Title: Journal of Digestive Diseases

Title: Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology

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? Chen, G.M., Pan, J.J., Han, B.X. and Yan, H. (1999), Adsorption of Methylene blue on montmorillonite. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 20 (4), 1179-1187.

Full Text: 1999\J Dis Sci Tec20, 1179.pdf

Abstract: Adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) on Na-, Fe- and Al-montmorillonite suspensions at 298.15 K were studied. The effect of different exchangeable cation on the adsorption amount of MB was determined. The results show that methylene blue cations (MB⁺) replace Na⁺ more easily than they do Fe³⁺ and Al³⁺. The adsorption isotherms on the three montmorillonites were all of Langmuir type, except that the isotherm of MB on Na-montmorillonite presents nonmonotonic curve at low surface coverage. The specific surface areas in suspension were calculated by MB method, and Na⁺ is more effective to determine the specific surface area by MB method in suspension than Fe³⁺ and Al³⁺. The discrepancy of the specific surface area measured by MB and BET method was discussed.

Keywords: Methylene Blue, Na-, Fe- and Al-Montmorillonite, Adsorption Isotherm, Specific Surface Area

? Knag, M. (2006), Fundamental behavior of model corrosion inhibitors. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 27 (5), 587-597.

Full Text: 2006\J Dis Sci Tec27, 587.pdf

Abstract: Corrosion inhibition is a complex process of great economic importance that has been addressed in both empirical tests in industry and more detailed experiments in academia. Organic corrosion inhibitors are based on surface-active compounds, which have been investigated thoroughly in colloid and surface science. In this review, the intention is to connect the physicochemical properties of surfactants to their corrosion-inhibiting performance. The importance of adequate packing of corrosion inhibitors at the metal surface, as well as how the packing can be improved by co surfactants, is adressed. An investigation of the adsorption of corrosion inhibitor to the oil/water interface showed that the interface is capable of consuming considerable amounts of inhibitor when emulsified. The combination of cationic polymers and anionic surfactant proved to adsorb as a well-covering film, highly efficient in reducing the corrosion rate. The results are most interesting since it shows that a higher inhibiting efficiency can be achieved even at moderate added amounts of these polymers. This is beneficial from both an economic and environmental point of view.

Keywords: Corrosion Inhibition, Ionic Surfactant, Cationic Polymer, Adsorption, Corrosion Rate, Corrosion Potential, Critical Micelle Concentration, Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Langmuir Film, Linear Polarization Resistance, Nonionic Surfactants, Phase-Equilibria, Water, Adsorption, Alcohol, System, Salts, Temperature, Emulsions, CTAB

? Alam, M.J.B., Dikshit, A.K., Banerjee, M., Reza, I. and Rahman, A.M. (2006), Study of sorption of 2,4-D on outer peristaltic part of waste tire rubber granules. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 27 (6), 843-849.

Full Text: 2006\J Dis Sci Tec27, 843.pdf

Abstract: From this study it was evident that outer peristaltic parts of waste tire granules gave the highest removal. Film and pore diffusions are the major factors controlling rates of sorption from solution by porous adsorbents. For sorption of 2,4-D on waste tire rubber granules, the sorption rate coefficient of second-order kinetic equation was utilized indirectly to determine the rate-limiting step. The diffusion coefficient lies in the scale of 10^-8 cm²/s, and the pore diffusion coefficient is in the range of 10^-9 -10^-1 cm²/s. So both film and pore diffusion are rate limiting. Considering external mass transfer from fluid to particle, using the effect of initial concentration, and using the effect of adsorbent size, no conclusion was reached regarding rate-controlling steps. It is apparent from the study that external mass transfer (film diffusion) as well as intra-particle diffusion (pore diffusion) play significant roles in the sorption process for 2,4-D removal from water onto rubber granules.

Keywords: Outer Peristaltic Part, Rate-Limiting Steps, Diffusion, Interruption Test, Fixed-Bed Adsorbers, Predictive Model, Activated Carbon, Adsorption, Kinetics, Design

? Rai, P.B., Banerjee, S.S. and Jayaram, R.V. (2007), Removal of disperse dyes from aqueous solution using sawdust and BDTDA-sawdust. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 28 (7), 1066-1071.

Full Text: 2007\J Dis Sci Tec28, 1066.pdf

Abstract: The adsorption of two disperse dyes, disperse blue 56 and disperse red from aqueous solution onto sawdust (SD) and benzyldimethyltetradecyl ammonium (BDTDA) treated sawdust has been studied. The effect of initial concentration of dyes, pH, and contact time has been studied. The pH had a considerable influence on adsorption and optimum pH for adsorption of disperse dyes is found to be in the range of 2-3. The experimental data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm equations. The experimental data were fitted well to pseudo first order kinetic model with R-2 > 0.99. The results indicate that sawdust modified with surfactant can be employed as a low cost alternative to commercial activated carbon for the removal of disperse dyes.

Keywords: Adsorption, Sawdust, Bdtda Treated Sawdust, Disperse Dyes, Langmuir Equation, Freundlich Equation, Methylene-Blue, Coir Pith, Adsorption, Waste, Wast

? Zhang, J.B., Yang, Y.X., Wang, Z.L., Huang, Z. and Chen, Y.R. (2009), Adsorption properties of Zhejiang diatomite modified by supramolecule. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 30 (1), 83-91.

Full Text: 2009\J Dis Sci Tec30, 83.pdf

Abstract: In this article, Zhejiang diatomite was modified by crown ester and calix[8] arene via a decyclization and polymerization of epoxy resin. Using spectrophotometer at 655 nm with dicarboxyarsenazo III as solvent, the isotherm of the modified diatomite adsorbing trivalent neodymium ions was determined that changed from II type to IV, V type respectively when diatomite was covered more than 0.075g supramolecule/g diatomite, and the adsorption isotherm equation was also obtained. Adsorption of trivalent neodymium ions on the diatomite or the supramolecule modified diatomite was pH-dependent and well fitted by pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic model when the rate constants were allowed to be evaluated separately.

Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorption Isotherm, Adsorption Kinetic Model, Diatomite, Neodymium Ion, Rate Constants, Supramolecule, Surface

? Atia, A.A., Donia, A.M. and El-Nomany, H.H. (2009), Adsorption of mercury(II) on amidoxime chelating resins with magnetic properties. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 30 (4), 451-458.

Full Text: 2009\J Dis Sci Tec30, 451.pdf

Abstract: Two amidoxime chelating resins were prepared. The preparation process was carried out through copolymerization of acrylonitrile with N,N’-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker in the presence and absence of magnetite (Fe₃O₄) particles. The resins obtained were subsequently treated with hydroxylamine to give the corresponding amidoxime chelating resins. The uptake behavior of the resins toward Hg(II) in aqueous solutions using batch and column techniques was studied. The oxide containing resin gave higher uptake capacities relative to oxide free resin confirming the advantage of embedded particles on the uptake capacity. Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of the uptake process were calculated. Regeneration of the resins was carried out using 0.5M KI and the desorption ratio was found to be more than 97%.

Keywords: Acrylonitrile, Amidoxime Resins, Aqueous-Solutions, Complexation, Fiber, Hg(II), Magnetic Resins, Mercury(II), Removal, Samples, Separation, Trace-Metal Ions, Uptake Behavior

? Aiad, I. and Negm, N.A. (2009), Some corrosion inhibitors based on schiff base surfactants for mild steel equipments. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 30 (8), 1142-1147.

Full Text: 2009\J Dis Sci Tec30, 1142.pdf

Abstract: Two series of Schiff base amphiphiles were prepared throughout condensation of benzaldehyde or anisaldehyde and three different fatty amines with various alkyl chain length; namely: dodecyl, hexadecyl and octadecyl amine. The chemical structures of the prepared Schiff bases were confirmed using elemental analysis, FTIR, and 1H-NMR spectra. The data of structural analysis for these compounds were confirmed the chemical structures and the purity of the synthesized amphiphiles. The synthesized Schiff base amphiphiles were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for low carbon steel (mild steel) in various acidic media (HCl and H2SO4) using weight loss technique. The corrosion inhibition measurements of these inhibitors showed high protection of the low carbon steel alloys against corrosion process in the tested acidic media at different periods as well as they have good biocidel effectagainest SRB. The discussion was correlated the efficient corrosion inhibition of these inhibitors to their chemical structures.

Keywords: Corrosion Inhibition, Mild Steel Alloys, Schiff Base Amphiphiles, Surface Activity, Biological-Activity, Acidic Solutions, Sulfuric-Acid, HCl, Complexes, Hydrogen

? Danish, M., Sulaiman, O., Rafatullah, M., Hashim, R. and Ahmad, A. (2010), Kinetics for the removal of paraquat dichloride from aqueous solution by activated date (Phoenix dactylifera) stone carbon. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 31 (2), 248-259.

Full Text: 2010\J Dis Sci Tec31, 248.pdf

Abstract: For the adsorption of Paraquat dichloride (1,1’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridyl dichloride) from synthetic aqueous solutions, batch experiments were carried out to study the kinetics of Paraquat dichloride onto calcium oxide activated date (Phoenix dactylifera) stone carbon powder (particle size dia. about 0.85 mm). Studies were conducted at various initial concentrations of 75 mg/L, 100 mg/L, and 125 mg/L of Paraquat dichloride with 8.0 g/L of adsorbent dose. The equilibrium time was found to be 140 minutes. Maximum removal was observed at pH 9.0. The regression analysis for the experimental data showed that the removal kinetic profiles followed a pseudo-second order kinetic models for all initial concentrations, pH, temperature, and salinity of sorbate. The experimental data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models. Thermodynamic parameters, such as standard change in Gibbs free energy, standard change in enthalpy, and standard change in entropy, were evaluated, indicating that the overall adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous in nature.

Keywords: Adsorbent, Adsorbent Dose, Adsorbents, Adsorption, Analysis, Aqueous Solutions, Batch, Batch Experiments, Calcium, Calcium Oxide, Carbon, Data, Energy, Enthalpy, Entropy, Equilibrium, Exothermic, Experimental, Experiments, Freundlich, Gibbs Free Energy, Isotherm, Kinetic, Kinetic Models, Kinetics, Langmuir, Models, Montmorillonite, Oxide, Paraquat, Paraquat Dichloride, Particle Size, pH, Phoenix Dactylifera, Phosphoric-Acid, Pits, Profiles, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo-Second Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Regression, Regression Analysis, Removal, Salinity, Size, Solutions, Sorbate, Sorption, Standard, Temperature, Thermodynamic, Thermodynamic Parameters, Time

? Rafatullah, M., Sulaiman, O., Hashim, R. and Ahmad, A. (2010), Adsorption of copper(II) onto different adsorbents. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 31 (7), 918-930.

Full Text: 2010\J Dis Sci Tec31, 918.pdf

Abstract: Removal of copper(II) from aqueous solution of CuCl₂ center dot 2H₂O by different adsorbents, namely, sissoo sawdust, activated carbon, and fly ash were investigated. Adsorption of copper(II) on sissoo sawdust, activated carbon, and fly ash has been studied using batch techniques. Kinetic and isotherm studies were determined as a function of the solution pH, temperature, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and initial adsorbate concentration. Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Temkin isotherms were used to analyze the equilibrium data at different temperatures. The maximum adsorption capacities for copper(II) on sissoo sawdust, activated carbon, and fly ash adsorbents at 30, 40, and 50°C temperatures were found to be 263.2, 166.6, and 142.8; 125.0, 88.49, and 72.46; 69.93, 181.8, and 111.1mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamics of copper(II) adsorption on sissoo sawdust, activated carbon, and fly ash indicates its spontaneous and endothermic nature. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Adsorbent, Adsorption, Aqueous-Solutions, Cadmium, Cd(II), Copper, Equilibrium, Fly Ash, Heavy-Metal Ions, Isotherm, Isotherms, Kinetic, Kinetics, Langmuir, Pinus-Sylvestris, Removal, Sawdust, Sissoo Sawdust, Sorption, Waste-Water

? Al-Sabagh, A.M., Elsabee, M., Elazabawy, O.E. and El-Tabey, A.E. (2010), Corrosion inhibition efficiency of polytriethanolamine surfactants for pipe-lines carbon steel in 1M HCl. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 31 (10), 1288-1297.

Full Text: 2010\J Dis Sci Tec31, 1288.pdf

Abstract: Fifteen organic compounds were prepared from triethanolamine and its derivative. The triethanolamine was polymerized by condensation to get P4, P6, and P8 at different molecular weight. The P8 was ethoxylated at different ethylene oxide units (en) (40, 100, and 120) to obtain three compounds (E(en)P8). Every degree of ethoxylate was esterified with 1, 4, and 8moles of oleic acid to get on 9 ethoxylated polytriethanolamine esters (E(en)P8Om). The effect of adding these organic compounds on the electrochemical behavior of carbon steel in 1M HCl was investigated by using the weight loss technique. The reported results in this study show that the addition of these surfactants inhibits the corrosion of carbon steel. The inhibition efficiency (I%) for each inhibitor increases with increasing the concentration. The maximum inhibition efficiency (95%) was obtained by (E(40)P8O1) at 600ppm. The inhibitive efficiency was discussed on the light of chemical structure of the used inhibitors.

Keywords: Corrosion Inhibitors; Ethoxylation Reaction; Polymeric Surfactants; Polytriethanolamine, Hydrochloric-Acid Solution; Mild-Steel; Amine Surfactants; Adsorption; H2SO4; Dissolution; Pipelines; Chloride; Media; Iron

? Alandis, N.M., Aldayel, O.A., Mekhemer, W.K., Hefne, J.A. and Jokhab, H.A. (2010), Thermodynamic and kinetic studies for the adsorption of Fe(III) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution using natural bentonite. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 31 (11), 1526-1534.

Full Text: 2010\J Dis Sci Tec31, 1526.pdf

Abstract: In this study, the adsorption behavior of natural bentonite with respect to Fe(III) and Ni(II) has been studied in order to consider its application to purity metal finishing wastewaters. During the adsorption process, batch technique is used, and the effects of pH, bentoite amount, temperature, heavy metal concentration, bentonite treatment (calcinations of natural bentonite at 700°C, washing by deionized water to remove the excess salt from bentonite surface), and agitation time on adsorption efficiency are studied. The washed and calcined bentonite samples were labeled by WB and CB, respectively. The pH-dependence of Fe(III) and Ni(II) sorption on the bentonite is significantly more noticeable, indicating a major contribution of surface complexation at the edge sites. It was determined that adsorption of Fe(III) and Ni(II) is well fitted by the second order reaction kinetic. Furthermore, the sorption rate of Fe(III) was higher than the sorption rate of Ni(II). Adsorption of Fe(III) and Ni(II) on NB appeared to follow Langmuir isotherm. In addition, calculated and experimental adsorbed amounts of Fe(III) by the unit NB mass are very higher than Ni(II). The paper also discusses the thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption (the Gibbs free energy, entropy, and enthalpy). Our results demonstrate that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic under natural conditions. Also the adsorption capacity of bentonite for Fe(III) Ni(II) and increases with increased bentonite dose. According to the equilibrium studies, the selectivity sequence can be given as Fe(III)Ni(II). The adsorbed amount of Fe(III) and Ni(II) on washed bentonite (WB) were very higher compared to NB and CB. Our results show that bentonite could especially WB be considered as a potential adsorbent for Fe(III) and Ni(II) removal from aqueous solutions.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Adsorbent, Adsorption, Adsorption Capacity, Aqueous Solutions, Batch, Batch Technique, Bentonite, Cadmium, Capacity, Competitive Adsorption, Contribution, Copper, Equilibrium, Heavy Metal, Heavy Metals, Heavy-Metals, Isotherm, Isotherms, Kinetic, Kinetics, Langmuir, Langmuir Isotherm, Montmorillonite, Natural Bentonite, Ni(II), Ni(II) Removal, pH, Process, Removal, Second-Order, Selectivity, Single-Component, Sorption, Temperature, Thermodynamic, Thermodynamic Parameters, Thermodynamics, Treatment, Waste-Water, Wastewaters, Water

? Donia, A.M., Atia, A.A., Daher, A.M., Desouky, O.A. and Elshehy, E.A. (2011), Synthesis of amine/thiol magnetic resin and study of its interaction with Zr(IV) and Hf(IV) ions in their aqueous solutions. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 32 (5), 634-641.

Full Text: 2011\J Dis Sci Tec32, 634.pdf

Abstract: Magnetic chelating resins containing amino/thiol groups have been prepared. The interaction of the obtained resin with Zr(IV) and Hf(IV) from their aqueous solutions was studied. The uptake capacity of 1.96 and 1.35 mmol/g were obtained for the two metal ions, respectively. Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption of Zr(IV) and Hf(IV) by the investigated resin R-GAT follows the pseudo second order kinetics. The mechanism of interaction between the resin and the studied metal ions could be explained on the basis of the formation of resin-metal complex. The higher efficiency of the magnetic resin towards uptake of Zr(IV) and Hf(IV) was also confirmed through batch and column studies. Regeneration of the resin was achieved using 0.5M HNO₃. The durability of the resins was checked up to 8cycles with no appreciable change in uptake capacity or durability.

Keywords: Adsorption, Chelating Resins, Exchange, Extraction, Gel, Hafnium, Hafnium, Ion Exchange, Kinetic, Kinetics, Magnetic, Magnetic Resins, Mechanism, Regeneration, Removal, Resin, Resins, Separation, Zirconium, Zirconium

? Shah, B.A., Shah, A.V., Mistry, C.B., Tailor, R.V. and Patel, H.D. (2011), Surface modified bagasse fly ash zeolites for removal of reactive black-5. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 32 (9), 1247-1255.

Full Text: 2011\J Dis Sci Tec32, 1247.pdf

Abstract: Zeolites were synthesized form Bagasse fly ash using the mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride by conventional as well as microwave heating, for the effective removal of reactive black-5 from aqueous solution. The virgin and synthesized sorbents were characterized by XRD, XRF, SEM, and FTIR. The influence of operating variables such as pH, contact time, sorbent dose, initial dye concentration and temperature were evaluated. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model best represents the equilibrium data than the Temkin isotherms for the sorption of dye. Sorption kinetics can be best represented by a pseudo-second-order rate expression.

Keywords: Activated Carbons, Adsorption, Aqueous Solution, Ash, Bagasse, Bagasse Fly Ash, Chloride, Dye, Dyes, Equilibrium, Fly Ash, Freundlich, Freundlich Isotherm, FTIR, Isotherm, Isotherms, Kinetics, Langmuir, Microwave, Modified, pH, Pseudo Second Order, Reactive Black 5, Reactive Black-5, Removal, Resins, Rice-Husk, SEM, Sorbent, Sorption, Sorption Kinetics, Temperature, Waste-Water, Zeolite