Englis h 5 7 3 0 rhetoric



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apposition 
Placing side-by-side two coordinate elements, the second of which serves as an explanation or modification of the first.
- "I have been walking on ballfields for 16 years, and I've never received anything but kindness and encouragement from you fans.  I have had the great honor to have played with these great veteran ballplayers on my left -- Murderers Row, our championship team of 1927. I have had the further honor of living with and playing with these men on my right -- the Bronx Bombers, the Yankees of today. I have been given fame and undeserved praise by the boys up there behind the wire in the press box -- my friends, the sports writers. I have worked under the two greatest managers of all time, Miller Huggins and Joe McCarthy. I have a mother and father who fought to give me health and a solid background in my youth. I have a wife, a companion for life, who has shown me more courage than I ever knew.  People all say that I've had a bad break.  But today -- today I consider myself the luckiest man on the face of the earth."
(Gary Cooper as Lou Gehrig, The Pride of the Yankees, 1942)
- "The sky was sunless and grey, there was snow in the air, buoyant motes, play things that seethed and floated like the toy flakes inside a crystal." (Truman Capote, The Muses Are Heard)
- "It was a bleak period of present privation and threatening disaster--the period of soya beans and Basic English--and in consequence the book is infused with a kind of gluttony, for food and wine, for the splendours of the recent past, and for rhetorical and ornamental language, which now with a full stomach I find distasteful." 
(Evelyn Waugh in 1959 on his wartime novel Brideshead Revisited)
- “Lolita, light of my life, fire of my loins.”
(Vladimir Nabokov, Lolita

artistic proofs [Gk. entechnoi pisteis]
Proofs or means of persuasion taught specifically by the art of rhetoric.  In Aristotle's rhetorical theory, these include ethos, pathos, and logos.

Asiatic
A prolix or highly ornamented style.  Contrast with Attic.
-"Altho’ Dixon is heading off to Sumatra with a member of the Church of England,— that is, the Ancestor of Troubles,— a stranger with whom he morever but hours before was carousing exactly like Sailors, shameful to say, yet, erring upon the side of Conviviality, will he decide to follow Fox’s Advice, and answer 'that of God' in Mason, finding it soon enough with the Battle on all ‘round them, when both face their equal chances of imminent Death.
"Dissolution, Noise, and Fear. Below-decks, reduced to nerves, given into the emprise of Forces invisible yet possessing great Weight and Speed, which contend in some Phantom realm they have had the bad luck to blunder into, the Astronomers abide, willing themselves blank yet active. Casualties begin to appear in the Sick Bay, the wounds inconceivable, from Oak-Splinters and Chain and Shrapnel, and as Blood creeps like Evening to Dominion over all Surfaces, so grows the Ease of giving in to Panic Fear. It takes an effort to act philosophickal, or even to find ways to be useful,— but a moment’s re-focusing proves enough to show them each how at least to keep out of the way, and presently to save steps for the loblolly boy, or run messages to and from other parts of the ship.
"After the last of the Gun-Fire, Oak Beams shuddering with the Chase, the Lazarette is crowded and pil’d with bloody Men, including Capt. Smith with a great Splinter in his Leg, his resentment especially powerful,— 'I’ll have lost thirty of my Crew. Are you two really that important?'  Above, on deck, corpses are steaming, wreckage is ev’rywhere, shreds of charr’d sail and line clatter in the Wind that is taking the Frenchman away."
(Thomas Pynchon, Mason and Dixon)

assonance
Identity or similarity in sound between internal vowels in neighboring words.
[L. "to sound towards"]
-"Old age should burn and rave at close of day;
Rage, rage, against the dying of the light."
(Dylan Thomas)
-"Strips of tinfoil winking like people" (Sylvia Plath)

asyndeton 
Omission of conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses (opposite of polysyndeton).
(Pronounced "a SIN da ton")  [Gk. "unconnected"]
-"Dogs, undistinguishable in mire.  Horses, scarcely better--splashed to their very blinkers.  Foot passengers, jostling one another's umbrellas, in a general infection of ill temper . . .." (Charles Dickens, Bleak House)
-“Listlessly, confidently, poor people all of them, they waited; looked at the palace itself with the flag flying; at Victoria, billowing on her mound, admired her shelves of running water, her geraniums; singled out the motor cars in the Mall first this one, then that; bestowed emotion, vainly, upon commoners out for a drive; recalled their tribute to keep it unspent while this car passed and that.”
(Virginia Woolf, Mrs. Dalloway) 
- "Why, they've got 10 volumes on suicide alone.  Suicide by race, by color, by occupation, by sex, by seasons of the year, by time of day.  Suicide, how committed: by poisons, by firearms, by drowning, by leaps.  Suicide by poison, subdivided by types of poison, such as corrosive, irritant, systemic, gaseous, narcotic, alkaloid, protein, and so forth.  Suicide by leaps, subdivided by leaps from high places, under the wheels of trains, under the wheels of trucks, under the feet of horses, from steamboats.  But Mr. Norton, of all the cases on record, there's not one single case of suicide by leap from the rear end of a moving train."
(Edward G. Robinson as insurance agent Barton Keyes in Double Indemnity, 1944)
-"I have found the warm caves in the woods,
filled them with skillets, carvings, shelves,
closets, silks, innumerable goods"
(Anne Sexton, "Her Kind")
-"In some ways, he was this town at its best--strong, hard-driving, working feverishly, pushing, building, driven
by ambitions so big they seemed Texas-boastful." (Mike Royko, "A Tribute")

Attic
Brief, witty, sometimes epigrammatic style--opposite of the ornate Asiatic style.
[Gk. "the style of Attica"]
-"Some books are to be tasted.  Others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.  That is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention." (Francis Bacon, "Of Studies")

auxesis 
A gradual increase in intensity of meaning: words arranged in ascending order of importance. See also climax.
[Gk. "amplification"]
-"Since brass, nor stone, nor earth, nor boundless sea,
But sad mortality o'er-sways their power."

(Shakespeare, Sonnet 65)
-“That’s it. There you are. Man say to his woman: I got me a dream. His woman say: Eat your eggs. Man say: I got to take hold of this here world, baby! And a woman will say: Eat your eggs and go to work. Man say: I got to change my life, I’m choking to death, baby! And his woman say—Your eggs is getting cold!"
(Lorraine Hansberry, A Raisin in the Sun)
-"It's a well hit ball, it's a long drive, it might be, it could be, it IS . . . a home run." 
(Chicago Cubs announcer Harry Carey)
-"Jeans That Can
Lengthen Legs
Hug Hips
& Turn Heads"
(advertisement for Rider Jeans)

bdelygmia
A litany of abuse--a series of critical epithets, descriptions, or attributes.
(Pronounced "de LIG me uh")  [Gk. "abuse"]
-"A custom loathsome to the eye, hateful to the nose, harmful to the brain, dangerous to the lungs, and in the black, stinking fume thereof, nearest resembling the Stygian smoke of the pit that is bottomless."
(King James I of England, A Counterblast to Tobacco)
-"[T]he American people, taking one with another, constitute the most timorous, sniveling, poltroonish, ignominious mob of serfs and goose-steppers ever gathered under one flag in Christendom since the end of the Middle Ages, and . . . they grow more timorous, more sniveling, more poltroonish, more ignominious every day."
(H. L. Mencken, "On Being an American")
-"Your soul is an apalling dump heap overflowing
with the most disgraceful assortment of deplorable
rubbish imaginable,
Mangled up in tangled up knots.

You nauseate me, Mr. Grinch.
With a nauseous super-naus.
You're a crooked jerky jockey
And you drive a crooked horse.
Mr. Grinch.

You're a three decker sauerkraut and toadstool sandwich
With arsenic sauce."
(Dr. Seuss, How the Grinch Stole Christmas
-"The Republicans are not stupid. They tagged the liberals as 'latte-drinking, Volvo-driving, school-busing, fetus-killing, tree-hugging, gun-fearing, morally relativist and secularly humanist so-called liberal elitists,' as commentator Jason Epstein described it, soft on communism, soft on crime, opposed to capital punishment, and soft on the new war on terrorism." 
(Mortimer Zuckerman, U.S. News, 6 June 2005)

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