CC - CATEGORY CODES: 23-Geomorphology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: illus. incl. sketch map.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2000, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Bibliography and Index of Geology Exclusive of North America, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
IS - ISSN: 0120-0283
CO - CODEN: UISBAV
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1967-003650
UD - UPDATE CODE: 1967
Registro 2853 de 5614 - GeoRef Disc 1: 1785-1974
TI - TITLE: La radioactividad superficial en el campo 'La Cira' y su posible relacion con el petroleo.
AU - AUTHORS: Trapp-G; Victoria-H-F
SO - SOURCE: Boletin de Geologia (Bucaramanga). 15; Pages 35-39. 1963.
PB - PUBLISHER: Universidad Industrial de Santander. Bucaramanga, Colombia. 1963.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1963
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
AB - ABSTRACT: Superficial gamma ray intensity of the La Cira oil field in the Magdalena valley of Colombia was studied. Four east-west profiles across the oil field were measured with a model 111B Precision Radiation Instruments scintillation counter. Measurements were recorded in mR/hr and approximately 30 km of profiles were measured in total. It is believed that there is sufficient increase in radioactivity across the field to define the limits of the reservoir. This is the first study of this type in Colombia.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Colombia-; gamma-ray; geophysical-methods; geophysical-surveys; La-Cira; La-Cira-oil-field; oil-and-gas-fields; radioactivity-; radioactivity-methods; radioactivity-survey; reservoir-; South-America; superficial-gamma-ray-intensity; surveys-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 20-Applied-geophysics
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: illus.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2000, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Bibliography and Index of Geology Exclusive of North America, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
IS - ISSN: 0120-0283
CO - CODEN: UISBAV
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1967-003651
UD - UPDATE CODE: 1967
Registro 2854 de 5614 - GeoRef Disc 1: 1785-1974
TI - TITLE: Estudio petrografico de las calizas de la formacion Rosablanca de la region de la mesa de los Santos.
AU - AUTHORS: Zamarreno-de-Julivert-I
SO - SOURCE: Boletin de Geologia (Bucaramanga). 15; Pages 5-30. 1963.
PB - PUBLISHER: Universidad Industrial de Santander. Bucaramanga, Colombia. 1963.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1963
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
AB - ABSTRACT: A detailed petrographic study of the lower Cretaceous in the canyon of the Sogamoso river west of La Mesa de los Santos in the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia shows the Rosablanca formation to consist of 318 m of massive limestones with alternating marls and shales and some sandstones near the top. Limestone is most abundant at the base and top of the formation whereas the shales and marls are abundant in the middle of the formation. Petrographic examination of the limestones indicates that the Rosablanca is divisible into several petrographic zones which are related to lithological field divisions. The petrographic zones indicate that environmental conditions fluctuated during deposition of the sequence. An evaporite facies at the base of the formation suggests high salinity and restriction in the basin. Limestones above this were deposited in an open shallow marine environment. Micrites, fossiliferous micrites and biomicrites are indicative of low energy environment. Intrasparites, ooesparites, intramicrites, and ooemicrites, and the orthoquartzite near the top, are indicative of a high energy environment. Considering the Rosablanca as a whole it is composed of a low energy limestone sequence interrupted by three thin zones of high energy limestone that are related to the basinal influx of terrigenous material.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Colombia-; Cretaceous-; La-Mesa-de-los-Santos-area; lithofacies-; lower-; Mesozoic-; sedimentary-petrology; sedimentary-rocks; South-America
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 06-Sedimentary-petrology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: illus. incl. geol. sketch map.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2000, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Bibliography and Index of Geology Exclusive of North America, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
IS - ISSN: 0120-0283
CO - CODEN: UISBAV
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1967-003652
UD - UPDATE CODE: 1967
Registro 2855 de 5614 - GeoRef Disc 1: 1785-1974
TI - TITLE: Comparacion de las esporas del genero Cicatricosisporites R. Pot. y Gell. 1933 de Hungra y Colombia; algunos problemas referente a su significado estratigrafico.
AU - AUTHORS: Kedves-Miklos; Sole-de-Porta-N
SO - SOURCE: Boletin de Geologia (Bucaramanga). 12; Pages 51-66. 1963.
PB - PUBLISHER: Universidad Industrial de Santander. Bucaramanga, Colombia. 1963.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1963
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
LS - LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY: English; French
AB - ABSTRACT: Spores belonging to the morphologic genus Cicatricosisporites from various areas in Colombia and from the Dorog basin in Hungary are discussed. Five new Colombian species are described: C. colombiensis, C. grandiosus, C. cirae, C. tabacensis, and C. cundinamarcensis. Consideration of the species Striatriletes susannae, collected from the Catatumbo region in the department of Norte de Santander, indicates that it is identical to the form C. dorogensis. A detailed bibliography of the spores described under this genus, with their stratigraphic significance, is presented. Recent reports indicate they may range to the Pliocene. Some ideas are expressed concerning the probable botanical relationship of these spores.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Cenozoic-; Central-Europe; Cicatricosisporites-; Colombia-; Colombia-and-Hungary; Cretaceous-; Dorog-Basin; Europe-; Hungary-; Jurassic-; Jurassic-Tertiary; Mesozoic-; microfossils-; miospores-; paleontology-; palynomorphs-; regional-; South-America; Tertiary-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 09-Paleobotany
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: illus.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2000, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Bibliography and Index of Geology Exclusive of North America, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
IS - ISSN: 0120-0283
CO - CODEN: UISBAV
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1967-003664
UD - UPDATE CODE: 1967
Registro 2856 de 5614 - GeoRef Disc 1: 1785-1974
TI - TITLE: Estratigrafa y sedimentologa de la parte inferior de la formacion Guaduas al S. de Bogota (Cordillera Oriental).
AU - AUTHORS: Julivert-M
SO - SOURCE: Boletin de Geologia (Bucaramanga). 12; Pages 85-99. 1963.
PB - PUBLISHER: Universidad Industrial de Santander. Bucaramanga, Colombia. 1963.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1963
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
AB - ABSTRACT: The lower part of the Guaduas formation, of uppermost Cretaceous age, was studied at Tequendama Falls and Tunjuelito, near Bogota, Colombia. The base of the formation is composed of 65 m of shale; above this is 30 m of sandstone termed the Gua member; above this is another shale zone, partially red, but only the lower 35 m were studied. In the basal unit some thin fine-grained sandstone layers occur at the very base and locally a mineable coal layer is developed higher up. Sandstones of the Guaduas are all orthoquartzites and quartzitic texture is particularly well developed at the base of the formation. At Tequendama Falls some calcareous cement is present. The Gua sandstone member has more porosity than other sandstones in the Guaduas formation, but the pores are generally filled by vermicular kaolinite. Petrographic and granulometric characteristics of these sandstones are similar to the sandstones of the underlying Guadalupe formation. The Guaduas formation represents the transition from marine conditions that prevailed during the Cretaceous to the continental conditions that prevailed during the later Tertiary. The presence of local coal and red beds in the Guaduas are indicative of such an environmental change. However, the formation as a whole represents conditions of marine deposition.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Bogota-area; Colombia-; Cretaceous-; General-description; Guaduas-formation; Mesozoic-; sedimentary-rocks; South-America; stratigraphy-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 12-Stratigraphy
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: illus. incl. geol. sketch map.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2000, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Bibliography and Index of Geology Exclusive of North America, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
IS - ISSN: 0120-0283
CO - CODEN: UISBAV
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1967-003665
UD - UPDATE CODE: 1967
Registro 2857 de 5614 - GeoRef Disc 1: 1785-1974
TI - TITLE: El primer ictiosaurio del cretacico de Colombia.
AU - AUTHORS: Hernandez-Camacho-Jorge; Porta-Jaime-de
SO - SOURCE: Boletin de Geologia (Bucaramanga). 12; Pages 77-82. 1963.
PB - PUBLISHER: Universidad Industrial de Santander. Bucaramanga, Colombia. 1963.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1963
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
LS - LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY: English; French
AB - ABSTRACT: A fragmentary dentary bone of an ichthyosaur is described. It was collected in the vicinity of Piedras, department of Tolima, Colombia. The specimen cannot be satisfactorily identified since it can be referred to either the family Mixosauridae or to Shastasauridae. However, it does not occur in the known stratigraphic range of these families, because the molluscan fauna associated with this specimen indicates a Coniacian (Cretaceous) age. Apparently this is the first record of an ichthyosaur for Colombia.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Chordata-; Colombia-; Coniacian-; Cretaceous-; ichthyosaur-; Mesozoic-; paleontology-; Reptilia-; Senonian-; South-America; Tetrapoda-; Tolima-; Upper-Cretaceous; Vertebrata-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 11-Vertebrate-paleontology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: illus. incl. sketch map.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2000, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Bibliography and Index of Geology Exclusive of North America, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
IS - ISSN: 0120-0283
CO - CODEN: UISBAV
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1967-003666
UD - UPDATE CODE: 1967
Registro 2858 de 5614 - GeoRef Disc 1: 1785-1974
TI - TITLE: Nuevos datos sobre la dinamica del ambito del macizo de Santander durante el secundario (Cordillera Oriental, Colombia).
AU - AUTHORS: Julivert-M
SO - SOURCE: Boletin de Geologia (Bucaramanga). 12; Pages 45-49. 1963.
PB - PUBLISHER: Universidad Industrial de Santander. Bucaramanga, Colombia. 1963.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1963
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
AB - ABSTRACT: The dynamic development of the Santander massif of the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia during the Mesozoic was studied. The Giron formation (Triassic-Jurassic) thins towards the Santander massif and ultimately disappears. The area in which the Giron is absent coincides exactly with the present Santander massif. The unconformity at the base of the Cretaceous indicates that the area of Santander massif was a positive element during earliest Cretaceous time. Stratigraphic relations indicate that the Santander massif acted as a barrier between marine elements until Turonian-Coniacian (Cretaceous) time. Subsequently, lithologies about and on the massif are more uniform indicating that for a brief period it was not a positive element. However, beginning with the Tertiary and orogenesis in the Cordillera Oriental, the Santander massif again became a positive element, ultimately culminating in an anticlinorium that is its present structure.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Colombia-; Mesozoic-; paleogeography-; Santander-Massif; South-America; structural-geology; tectonics-; uplifts-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 16-Structural-geology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: illus. incl. geol. sketch map.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2000, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Bibliography and Index of Geology Exclusive of North America, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
IS - ISSN: 0120-0283
CO - CODEN: UISBAV
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1967-003667
UD - UPDATE CODE: 1967
Registro 2859 de 5614 - GeoRef Disc 1: 1785-1974
TI - TITLE: Nuevas aportaciones al holoceno de Tierrabomba.
AU - AUTHORS: Porta-Jaime-de; Richards-Horace-G; Shapiro-Earl
SO - SOURCE: Boletin de Geologia (Bucaramanga). 12; Pages 35-44. 1963.
PB - PUBLISHER: Universidad Industrial de Santander. Bucaramanga, Colombia. 1963.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1963
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
AB - ABSTRACT: Sands from the beach terrace at Tierra Bomba near Cartagena, Colombia were examined. They are composed of organic fossil material and inorganic material. Variation of the small size faunal composition in the different sand fractions was analyzed. Sixteen pelecypod and 42 gastropod species are added to fauna previously recognized from this area. A Codakia orbicularis specimen was analyzed by the carbon-14 technique and yielded a date of 2850.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: absolute-age; Beach-; C-14; carbon-; Cenozoic-; Colombia-; dates-; environment-; fauna-; fossil-; geomorphology-; Holocene-; Invertebrata-; isotopes-; micropaleontology-; Mollusca-; paleontology-; Quaternary-; radioactive-isotopes; Recent-beach-terrace; sediments-; shore-features; South-America; stratigraphy-; terraces-; Tierra-Bomba; Uplits-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 24-Quaternary-geology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
IL - ILLUSTRATION: illus.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2000, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Bibliography and Index of Geology Exclusive of North America, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
IS - ISSN: 0120-0283
CO - CODEN: UISBAV
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1967-003668
UD - UPDATE CODE: 1967
Registro 2860 de 5614 - GeoRef Disc 1: 1785-1974
TI - TITLE: Estudio estratigrafico del Giron al W del macizo de Santander (Cordillera Oriental, Colombia).
AU - AUTHORS: Navas-G-J
SO - SOURCE: Boletin de Geologia (Bucaramanga). 12; Pages 19-33. 1963.
PB - PUBLISHER: Universidad Industrial de Santander. Bucaramanga, Colombia. 1963.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1963
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
LS - LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY: English; French
AB - ABSTRACT: This is a detailed study of the Giron formation of Triassic-Jurassic age in the Santander massif of Colombia. The Giron was studied in the Lebrija river between Bocas and Conchal on the Bucaramanga-Puerto Wilches railroad. It is 2600 m thick and six subdivisions are recognized. The lower portion consists of 550 m of greenish-gray shales with reddish micaceous shales, sandstones, and conglomerates towards the top. Above this is a lower gray arkosic sequence 170 m thick. This is overlain by 850 m of red shales alternating with sandstone. Above this is an upper arkosic unit 700 m thick. Above this is 230 m of red micaceous shale and local sandstones. At the top are 150 m of coarse conglomerate in a shale matrix. All subdivisions are present west of the Suarez fault, but only the lower subdivisions are present east of this fault. At Bocas, the basal Giron beds are conformable with the Carboniferous but south of Piedecuesta basal Giron beds are unconformable on metamorphics. The top of the Giron is marked by an unconformity above which are Cretaceous sediments.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Colombia-; General-description; Giron-formation; Jurassic-; Mesozoic-; Santander-Massif; sedimentary-rocks; South-America; stratigraphy-; Triassic-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 12-Stratigraphy
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial; Map
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
MS - MAP SCALE: 1:250,000
IL - ILLUSTRATION: illus. incl. colored geol. map .
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2000, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Bibliography and Index of Geology Exclusive of North America, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
IS - ISSN: 0120-0283
CO - CODEN: UISBAV
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1967-003669
UD - UPDATE CODE: 1967
Registro 2861 de 5614 - GeoRef Disc 1: 1785-1974
TI - TITLE: Sobre la presencia de fallas de edad precretacica y post-giron (jura-triasico) en el flanco W del macizo de Santander.
AU - AUTHORS: Julivert-M; Tellez-I-N
SO - SOURCE: Boletin de Geologia (Bucaramanga). 12; Pages 5-17. 1963.
PB - PUBLISHER: Universidad Industrial de Santander. Bucaramanga, Colombia. 1963.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1963
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
AB - ABSTRACT: This is a study of faulting on the west flank of the Santander massif in the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia. Two faults with movement dated as pre-Cretaceous and post-Giron (Triassic-Jurassic) are present. The Aratoca fault has had no displacement since the deposition of Cretaceous beds which are unconformable upon it. The Matanza fault has undergone post-Cretaceous movement, but opposed to the direction of initial movement. This is indicated by the abrupt disappearance of the Giron formation east of the fault. Pre-Cretaceous faults parallel post-Cretaceous faults. Double movement on the Matanza fault is not an isolated feature but probably a general tectonic feature of this region. After or during Giron deposition there was a period of regional extension and formation of normal faults in a depressed area between the Santander massif and Cordillera Central to the west. Post-Cretaceous faults moved as thrust faults related to later folding of the Cordillera Oriental, probably in part along the earlier formed faults.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Colombia-; faults-; Jurassic-; Mesozoic-; Santander-Massif; South-America; structural-geology; west-flank
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 16-Structural-geology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial; Map
BL - BIB LEVEL: Analytic
MS - MAP SCALE: 1:100,000
IL - ILLUSTRATION: illus. incl. geol. map .
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2000, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Bibliography and Index of Geology Exclusive of North America, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
IS - ISSN: 0120-0283
CO - CODEN: UISBAV
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1967-003670
UD - UPDATE CODE: 1967
Registro 2862 de 5614 - GeoRef Disc 1: 1785-1974
BK - BOOK TITLE: Los rasgos tectonicos de la region de la sabana de Bogota y los mecanismos de formacion de las estructuras.
BA - BOOK AUTHORS: Julivert-M
SO - SOURCE: Boletin de Geologia (Bucaramanga). 13-14; 1963.
PB - PUBLISHER: Universidad Industrial de Santander. Bucaramanga, Colombia. Pages: 102. 1963.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1963
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
AB - ABSTRACT: The Bogota plateau is underlain by several thousand meters of Cretaceous marine sediments. The Guadalupe formation of Maestrichtian age, composed of 600 m of marine sandstone, is the only Cretaceous unit that outcrops although younger continental Tertiary sediments outcrop also. From oldest to youngest they are the Guaduas formation, 800 m, and the Cacho sandstone, Bogota formation, La Regadero sandstone, and Usme formation totalling 3000 m. Quaternary lacustrine sediments, terraces, and moraines are the youngest units on the plateau. The competent Guadalupe formation, in a generally incompetent sequence, controls development of structures. The area consists of broad synclines of simple structure and tight asymmetric anticlines. Salt domes are locally present. Structure in the basement is one of broad synclinal warping and faulting. Complex structures at the surface are partly a response to gravity. Local overturning and low angle thrusting are related to a variety of gravity collapse structures. Local Tertiary angular unconformities are the result of tectonism which was intermittent throughout this period. Quaternary tectonism may be related to salt-dome tectonics.
DE - DESCRIPTORS: Cenozoic-; Colombia-; Cretaceous-; geologic-; gravity-sliding; maps-; Mesozoic-; Quaternary-; Sabana-de-Bogota; salt-tectonics; South-America; structural-geology; tectonics-; Tertiary-
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 16-Structural-geology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Serial
BL - BIB LEVEL: Monograph
IL - ILLUSTRATION: illus. incl. colored geol. maps, under separate cover.
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2000, American Geological Institute. Reference includes data from Bibliography and Index of Geology Exclusive of North America, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States
IS - ISSN: 0120-0283
CO - CODEN: UISBAV
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1967-003681
UD - UPDATE CODE: 1967
Registro 2863 de 5614 - GeoRef Disc 1: 1785-1974
BK - BOOK TITLE: The geology of Planch L-12 (Peralonso-Medina area) of the geologic map of Colombia.
BA - BOOK AUTHORS: Segovia-Nerhot-Antonio-Valentin
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United-States
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1963
DG - DEGREE GRANTED: Doctoral
DI - DEGREE GRANTING INSTITUTION: Pennsylvania State University, University Park. University Park, PA, United States. Pages: 263. 1963.
LA - LANGUAGE: English
DE - DESCRIPTORS: areal-geology; Colombia-; geologic-maps; maps-; Medina-; Peralonso-; Planch-; South-America
CC - CATEGORY CODES: 13-Areal-geology
DT - DOCUMENT TYPE: Thesis-or-Dissertation
BL - BIB LEVEL: Monograph
RF - REFERENCE SOURCE: GeoRef, Copyright 2000, American Geological Institute.
AN - ACCESSION NUMBER: 1989-029457
UD - UPDATE CODE: 1989
Registro 2864 de 5614 - GeoRef Disc 1: 1785-1974
TI - TITLE: Historia geologica de Colombia.
AU - AUTHORS: Buergl-Hans
SO - SOURCE: Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales. 11; 43, Pages 137-194. 1962.
PB - PUBLISHER: Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales. Bogota, Colombia. 1962.
CP - COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: Colombia
PY - PUBLICATION YEAR: 1962
LA - LANGUAGE: Spanish
AB - ABSTRACT: An outline of the geologic history of Colombia; includes introductory remarks by Luis Guillermo Duran and a biographic sketch of Buergl (by Dabeya Giraldo de Cuervo). The two major regions of Colombia comprise an eastern zone of relatively horizontal Mesozoic and Cenozoic sediments overlying Precambrian basement rocks and the Andean geosynclinal zone, in which marine, continental, and volcanic materials have been deposited since Cambrian time and subjected to folding and dislocation during various tectonic phases, intrusion of magmas, and uplift. Data on areas and cycles of sedimentation, lithology, faunas, and tectonic activity are reported. The English translation is by N. R. Rowlinson.
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