Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 113 Author
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Abstract: Field expts. on the use of soil inoculant (N-fixing blue-green algae) with sugarcane were conducted for 3 yr. Autumn cane and sugar yields on soil treated with 1 L inoculant/ha were increased by 8% and 21%, resp., as compared to the control plot where the conventional rate of N fertilizer was applied. At 2 L/ha, the inoculant slightly increased cane and sugar yields over the check. Autumn cane yield increased also when 1 or 2 L inoculant/ha was incorporated with 7 t/ha of filter cake. Inoculation did not affect cane and sugar yields for ratoon cane; however, when inoculant was applied with 7 t/ha of filter cake, both the ratoon cane and sugar yields were increased over the control. Acetylene redn. activity (ARA) increased considerably in Talin red earth and Tainan sandstone shale alluvial soils when inoculant was applied. Strong ARA in uninoculated Chihu slate alluvial soil may imply the existence of great no. of N-fixing bacteria in this soil itself. The nitrate-N content of the tested soils was greatly increased by inoculation due to N fixation. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 99:138761 19-5
Fertilizers, Soils, and Plant Nutrition Dep. Plant Nutr.,Taiwan Sugar Res. Inst.,Tainan,Taiwan. Journal 0372-2414 written in English. 14797-55-8 Role: OCCU (Occurrence) (in soils, cyanobacterial inoculant effect on, sugarcane growth in relation to) Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 235 Author: Grunina, L. K.; Simakov, A. F.; Getsen, M. V. Year: 1982 Title: Amino acid compositions of nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae Journal: Trudy Komi Filiala, Akademiya Nauk SSSR Volume: 49 Pages: 76-80 Accession Number: AN 1983:403042 Keywords: Gloeotrichia natans; Nostoc coeruleum (amino acid compn. of proteins of, nitrogen fixation in relation to); Proteins Role: BIOL (Biological study) (amino acids of, of blue green algae, nitrogen fixation in relation to); Amino acids Role: BIOL (Biological study) (of proteins of blue green algae, nitrogen fixation in relation to); Nitrogen fixation (protein compn. of blue green algae in relation to) nitrogen fixation protein Nostoc Gloeotrichia; blue green alga protein Abstract: The amino acid compn. of N-fixing blue-green algae from different geog. zones, Nostoc coeruleum from tundra lakes and Gloeotrichia natans from taiga lakes were compared. Both algae were rich in protein at 21.6-22.7% dry wt. Dicarboxylic amino acids (alanine, leucine, serine) predominated in the algal proteins. Algae gathered at periods of massive development were esp. high in proline. The amino acid compn. of proteins was similar to that of higher plants. Among the essential amino acids, the leucine, threonine, and valine content were relatively high whereas that of methionine was low, but on a dry wt. basis the algal methionine level was no lower than that of beans grown in the tundra zone. The full value protein of blue-green algae is apparently due to their N-fixing ability. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 99:3042 11-1
Plant Biochemistry USSR.
Journal 0568-6148 written in Russian.
carbofuran soil nitrification biol; microorganism soil insecticide Abstract: Carbofuran (I) [1563-66-2] did not inhibit mineralization of native soil N at 10 ppm. I enhanced nitrification in flooded soil at 10-100 ppm, the effect increasing with the increase in the application rate. I application to the water of flooded soil at 6 kg/ha promoted the growth of blue-green algae and raised the C2H2-reducing activity in the water, which might be attributable to the lethal effect of I on daphnids feeding on this algae. These effects were still obsd. after disappearance of I and its hydrolyzate. I lowered the C2H2-reducing activity of Gloeotrichia in flood water at 20 ppm, but not at 15 ppm. I at 50 ppm did not affect hydrolysis of urea in soil. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 95:75443 5-13
Agrochemicals Dep. Soil Microbiol.,Int. Rice Res. Inst.,Manila,Philippines. Journal 0385-1559 written in English. 1563-66-2 Role: BIOL (Biological study) (biol. activity response to, in flooded soil) Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 237 Author: Roger, P. A.; Kulasooriya, S. A.; Barraquio, W. L.; Watanabe, I. Year: 1981 Title: Epiphytic nitrogen fixation on lowland rice plants Journal: Nitrogen Cycling South-East Asian Wet Monsoonal Ecosyst., Proc. Reg. Workshop Pages: 62-6 Accession Number: AN 1983:557316 Keywords: Rice (epiphytic nitrogen fixation on submerged parts of stems of); Nitrogen fixation (epiphytic, on lowland rice plants); Bacteria; Cyanobacteria (nitrogen-fixing, on rice stems, population of, epiphytic nitrogen fixation in relation to) epiphytic nitrogen fixation rice; cyanobacteria nitrogen fixation rice stem; bacteria nitrogen fixation rice stem Abstract: Epiphytic N fixation on the submerged part of the rice stems was examd. by: studying the distribution of acetylene-reducing activity (ARA) and epiphytic algae among the hills at tillering stage; enumerating and identifying epiphytic microorganisms on the outer and inner leaf sheaths; and measuring ARA and evaluating algal populations at seedling, tillering, heading, and maturity stages of rice growth. Dark and light ARA (nmol C2H4/h/hill) exhibited a log-normal distribution whereas the total algal flora had an asym. histogram, indicating the presence of several dominant epiphytic species. Total and N-fixing algal populations on the outer parts of the stems (3.5 * 105 and 1.2 * 105 cells/fresh wt., resp.) were .apprx.20-fold those of the inner parts. A similar distribution was obsd. with N-fixing bacteria (outer parts: 2.9 * 107 cells/g fresh wt.; inner parts: 1.0 * 105 cells/g fresh wt.) where the dominant types were related to the Enterobacteriaceae, assocd. with Azospirillum-like organisms. A macroscopic epiphytism by Gloeotrichia was obsd. at seedling (2 tons/ha, fresh wt.) and tillering stage (0.5 ton/ha), whereas only a microscopic epiphytism was present at heading and maturity stage, with Nostoc as dominant species. Light ARA declined along the cultivation cycle from 51 mmole C2H4/m2/h at seedling stage to 2.5 mmol C2H4/m2/h at maturity whereas dark ARA remained low throughout (0.3-2.5 mmol C2H4/m2/h). This corresponds to an input of 2 kg N/ha/crop. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 99:157316 19-8
Fertilizers, Soils, and Plant Nutrition Off. Rech. Sci. Tech. Outre-Mer,Fr. Conference written in English. Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 238 Author: Martinez, M. R.; Pantastico, J. B.; Cosico, W. C. Year: 1981 Title: Blue-green algae and the fertility of lowland rice fields in the Philippines Journal: Nitrogen Cycling South-East Asian Wet Monsoonal Ecosyst., Proc. Reg. Workshop Pages: 29-35 Accession Number: AN 1983:557279 Keywords: Algae; Cyanobacteria (in paddy field, during rice cultivation, fertilizer application effect on); Nostoc commune (nitrogen uptake and yield of rice response to paddy field inoculation with); Gloeotrichia (nitrogen uptake and yield of rice response to, on paddy fields); Rice (nitrogen uptake and yield of, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria effect on); Soil fertility (nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria effect on paddy) cyanobacteria rice nitrogen yield Abstract: The effectiveness of N-fixing algae (Nostoc commune and Gloeotrichia) was compared with that of a chem. fertilizer (N-P-K, 14-14-14) for growth of lowland, irrigated rice in a field expt. in the dry season, 1976. Yields (grain and straw) and N uptake by plants were consistently higher in plots inoculated with algae than in uninoculated plots, with algae contributing .apprx.19-28 kg N/ha/crop. The no. of algal N-fixers decreased with time and growth of the rice plant, whereas non-N-fixing algae increased in population up to tillering stage. N-P-K fertilization and low-light intensity appeared to have depressed growth of the diazotrophs. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 99:157279 19-5
Fertilizers, Soils, and Plant Nutrition Los Banos Coll.,Univ. Philippines,Laguna,Philippines. Conference written in English. 7727-37-9 Role: BIOL (Biological study) (of rice, cyanobacteria in paddy fields effect on)
nitrogen fixation epiphytic rice ecosystem; weed nitrogen fixation paddy Abstract: Epiphytic N fixation on submerged (Chara, Najas) and nonsubmerged (Monochoria, Cyperus) weeds in a paddy field was studied by: evaluating the weed biomass in planted and fallow fields; measuring specific dark and light-dependent acetylene reducing activity (ARA) and enumerating and identifying epiphytic N-fixing microorganisms. Submerged weeds produced a mean biomasses of 1 ton/ha at rice tillering and 3 tons/ha at rice harvest stage; under fallow they reached 7.5 tons/ha. Corresponding biomasses of nonsubmerged weeds were 1.7 tons/ha under rice and 7.7 tons/ha under fallow at rice harvest stage. Dominant N-fixing cyanobacteria were Gloeotrichia, Nostoc, and Calothrix. Epiphytism by Gloeotrichia was predominantly on Chara whereas that by other cyanobacteria did not exhibit any host selectivity. Submerged weeds harbored both aerobic and micro-aerophilic N-fixing bacteria. Growth on glucose medium showed the presence of acid-gas-producing organisms (probably Enterobacteriaceae), whereas growth on malate revealed Azospirillum-like organisms. Light ARA on the submerged weeds (29-35 nmol C2H4/g fresh wt.) was .apprx.10-fold that on the nonsubmerged ones (1.8-4.4 nmol C2H4/g fresh wt./h). Dark activity was about the same for all the weed types studied (0.9-2.5 nmol C2H4/g fresh wt./h). The relation between specific ARA and weed biomass showed that nonsubmerged weeds exhibit a very low activity (0.4-2.3 g N/ha/day) whereas the activity on submerged weeds (5-34 g N/ha/day) makes an appreciable N input into this ecosystem. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 99:157315 19-8
Fertilizers, Soils, and Plant Nutrition Univ. Peradeniya,Sri Lanka. Conference written in English. Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 240 Author: Hassett, James M.; Jennett, J. Charles; Smith, James E. Year: 1981 Title: Microplate technique for determining accumulation of metals by algae Journal: Applied and Environmental Microbiology Volume: 41 Issue: 5 Pages: 1097-106 Accession Number: AN 1981:419180 Keywords: Algae; Chlamydomonas; Gleotrichia; Mougeotia; Navicula pelliculosa; Nostoc; Oscillatoria; Scenedesmus obliquus; Schizothrix; Spirogyra; Ulothrix fimbrinata; Zygnema (heavy metal accumulation by, microplate technique for); Metals Role: BIOL (Biological study) (heavy, accumulation of, by algae, microplate technique for) metal accumulation algae microplate technique Abstract: A microplate technique was developed to det. the conditions under which pure cultures of algae removed heavy metals from aq. solns. Variables investigated included algal species and strain, culture age (11 and 44 days), metal (Hg, Pb, Cd, and Zn), pH, effect of different solns., and time of exposure. Plastic, U-bottomed microtiter plates were used in conjunction with heavy metal radionuclides to det. concn. factors for metal-alga combinations. The technique developed was rapid, statistically reliable, and economical of materials and cells. Results (expressed as concn. factors) were in reasonably good agreement with literature values. All species of algae studied removed Hg from soln. Green algae proved better at accumulating Cd than did blue-green algae. No alga studied removed Zn, perhaps because cells were maintained in the dark during the labeling period. Chlamydomonas Sp. proved superior in ability to remove Pb from soln. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 95:19180 4-3
Toxicology Dep. Civ. Eng.,Syracuse Univ.,Syracuse,NY,USA. Journal 0099-2240 written in English. 7439-92-1; 7439-97-6; 7440-43-9; 7440-66-6 Role: BIOL (Biological study) (accumulation of, by algae, microplate technique for) Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 241 Author: Fong, H. M.; Shen, T. C. Year: 1981 Title: Growth and nitrogen fixation capacity of some blue-green algae in West Malaysia Journal: Nitrogen Cycling South-East Asian Wet Monsoonal Ecosyst., Proc. Reg. Workshop Pages: 41-3 Accession Number: AN 1983:591396 Keywords: Nitrogen fixation (by cyanobacteria of paddy soils of West Malaysia); Anabaena; Cylindrospermum; Fischerella; Gloeotrichia; Hapalosiphon; Microchaete; Nostoc; Tolypothrix (growth and nitrogen fixation capacity of, from paddy soils of West Malaysia); Cyanobacteria (soil, growth rate of, light and temp. effect on, from paddy soils of West Malaysia) cyanobacteria nitrogen fixation soil Abstract: Thirteen heterocystous blue-green algae species, namely Anabaena (3 species), Nostoc (4 species), Fischerella, Gloeotrichia, Hapalosiphon, Tolypothrix, Cylindrospermum, and Microchaete, were isolated from paddy soils in West Malaysia. Growth rate and N fixation activity of unialgal cultures of these species were studied under different temp. and light intensity conditions. Different species reacted differently to these conditions. In general, 28-30 Deg and 5000 lx supported good growth. High temp. and greenhouse full sunlight suppressed growth. Gloeotrichia, Nostoc, And Anabaena were fast-growing species. High rates of N fixation were found at 28-30 Deg under 5000 lx continuous light or at variable temp. of 24-33 Deg under natural light conditions in a greenhouse. Anabaena, Cylindrospermum, And Hapalosiphon showed the highest N fixation capacity followed by Nostoc, Fischerella, and others. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 99:191396 10-3
Microbial Biochemistry Bot. Dep.,Univ. Malaya,Kuala Lumpur,Malay. Conference written in English. Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 242 Author: Kostyaev, V. Ya Year: 1980 Title: Fixation of molecular nitrogen and photosynthesis in cyanobacteria under red light Journal: Mikrobiologiya Volume: 49 Issue: 2 Pages: 349-51 Accession Number: AN 1980:422789 Keywords: Nitrogen fixation; Photosynthesis (by Cyanobacteria, in far-red and red light); Anabaena spiroides; Cyanobacteria; Gloeotrichia pisum; Sphaeronostoc zetterstedtii (nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis by, in red and far-red light); Light (far-red, nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis by Cyanobacteria in); Light (red, nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis by Cyanobacteria in) Cyanobacteria nitrogen fixation photosynthesis light Abstract: The rates of N fixation and photosynthesis by Anabaena spiroides, Sphaeronostoc zetterstedtii, and Gloeotrichia pisum in red and far-red light were studied. In far-red light the rates of photosynthesis and N fixation by A. spiroides were 2.1 and 1.4% of those in red light, resp., whereas the photosynthetic rate in far-red light of the other 2 species was 10 and 9, and their rates of N fixation were 50 and 60% of those in red light, resp. A. spiroides And a relatively still high N fixation by the other blue-green algae indicate that one cyclic photophosphorylation system is insufficient for effective N fixation in some Cyanobacteria, and that the efficacy of cyclic photophosphorylation in inducing the nitrogenase activity varied widely between the algae studied. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 93:22789 11-6
Plant Biochemistry Inst. Biol. Vnutr. Vod,Borok,USSR. Journal 0026-3656 written in Russian. Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 243 Author: Jennett, J. C.; Hassett, J. M.; Smith, J. E. Year: 1980 Title: The use of algae to control heavy metals in the environment Journal: Minerals and the Environment Volume: 2 Issue: 1 Pages: 26-31 Accession Number: AN 1980:500998 Keywords: Algae; Chlamydomonas; Chlorella; Chlorella pyrenoidosa; Chlorotyllium; Cladophora; Cyanobacteria; Cymbella; Diatom; Gleotrichia; Hydrodictyon; Mougeotia; Myriophyllum; Navicula pelliculosa; Nostoc; Oscillatoria; Scenedesmus obliquus; Schizothrix calcicola; Sedge; Spirogyra; Ulothrix fimbrinata; Zygnema (metal removal by, from wastewater); Metals Role: REM (Removal or disposal), PROC (Process) (removal of, from wastewater, algae and benthic macrophytes in); Algae (benthic macrophyte, metal removal by, from wastewater); Wastewater treatment (biol., metal removal by, algae and benthic macrophytes in); Algae (green, metal removal by, from wastewater) heavy metal accumulation algae wastewater; benthic macrophyte metal removal wastewater Abstract: A wastewater treatment system was designed to utilize algae and benthic macrophytes to remove metals from the tailings pond effluent. The system has proved successful and water quality in the receiving stream has been improved to drinking water stds. Expts. were conducted to understand the phenomenon of heavy metal accumulation by algae. Radionuclides (210Pb, 203Hg, 65Zn, 109Cd) were used in conjunction with com. available microculture app. to screen algae for heavy metal accumulation. All species of algae studied concd. Hg, green algae were more efficient accumulators of Cd than blue-green algae, Chlamydomonas proved best at removing Pb from soln. and no alga removed Zn. [on SciFinder (R)] Notes: CAN 93:100998 60-2
Sewage and Wastes Syracuse Univ.,Syracuse,NY,USA. Journal 0142-7245 written in English. 7439-92-1; 7439-97-6; 7440-43-9; 7440-66-6 Role: REM (Removal or disposal), PROC (Process) (removal of, from wastewater, algae and benthic macrophytes in) Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 244 Author: Chang, T. P.; Blauw, T. S. Year: 1980 Title: Nitrogen fixing capacity of two colonial types of Gloeotrichia echinulata (Smith) Richter Journal: Arch. Hydrobiol. Volume: 89 Issue: 3 Pages: 382-386 Keywords: morphology (organisms); nitrogen fixation; Gloeotrichia echinulata photosynthesis; light effects; anoxic conditions; Algae Freshwater Q1 01481 Productivity Abstract: Membrane-like colonies of G. echinulata , containing mostly short trichomes, showed higher photosynthetic activity than cluster-like colonies with long trichomes. The nitrogen fixing capacity of membrane-like colonies with high heterocyst ratios was 300-800% higher than that of cluster-like colonies with low heterocyst ratios in weak light cultures, but not in high light cultures. Notes: English Journal Article Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 96 Author: McCauley, Edward; Briand, Frederic Year: 1979 Title: Zooplankton Grazing and Phytoplankton Species Richness: Field Tests of the Predation Hypothesis Journal: Limnology and Oceanography Volume: 24 Issue: 2 Pages: 243-252 Date: Mar. Abstract: The hypothesis that herbivory plays a major role in the maintenance of high algal diversity was tested over a 2-year period in polyethylene enclosures at Heney Lake, Quebec. Reduction of grazing pressure resulted in a significant decrease in the number of inedible species, whereas the diversity of edible algae remained unaffected. Lowering the herbivore levels may cause an intensification of exploitative competition among phytoplankton, which favors edible species and a few inedible algae like Synedra at the expense of many inedible species that are eliminated. Notes: FLA 00243590
American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Copyright 1979 American Society of Limnology and Oceanography URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0024-3590%28197903%2924%3A2%3C243%3AZGAPSR%3E2.0.CO%3B2-4 Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 245 Author: Kremer, Bruno P.; Feige, Guido B. Year: 1979 Title: Accumulation of photoassimilatory products by phycobiliprotein-containing algae with special reference to Cyanidium caldarium Journal: Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, C: Journal of Biosciences Volume: 34C Issue: 12 Pages: 1209-14 Accession Number: AN 1980:107555 Keywords: Photosynthesis (carbon fixation products of, in phycobiliprotein-contg. algae); Anabaena cylindrica; Anacystis nidulans; Chroomonas; Cyanidium caldarium; Gloeotrichia echinulata; Hemiselmis refescens; Porphyridium cruentum; Rhodella violacea; Rhodomonas (photosynthate of); Amino acids; Carbohydrates Role: BIOL (Biological study) (phycobiliprotein-contg. algae photosynthate); Algae (phycobiliprotein-contg., photosynthates of) photosynthate algae phycobiliprotein; Cyanidium photosynthate Directory: chemistry chemistry -> Summer 2015 Research Opportunities for Chemistry & Biochemistry Undergraduates chemistry -> Application for Summer Undergraduate Research Program nsf research Experiences for Undergraduates (reu) – 2015 Please Print Clearly or Type chemistry -> Application for Summer Undergraduate Research Program nsf research Experiences for Undergraduates (reu) – 2016 Please Print Clearly or Type chemistry -> Summer 2014 Research Opportunities for Chemistry & Biochemistry Undergraduates chemistry -> Summer 2016 Research Opportunities for Chemistry & Biochemistry Undergraduates chemistry -> Cloud Point Extraction Methodology for Separation and Microamounts Determination of Lead chemistry -> Spring Hill College List of Nearby Restaurant Options Atlanta Bread Company chemistry -> Where the heck is Fernando de Noronha? chemistry -> Topics 6 & 16: Kinetics 1 Collision theory and rates of reaction Download 1.4 Mb. Share with your friends:
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