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How has technology contribute to the contribute to film making. At the beginning of film production films were purely made by early forms of technology. Such as motion cameras and lightings. As simple ,plain and boring as this might seem and sound this was a major achievement. The reason why I say this is because films were purely done on throughout stage performances so it had transcended from solely stage performing to being recorded and stored via motion cameras. The introduction of motion cameras allowed producers and production companies to record their productions effectively and flexibly such as recording scenes in a chronological order, the options to do scene cutting and editing lengthier projects. As time went by inventors/pioneers started to create and develop useful tools and resources. As time went on mankind went evolved from fire lighting to electrical lighting, riding cycles to motor cycles ,car waggons run by horses attached to them to motored cars. Technology as played a vital role in the development of our world from communication, medical methods transportation and entertainment. motion cameras may not appeal to many as a technology gadget because it’s not as hi-tec as the modern days ones were a custom to by the motion cameras are basic technology. Truth be told this was a big thing when it came out the fuss and buzz this invention caused sparked a revolution that would go on to change the filming industry. it gave other inventors and productions and companies new ideas on making their own inventions. The films that were being made in the early stages of films recorded were mainly black and white ones, no sound and not a lot of special effects. As time went by technology grew that would be changing the world as it happened. The film industry benefited massively because of this aspect. The industry created production sites where they would make studios for recording and practicing their projects. Technology created lights and studios this meant producers could recruit actors and train them. They could record, practice and edit projects over and over till they felt comfortable to publish their work to the public. The introduction of cinemas increased audiences whenever a production company would create a movie because of technology they could control how audiences could view their movies by working in association with cinemas a large number of production companies could maintain and make a profit of their works. The television helped the filming company a lot for at one period films productions fell out with cinemas which prompted companies to turn to the television system as it was much more affective and cheaper at one period in the filming industry. a lot of production companies turned their attentions away from this method cause although it also cost them a loss in profit so they had to rearrange how they could make good quality films and still generate profit of their projects. The introduction of sound to films was an surprise and blessing. Synchronized sound would again revolutionize the film industry to a next a level. Before films were made with no sound then with diegetic sounds to none diegetic sounds and sound effects made off screen bout would be done in the recording studio but edited in the film at certain scenes in the film. like the sound of lightning flashes , loud bombings, voice overs,( first person speaker and second person speakers when there is someone speaking by the actor/actors are not speaking). According to an article on the memeburn.com website “The process of synching sound had been achieved in 1914 with The Photo-Drama of Creation, in which slides and phonograph records were synched up. But it was Warner Brothers’ Vitaphone that took the system to feature films”. This then lead to actors starting to speak in films and singing this shock up the film industry causing a major shakeup what do I mean by that? Well before technology has allowed the audience to see the actors but never hear their voices. With the introduction of sounds the world could hear them audiences had mix responds to the actors voices this caused the industries to recruit actors with better voices to a custom the new filming methods that was taking over tremendously. Technology pathed the way for a lot of people who could not get the chance to make an entry into the filming industry. opened the door for new genres and work opportunities such as sound engineering, set oorganizers, voice trainers and more. Inventors and film producers thought of the idea of adding colour to movies. by adding colour to films the industry would never be the same again. This method changed the industry also the filming world for the better it added realism to that critic the hard work that film writers and producers have been longing for to show more than just black and features of a movie. The addition of sound to movies meant that a great thing the addition of colouring meant a greater thing as the audience become star struck and fascinated to the new form of filming they were seeing. Computers have made filming making a fun and amazing thing by digitalizing the films in HD and 3D Quality this makes the audience able to view films in a colourful graphical ways. the transformation of film making is due to computers and other technology methods. The computer systems input has allowed production companies good edit and create a lot of realism and none realism to wow the fans across the world. Like sky diving scenes when the actors are really in a studio and not actually not in the area sky diving out a plan or jumping out a collapsing building. The computerized system has allowed production companies to create animated film which a purely fiction type films or even making films that have real life characters acting alongside animated characters like Michael Jordan with the looney Toons characters “space jam”. The animated cartoon series transformers was able to be made into a movies because of computer and technologies. Action packed films as these are would make audience jump and filled with amusement. The computerized system allowed production to ale a number of sound effects to show versatility to many films scary films became more realist and scary because of the technology effects on films over time as technology developed. The technology impact will only get better as time goes on with the increasing movie ideas and the large number of film production companies. technologies impact on the filming industry is massive as it revolutionized the industry and made it into a profitable business. Reference used http://memeburn.com/2013/02/9-tech-innovations-that-changed-the-film-industry-through-the-ages/ Jackson Cabulo - 3201127 Research paper 2
What is Open source software? Open-source software also known as “OSS” is a computer software with a source code that can be changed by anyone. The “source code” is the bit of the software that users don’t tend to see and is what makes the software function. Computer programmers that have access to the code can improve or change the way the program functions for example fixing bits that are not working the way it should work or adding features to look appealing. Many people tend to think that all open source software is free. Not all-open source software is free, well most open source software are but not all. Programmers can charge for open source software that they created but the facts that open source software licenses requires that the source code should come along with the software, the programmers think that charging for software service and the software as well is advantageous. What is Proprietary software? Proprietary software is software’s that was created by an organization / company or an individual. Proprietary software’s tend to have a lot legal rights. The codes are never revealed and are always kept as a secret. What is the difference between open source software and Proprietary software? Proprietary software also known, as “closed source software” means the corporate that created the software owns the software and the software has copyrights so that no one can copy or re-sell it without any mutual consent or agreement from the software owner/company. Proprietary users have to pay to use software, for example Microsoft Office, Adobe CS6, Final Cut pro and etc. On the other hand Open source software is software’s that are free to use and also come with the code for anyone to modify and improve functions, for example Mozilla Firefox, Open Office and etc.
Why do people prefer to use open source software? Majority of people prefer open source software because it is controllable. They can go through the code to make sure it is doing the correct function and isn’t doing anything they don’t want it to do. People that don’t know how to program or isn’t familiar with coding can also take advantage of an open source program because they can use it for anything they want and you can get it free of charge. People also like open source software’s because it helps them understand coding better and it helps them become a better programmer. Students tend to look at other open source software to see what is written down to improve their coding / programming skills. Another reason why people like open source software’s is because they strongly believe it is more secure and stable than other types of software’s. Because anyone can edit open source software and also stating the fact that no one is perfect, mistakes do get made when creating software’s. So with open source software’s the users have the ability to modify the errors. Simply because you don’t have to ask for permission to change codes on an open source software, open source software normally are quick to update. Lastly lots of users use open source software to store their projects and use it for a long term project because programmers that rely on software critical tasks can guarantee their tools won’t disappear or start coming up as error if the original creators stop working on them. Is open source software only important to computer programmers? No. Open source software can be important to non-programmers as well as programmers. Where much of the Internet is made on many open source technologies like the Linux operating system and the Apache Web server application, people using the Internet can take advantage from open source software. Every time computer users view sites, Inbox emails, use social media to chat with friends, stream music online, or play video games, their computers, game console or mobile phone connect to a global network of computers that directs and transfers their data to the “Local” devices they have. The computers that do all the important work are not located locally; they are usually located in locations where users are unable to see or can’t get physical access. This is the reason why people call them “remote computers”. The number for people relying on remote computers is increasing. The numbers are increasing because more people are using remote computers do what ever they need to on their local device for example, they use online word processing, email management, and imaging editing software that isn’t installed or run on their personal computers. Rather than installing software’s, they basically access these programs on remote computers by using a web browser or mobile phone application. Some people call remote computing “cloud computing” because it includes doings like storing files, sharing photos, or watching videos. Cloud computing is an important aspect that is increasing for users that use Internet in their everyday life. Simply because people use device’s that connect to the Internet. Over time, Microsoft has been updating / upgrading and releasing new versions of their current software. For example people could have Microsoft word version 2010 and some can have the latest version that is the Microsoft word version 2015. This indicates that Microsoft is upgrading their open source software for users. With free open source software’s, people are still purchasing expensive software’s like excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, OneNote, Word, Access and Publisher. These all come under the Microsoft office folder. Normally when purchasing a laptop or computer system the employees say that purchasing Microsoft office is compulsory. So when buying a computer or laptop an extra fee is adding because of the Microsoft office. Everyone has different views on open-source software and purchasing expensive software. The latest version of software is always going to cost more than the old versions but is buying the latest version always beneficial because the difference between the old and the new version might not be different or the difference between them might not be a big. Microsoft will charge more for office 2015 more than office 2013. Reason being for this is that the latest version has upgrades and new features. Some people have shown that they like open-source software and have also mentioned that it can benefit businesses. Where as many businesses and government organizations use open source software, it is massively becoming known that the price is not the only advantage software have against others. Software such as Linux is a company that uses open source software so that people are able to modify source code so that it functions the way they want it to. Some people will prefer to purchase expensive software than use open source. There are many reasons for this. Some feel like the expensive software that they purchase will work better for the job than an open source. Some people don’t like experimenting things and want to be sure that the software will work every time. So to be on the safe side, they go for the software that you can update and can be protected at all times for example Internet security. Another reason for people not wanting free software is that you might get pop ups, this could be annoying to users because people don’t want to be getting pop ups of advertisement every second. Mini Survey As part of this research a mini survey / questionnaire was handed out to get some people’s opinion on free and charged software’s. The questions on the mini survey handed out was –
For the first question on the mini survey, the common answer was “Yes”. People have spent money on software that have similar aspects to free ones because they was not educated about software and thought that the free software can not function basic tasks that the software they bought can do. On the second question the common answer was that having software’s such as “Excel” is compulsory to have as a business organization holding important information for everyday of the week. On the third question not too much of a good point was made. The point was that at first when you use software you use it as a hobby and you self teach yourself new things for example “Photoshop”. For media students it’s a must have software for editing photos but may not be beneficial because you prefer other software like “lightroom”. But on the other hand it benefits them because they gained some knowledge on how to edit and use different tools. On the fourth question, which was the last question on the mini survey, was a question to see what type of software people tend to spend their money on. Common answer for the question was media software such as, Adobe CS6, Final Cut pro, Sony Vegas pro, Reason, Fruity loops, Logic, and etc. Conclusion People that own laptops and desktops computer can pick how they want to purchase there software, whether it cost them or not. Some people will use open source software to access software’s like word, excel and etc. I personally use open source software because it is easy to access and can be accessed with my mobile phone anywhere as long as I’m connected to the Internet. And also I can make changes to the function so that it works just the way I want I to work. With that being stated people would still choose to purchase software rather than use free ones because they feel more protected and secure. When purchasing a software, you have the option to download / install on multiply computers of your choice but some software may apply extra charges for you to have the option of being able to install a software on more than one computer system. Now going back to the main question “why do people buy expensive software such as Microsoft office” People buy these expensive software because they do not know much about software’s. People tend to think that there is nothing better than buying quality products with great features that free software doesn’t offer. Another reason to why people buy expensive software’s is because they feel more secure and protected. For example they bought a product that only they can access and no one else, where as on open source software’s you can get some of your information’s hacked. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software (Accessed 12th November 2015) https://sites.google.com/site/emersonseportfolio/my (Accessed 12th November 2015) http://opensource.com/resources/what-open-source (Accessed 13th November 2015) http://www.slideshare.net/makyong1/proprietary-and-open-source-software (Accessed 12th November 2015) https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ListOfOpenSourcePrograms (Accessed 13th November 2015) http://www.linfo.org/proprietary.html (Accessed 13th November 2015) HISTORY OF MICROSOFT CORPORATION Martinho Do Reino TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Summary 2 How Microsoft was founded Microsoft and Media 4.1 Legal issues 4.2 Competition with search engines 5.1 Microsoft in the mobile phone and gaming world 6 Microsoft and internet 6.1 Change of guard 6.2 Philanthropy 7 Conclusion 7.1 Reference 8 SUMMARY 2 Microsoft the world leading software developer came to set standards in the world of computing and it changed business as we know it. Two young men armed with just great ideas and deep knowledge of software development show the world what is possible when dedicate time and effort and put hard work. Microsoft was founded in Albuquerque New Mexico USA, in 1975 all started after Paul Allen have read a magazine called popular electronics, and saw a microcomputer Altair 88000 and decided that, it would be a good idea to contact MITS the maker of Altair from that point the door of opportunity was kicked wide open. After that the next big job that lined up for Microsoft was creating a programming language for IBM, in November of 1976 Bill Gates and Paul Allen registered the trademark Microsoft as their own and parted ways with MITS, in 1981 Microsoft was incorporated and Bill Gates retain 54% of the company and Allen and Ballmer retained 31% and 8% respectively. By mid 1990s many Microsoft competitors raised a red flag over Microsoft business practice and started to be concern. Microsoft accelerated its revolution when in august of 1995 it launched windows 95. Microsoft didn’t always have it easy, it went through tough times and tough tests for instance in august 1998 its CEO Bill Gates testify via video to the US department of justice, 7 of june 2000 a judge presiding over Microsoft trial, called Microsoft an abusive monopoly. In the same year Microsoft revenues reached $230 billion and its employees about 40.000. In 2006 Bill Gates stepped back from all his roles and pass the baton to company’s other managers.
Two long time friends from seattle WA USA namely Bll Gates and Paul Allen made a revolution in the world of computing,Paul Allen saw an article in popular electronics magazine about a microcomputer ALTAIR 88000.Bill Gates called MITTS the company that made Altair 88000 and told the company executives that he and Paul could write a programming language for Altair,after two months , Bill and Paul presented their new program to MITTS who in turn agreed to distribute in the product in the market under the name of Altair basics.(changed BASICS, a widely famous programming language into a programme that could be used on personal computer the ALTAIR). Soon after this development Bill Gates and Paul Allen founded a company that would be a very well known worldwide: Microsoft the year was 1975 and the location was New Mexico.Bill Gates and Paul Allen created their second programming language, Microsoft Fortran followed by COBOL in 1978, both of these programs were written for operating system called CP/M. By the end of 1978 Microsoft had 14 employees and a subsidiary in japan and $1 million in revenues. In 1979 Microsoft moved from New Mexico to Bellevue, Washington where everything started. In 1980 a friend of Bill Gates since days of Harvard, Steve Ballmer was hired by Microsoft to run the administrative side of the company.The relation between Steve Ballmer and his new boss was not always smooth, but sometimes rocky due to the fact that Mr Ballmer wanted to expand but Bill Gates was very conservative in spending. In 1981 Microsoft became MICROSOFT INC, with Bill Gates as its first president and chairman and Paul Allen its executive vice-president in this same period the company reached 128 employees and $ 16 billion in revenues. The company struck gold for the first time when in 1980 the international business machine (IBM) gave it a contract to produce a operating system for its first personal computer, the IBM pc. Microsoft did not waste time, they bought an operating system from another company and modified it to certain specifications and renamed it MS-DOS, ‘ disk operating system’ and this system was released in 1981. From that point in time most companies in computing business licensed Ms-Dos as their operating system, creating a huge source of income for Microsoft. In the 1990s Microsoft sold over 100 million copies of the program it crushed its rivals operating system such as CP/M. Microsoft solidified its dominance in operating system realm with windows , a graphical user interface when it launched a third version of windows in 1990,yet again it gained more grounds. In 1993 , windows 3.0 and the following versions were selling at the rate of one million copies per month by late 1993 nearly 90 per cent of the world’s computer ran on Microsoft operating system. Windows 95 was launched in 1995 which fully integrated Ms-Dos with windows, which was a challenger to Apple computer’s Mac Os.Microsoft also became increasingly a leader in production of software such as word processing, and spreadsheet programs, leaving behind rivals like LOTUS and Wordperfect in the competition. MICROSOFT AND MEDIA 4.1 With all its success, Microsoft did not forget about its electronic division which was created in 1985,this division was notable for its creation of Encarta. It blazed a new trail (that of media) Microsoft network joined forces with NATIONAL BROADCASTING COMPANY (NBC) and formed MSNBC one of USA major television network. Microsoft also invested $56 in entertainment inc, a company that provide a video on demand service. LEGAL ISSUES 4.2 Microsoft became the most successful company in America, if not in all history of America , it reached a 2 billion dollars in net income in the early 2000 and its success continued throughout 2000s,by 2009 its net income soared to $ 14 billion, with all this success Microsoft also made itself enemies , as we all know in a highly competitive industry in order to succeed sometimes we have to fight .In 1994 some rivals sued Microsoft for violating US laws for its business practices were unfair. Microsoft rebutted that it never tried to create monopoly, however admitted that its software are getting cheaper and more practical.US department of justice came to conclusion that in fact some of Microsoft business practice discourage customers from trying other company’s programs, and Microsoft had to change some of its business practices.1995 The justice department of USA challenged Microsoft intention of buying INTUIT INC, the most successful maker of financial software for personal computer. 1999 a judge found Microsoft in violation of Anti-trust law, after a trial that lasted for two and half years , the judge ordered that Microsoft be broken up, the lawsuit in question was filed by Netscape accusing Microsoft of violating consent decree. Microsoft appealed the decision and in 2001 the appeal court found it in favour of the Microsoft and the company was spared of break up Reaching a revenue $32 billion Microsoft became more than just the world biggest software company, but a way of life computer users can not go without. Microsoft main business focus is developing, and licensing sosftware, operating system, internet software and other software related tools for business and other consumers. In 2000 Microsoft bought Visio corporation the world’s main supplier of technical drawing software, at the price of $1.3 billion, this transaction has become the largest acquisition by Microsoft. Microsoft also poured $135 million in the company called COREL(software publishing company). In the same year , Microsoft went from 39.000 employees to 48.000 COMPETITION WITH SEARCH ENGINES 5.1 Microsoft never-ending dominance in operating system arena did not cross over smoothly into search engine market, its search engine “live search” lag behind of google inc, search engine and yahoo!.Microsoft changed its fate when it released BING in 2009,unfortunately for Microsoft did not turned out to be a game changer as the company might have expected, and Google is still the most used search engine by far. In 2008 Microsoft made an offer to buy Yahoo! But, was turned down, nevertheless a agreement was reached between Yahoo and Microsoft in 2009,where it was decided that yahoo would be allowed to use Bing for its web site and would handle ads for Microsoft web site and this contract should last for 10 years.Microsoft followed up the agreement with Yahoo by licensing search content from wolfram. MICROSOFT IN MOBILE PHONE AND GAMING WORLD Microsoft launched XBOX in 2001 and it quickly climbed to second place in the video game world, and in the following year Microsoft launched XBOX live(broadband gaming network).And in 2005 the king of Microsoft gaming console , the XBOX 360 was launched. All these successful releases happened while NINTENDO Wii and Sony PlayStation were already in the market after long time, for this reason Microsoft struggled a lot to make a dollar from these consoles, and Microsoft had to cut price of XBOX by 25 per cent, just so it grab a lion share of the market, this strategy paid off , because by 2011 XBOX 360 has become the favourite console by north americans. MICROSOFT AND INTERNET 6.1 Driven by a great success achieved in computer software , Microsoft set its eyes on internet. It released windows NT in 1993 ,as many products developed by Microsoft before,the sales windows NT were very disappointing at the start but, by the end of 1996 the its sales picked up overtaking NOVELL NetWare in the competition for the market.Microsoft did not immediately jump into internet business until the introduction of a web browser program created by Netscape Communication Corp, that refined navigation of world wide web, only then that Microsoft came up with its own browser called Internet Explorer, which was free, and Microsoft persuaded internet services provider to distribute it. CHANGE OF GUARD 6.2 In 2000 Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates stepped down as company’s CEO and was replaced by Steve Ballmer, and in 2006 Gates was replaced by Ray Ozzie as chief software architect.In 2008 Bill Gates left daily running of Microsoft altogether at the hands of Ballmer,Ozzie and other upper echelon managers, but remained in the board of directors of Microsoft.Ozzie resigned in 2010 and Ballmer stepped down as CEO and consequently replaced by a Microsoft executive Satya Nadella. Stepping down of Bill Gates as the president of Microsoft, left many people uneasy and led to some speculation as to what Microsoft would look like in future, fearing it could lose its prominence in the market, obviously thus far none of that has happened. Philanthropy 7 The co-founder of Microsoft Bill Gates founded Bill and Melissa foundation with the aim of reducing poverty in the world this foundation also fund some medical research and vaccinations.The foundation support and fund education in poor countries ,all this is possible thanks to Microsoft if it had not been for Microsoft none of these would have been possible, simply because Microsoft is where Bill Gates made his wealth.Now he is sharing his hard earned wealth with those who need it the most. CONCLUSION 7.1 It is reasonable to conclude that innovation is ever-changing process , it never stops or stand still. Many times our society put too much emphasis on formal education(4 year college or university), we forget that ingenuity is born with us, we do not acquire it in school or university, what we must do as society is to help bring it out of us because it is already there. Bill Gates and Paul Allen believe are geniuses and have been, since childhood. It is also very important to be proactive in life, because in many instances people face tough situations where a right call must be made, dropping out school (Harvard) who would have taught that dropping out of prestigious university such as Harvard would have led to a rewarding future? Maybe it is a time to shake our format of education and adopt a brand new kind of education so that we don’t fail our kids and generations to come. Microsoft never takes anything for granted, it competes hard and never stops innovating or adapting to new demands of customers. References: 8 BBC available from http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7457191.stm: accessed on 16/11/2015 Greg Pascal Zachary (2015) available from: http://www.britannica.com/topic/Microsoft-Corporation:accessedd on 16/11/2015. Mary Bellis .Available from: http://inventors.about.com/od/CorporateProfiles/p/Microsoft-History.htm accessed on 16/11/2015 ‘Will streaming movies online eventually be the downfall of the cinema companies? l
Introduction: In this report I’m going to talk about whether we should we have more laws restricting certain freedom on the Internet? And why it is important in today’s society. The Internet has come a very long way since it was first discovered in the 1970s the idea of idea of connecting computers to networks. This has been and still is one of the most used and well-known inventions. The many concern is that should we have more laws restricting certain freedom on the Internet. The Internet is also increasingly spreading to the world at a fast pace over the past two decades; superhighway of information, commerce and communication is available. Do you think we are safe on the Internet? One of the ways that the government organisation use to monitor or allow what can be accessed or viewed on the Internet is: “Internet censorship is the control or suppression of what can be accessed, published, or viewed on the Internet. It may be carried out by governments or by private organizations at the behest of government, regulators, or on their own initiative. Individuals and organizations may engage in self-censorship for moral, religious, or business reasons, to conform to societal norms, due to intimidation, or out of fear of legal or other consequences.” (Unknown. (2013). Internet safety. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_safety. Last accessed 10th Nov 2015.) The advantages of restricting freedom on the Internet and the disadvantages There are a lot of advantages of restricting more laws on and being strict with Internet censorship on the Internet is that even most freedom people can agree on. There are some advantages to having some type of limitation. Illegal activities The amount of illegal downloads on movies, music and other illegal material is another area of censorship that most countries either agree or at least do not openly condone. The laws about property and ownership are universal. If Identify theft Proper censorship laws combined with website security can really reduce the amount of identity theft on the Internet. Communications from individuals and groups that try to pull identify information from others This type of censorship law is designed to protect the personal identification, finances and personal information of the individual.
There is little a concern that the statement of full freedom of self-expression suffers when censorship laws are in place. Such laws not only curtail expression directly, however can create a bad atmosphere that can lead to far less creativity. Some even think that the laws a violation of basic human rights as well. Conclusion In the UK the British Prime Minister has suggested that the government should have the power to censor social media after what had happened in the summer 2013 riots. This was going to be used to help post riot clean up this proposal never happened. Reference: Unknown . (2013). Internet safety . Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_safety. Last accessed 10th Nov 2015. Brandon Gaille. (2013). The Pros and Cons of Internet Censorship. Available: http://brandongaille.com/the-pros-and-cons-internet-censorship/. Last accessed 12th Nov 2015. Trevor Timm (13 April 2012). "The UK government's war on internet freedom". Available: http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2012/04/201241373429356249.html Last accessed 12th Nov 2015. Is it unethical for line managers to ban their staff from checking and sending personal emails through Hotmail and Gmail during office hours? Is it unethical for line managers to ban their staff from checking and sending personal emails through Hotmail and Gmail during office hours is a question that can be argued from many different points of views. It can also be argued from different organisations points of views as well such as a French IT company called Atos. In 2011 the Atos CEO introduced a new policy within the organisation to ban the use of personal emails. This new policy was set in place in order to improve productivity within the work place. Mr Breton, the Atos company CEO explained the reasons behind the new policy to the BBC. He stated that the policy was to improve working conditions across the entire Atos organisation with all 42 countries it is based in and the 80,000 individuals they have employed. It was a new idea to enhance working conditions and to improve productivity on a daily basis. ‘http://atos.net/en-us/home/we-are/zero-email.html#’ Mr Breton states that employees were spending too much time focusing on their personal emails and their social networking accounts rather than being productive at work. Instead of having internal emails and personal emails being used within the organisation, Aton then introduced the social collaboration scheme. The scheme involved the connectivity of employees within the entire business with the use of Facebook, twitter and so on. The scheme allowed Atos to be awarded the Forrester’s Groundswell Award. The award was given for the organisations use of social collaboration within the workplace and employee empowerment. ‘bbc.co.uk, Technology, 8th of March 2012’ The use of personal emails at work has an impact on employee productivity but it can also have an impact on the business itself as they can be cautious of the integrity and security of the IT systems they have in place. According to a Forbes article written by Gene Connors, it states that the computer networks and security within an organisation has always been a concern to employers due to the fact that the internet has started to take a massive part within every individual’s life within the 21st century and that everything we do involves technology that can be compromised by anyone. It also stated that employees can put companies at risk due to the opening of personal emails which can contain malicious content. However, the article also states that employees are likely to open malicious emails on their work accounts as well as their personal accounts. Towards the end of the article from Gene Connors, it declares that banning the use of personal emails within the work place can have an effect on employee Morales and productivity. ‘Forbes, Gene Connors, 19th of April, 2013’ An article written by Bill Detwiller provides a different approach to the question, ‘Is it unethical for line managers to ban the use of personal emails such as Gmail and Hotmail within office hours?’ Bill Detwiller says that is perfectly acceptable as it ‘does not consume ore than a trivial amount of resources’. This means that employees aren’t using any of the organisations resources to simply check emails time to time. He also says that ‘it does not interfere with staff productivity’ and ‘it does not pre-empt and business activity’. ‘TechRepublic.com, Tech and Work, Companies should allow reasonable use of network resources, Bill Detwiller, TR Dojo, May 26 2009’ Many users on proformative.com also state that the use of personal emails shouldn’t be allowed. “No disrespect intended, but your policy is a very large mistake. Work and personal should never be combined. There is always a line. If you receive a customer complaint or claim that the customer never received what was promised to them, good luck tracing your records to try and understand the series of events. Additionally, how can you distinguish company ownership vs personal ownership with respect to processes and clients? I would immediately establish a policy that as of 1.1.2013, personal and business will no longer be combined...and enforce it.” “Depending on what information your company handles on a day to day basis the policy approach your company should put in place will vary. In the event your company handles material non public information, information that can be considered proprietary, and other information that would be considered "client or company sensitive" you should instill a policy ASAP. Unfortunately, policy making and communication is only half the battle. You also need to put a control in place and test the control so that you can ensure it works. There is software and vendors that offer this type of security monitoring for outgoing emails and the content therein.” ‘Anonymous (AVP) | Dec 3, 2012’ In this statement, it shows that employees spend more time using personal emails than actually doing work and it is putting the organisation at risk. “Two days ago I was suspended from work. After being employed in a highly trusted role I was told that IT had done a trawl of internet/email use across the company and found that I had a 'massive number of external emails' in my inbox / sent items. I was told by my manager that this had been passed to HR for investigation (for up to 5 days) and that they have asked I be suspended until further notice.” (http://forums.digitalspy.co.uk, 21/01/2009, Dandemanx, forum member) Within 2015, more companies are adamant about the use of personal emails within working hours, on the organisations systems and on their personal devices and they are all based on the same reasons as on another, such as the fact that the emails being accessed on the organisations systems can contain harmful content which can spread to the systems or the business, to employees becoming distracted due to the fact that they are spending most of their time at work sending and checking incoming emails that aren’t work related. There are more cons than pros when it comes to employees being able to use personal emails. The ratio between allowing employees to use personal emails at work is fewer than banning the use because companies expect work within office hours to be used effectively and efficiently rather than having the time spent on checking Facebook notifications and so on. One of the biggest reasons why companies ban the use of personal emails within a workplace on company systems is because of security. Even though most companies ban the use on company systems, they don’t have a policy for using and checking emails on personal devices. Based on the question Is it unethical for line managers to ban the use of personal emails, it can be justified that is is not unethical as there are many factors that support the need to ban the use of personal emailing. Richard Cottington ‘Will streaming movies online eventually be the downfall of the cinema companies? cument]
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