Guizhou Cultural and Natural Heritage Protection and Development Project Environmental Impact Assessment Guiyang Hydropower Investigation Design & Research Institute China Hydropower Engineering Consultation Group Corporation September 18

Heritage Conservation Plan

This chapter is intended for discussion of the conservation measures to the potential adverse impacts on the intigrity of the intrinsic values of the cultural heritages under the components for cultural heritage protection and development.

1. Conservation Plan for Classified Heritages

The national and provincial regulations on cultural heritages protection require that repair or reconstruction of the buildings of important historical and cultural values be subject to the administrative approval procedure by reviewing of the proposed conservation plan for the heritages. Such heritages are classified into varified levels for national, provincial and local protection units. The components that are required to prepare the conservation plans and the summary of the preparation information are given in Table 7.1-1 below.

The conservation plan is required to show, but not limited to the following items:

• 
  The level of protection of the building;
  
• 
  The original appearance of the buildings;
  
• 
  The techniques to be used;
  
• 
  The materials to be used;
  
• 
  The drawings for the parts to be repaired, before and after the repair;
  

Given the protection status of the above four heritages, the conservation management follows a very stringent regulatory procedure. The procedure requires that functional zoning, inventory and protection measures be developed in the application stage for classification of the heritages, and more restrict review and approval procedures for any actions towards these classified heritages, including daily maintenance and major repair and rehabilitation as discussed in Section 4.2.1 . The potential risks on the heritages to be caused by the tourism development strategy thus can be controlled to an acceptable level.

2. Specific Considerations and Recommendations

The development of tourism in the rural villages and towns may cause damage to the heritages of primary concern. Compared to the heritages protected at various levels, the heritages in these rural locations are more vulnerable to the tourism development. Although most of the components involves the repair and upgrading of existing residential houses that were constructed many years ago in local architectural style to provide accomodation service for visiotrs as guesthouse, the works are still required to be in compliance with local traditional architectrual values, so as to preserve the integrity of the local buildings. Each rural village/town where cultural heritage and development components are to be constructed should prepare their own heritage conservation plan as an integrate part of tourism development plan. A number of considerations for achieving the objetive of heritage conservation would be given in the development of the conservation plans.

1. Inventory Development

Extensive development of cultural heritages may lead to undiscriminating alternation of buildings, i.e., their strutures and appearances. The heritages in rural villages are particularly at the risk of improper alternation due to lack of awareness of conservation and weak community self-management capacity. The villages/towns which are willing to convert to tourism attractions should be aware of the potential impacts on their integrity of architectural styles. Thus such villages/towns should develop an inventory of the existing cultural heriatges within their areas. This inventory is designed to indicate which buildings are of high cultural and historical importance that should be protected from any type of alternation, as well as the planning consideration for control of new structures that may pose adverse impact on the integrity of the core buildings. The inventory also should classify the heritages to various levels of protection, indicating which buildings can be altered to a minor degree, i.e., inside decoration with modern facilities; and which should be retained in its original inside functions.

2. Standards

As discussed in Section 4.?, China is in the initial stage of standardization for cultural heritage works, and the verified heritages in China offer a difficult task to complete a comprehensive standard system. The standards for materials, techniques and architectural style are generally adepted to local conditions. Consultation with local communities is an important means to establish an acceptable standard system for particular heritage repair/upgrading works. The local administration of cultural heritage thus is suggested to work together with local communities on the establishment of the standard system and review of the design for repair and upgrading works.

3. Qualification

The qualification for construciton teams for the repair/upgrading works of cultural heritages is essential to the successful implementation of the repair/upgrading works. Generally three classes of the construction teams are used to identify the capacity and the scope of works the team is qualified in. The qualification of each class is given below:

• 
  Class A-qualified for repair/rebuiding of heritages at national protection level;
  
• 
  Class B-qualified for repair/rebuilding of heritages at provincial protection level; and
  
• 
  Class C-qualified for repair/rebuilding of heritages at protection level below provincial.
  

The criterion for identification of the three classes are to be developed by the provincial administration of cultural heritages.

4. Monitoring

External monitoring by an independant team is necessary for successful implementation of the conservation plan. The quality and compliance to the requirements that are set forth in the bidding documents should be monitored by this team which is experienced in the works of heritage repair/upgrading.The team also needs to work together with local communities in review of any alternation of the design. For any deviation of the design and standards the monitoring team should be responsible for reporting to the administration of cultural heritages.

5. Public Awareness Promotion

Communities’ willingness to comply with the conservation plan and cooperation in the process of design and monitoring of the works for heritages repair/upgrading is very important to the successful preservation of the heritages. The people should be suggested to be aware of the pros and cons of tourism development in their communities. The conservation plan should be developed under the consultation with the affected communities so as to obtain their understanding and support of the plan.

6. Construciton Planning

Local communities often lack of capacities to preserve their heritages once these communities are converted to attract tourists. Guidance is necessary from expertise on the construction planning of the affected communities. The core area and the construction control area, if any, should be designated in the communities and the control measures be passed down to the communities committee, so as to enhance their capacity in self-management of construction.

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