 250




major works of, 49n5




personal beliefs and theories of, 315




Tylor’s view of, 21–22, 25, 26, 29







Munson, Henry, Jr., 287




Murder, 67–68, 73, 74, 75, 249, 308.


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