Struthionidae



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northern half of South Africa east to Transvaal.

Francolinus sephaena Crested Francolin Francolin huppé

sephaena; zambesiae; grantii (BoA granti); rovuma; spilogaster

Resident, bushland with sparse ground cover: S and E Ethiopia, Uganda, Somalia through E Tanzania to NE South Africa west through S Zambia to NE Namibia.

[Francolinus pondicerianus Grey Francolin Francolin gris]

Introduced to Seychelles, St Helena.



Francolinus squamatus Scaly Francolin Francolin écaillé

Francolin écailleux

(HM + squamatus; schuetti; maranensis; usambarae; uzungwensis; doni)

Resident, forest and plantations with dense undergrowth: patchy SE Nigeria to Ethiopia south to DRC, N Malawi.



Francolinus ahantensis Ahanta Francolin Francolin d'Ahanta

(HM + hopkinsoni; ahantensis)

Resident, forest edge, clearings: 3 separate populations: W Senegal - N Guinea; S Guinea - W Liberia; NE Ivory Coast - SW Nigeria.

Francolinus griseostriatus Grey-striped Francolin Francolin à bandes grises

Resident, dense understorey and thickets in gallery forest: 2 separate populations in W Angola.



Francolinus nahani Nahan's Francolin Francolin de Nahan

Resident, dense forest: NE DRC - W Uganda.



Francolinus hartlaubi Hartlaub's Francolin Francolin de Hartlaub

(HM + hartlaubi; bradfieldi; crypticus)

Resident, hills, ridges, kopjes with bushes on sandy soils: SW Angola - C Namibia.

Francolinus hildebrandti Hildebrandt's Francolin Francolin de Hildebrandt

(HM + altumi; hildebrandti; johnstoni)

Resident, rocky hillsides with dense thickets, bushed grassland: C Kenya - E DRC, Tanzania - N Zambia - Malawi.

Francolinus natalensis Natal Francolin Francolin du Natal

(HM + neavei; natalensis)

Resident, scrubby vegetation with dense thickets: Zambia - NE South Africa.

Francolinus bicalcaratus Double-spurred Francolin Francolin à double éperon

bicalcaratus; ayesha; (HM + thornei; ogilviegranti (BoA incl both in bicalcaratus))

Resident, most habitats outside forest: W and N Morocco (ayesha); Senegal - extreme W Chad (bicalcaratus).

Francolinus icterorhynchus Heuglin's Francolin Francolin à bec jaune

Resident, open habitats: CAR, N DRC - S Sudan, W Uganda.



Francolinus clappertoni Clapperton's Francolin Francolin de Clapperton

(HM + clappertoni; koenigseggi; heuglini; sharpii; nigrosquamatus; gedgii)

Resident, savannas often the drier parts: extreme E Mali - Ethiopia south to N Uganda.

Francolinus harwoodi Harwood's Francolin Francolin de Harwood

Resident, large dense Typha beds with scattered trees: Ethiopian highlands.



Francolinus capensis Cape Francolin Francolin criard

Resident, scrub, especially fynbos: Cape Province, South Africa.



Francolinus adspersus Red-billed Francolin Francolin à bec rouge

(HM, ROB + adspersus; mesicus)

Resident, thickets to arid savannas: S Angola - NW South Africa east to SW Zambia, W Zimbabwe, N Botswana.

Francolinus swierstrai Swierstra's Francolin Francolin de Swierstra

Resident, undergrowth in montane evergreen forest and nearby: small area in W Angola.



Francolinus camerunensis Mount Cameroon Francolin Francolin du Cameroun

**Cameroon Mountain Francolin; Cameroon Francolin du Mont Cameroun

Francolin

Resident, undergrowth in montane forest: Mt Cameroon.



Francolinus nobilis Handsome Francolin Francolin noble

Resident, montane forest, alpine zone: mts of E DRC, SW Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi.



Francolinus jacksoni Jackson's Francolin Francolin de Jackson

Resident, montane forest, alpine zone: mts of WC Kenya.



Francolinus castaneicollis Chestnut-naped Francolin Francolin à cou roux

castaneicollis; atrifrons; (HM + ogoensis; kaffanus (BoA incl both in castaneicollis))

Resident, forest, glades, undergrowth: Ethiopia, extreme N Kenya, N Somalia.

Francolinus ochropectus Djibouti Francolin Francolin somali

Francolin des Somalis

Resident, primary juniper forest and secondary: Goda and Mabla Mts, Djibouti.

Francolinus erckelii Erckel's Francolin Francolin d'Erckel

Resident, montane heath and scrub over 2000m asl: N Ethiopia, Eritrea, extreme NE Sudan.



Francolinus swainsonii Swainson's Spurfowl Francolin de Swainson

Swainson’s Francolin



swainsonii; lundazi (ROB ludanzi)

Resident, savannas and bush near water: extreme SE Angola, NC Namibia, S Zambia - S Mozambique, NE South Africa.



Francolinus afer Red-necked Spurfowl Francolin à gorge rouge

Red-necked Francolin



castaneiventer; afer; swynnertoni; melanogaster; leucoparaeus; cranchii; harterti

Resident, bush habitats: W and S DRC - S Angola east to S Kenya and south through E Zimbabwe to coast; coastal strip to Cape Town;

introduced to Ascension Is.

Francolinus rufopictus Grey-breasted Spurfowl Francolin à poitrine grise

Grey-breasted Francolin

Resident, plains, savannas: small area of NW Tanzania.

Francolinus leucoscepus Yellow-necked Spurfowl Francolin à cou jaune

Yellow-necked Francolin

Resident, Acacia/Commiphora bush: Ethiopia, Somalia - N Tanzania.

Xenoperdix udzungwensis Udzungwa Forest Partridge Francolin d’Udzungwa

Udzungwa Partridge Xénoperdrix de Tanzanie

(CMT + udzungwensis; obscurata)

Resident, montane and submontane forest: Udzungwa and nearby mts, S Tanzania.

MESITORNITHIDAE
Mesitornis variegatus White-breasted Mesite Mésite variée

HM notes often incorrectly spelt M. variegata

Resident, dry western forests: 3 separate populations in small area of W and N Madagascar.



Mesitornis unicolor Brown Mesite Mésite unicolore

Resident, humid forest: E Madagascar.



Monias benschi Subdesert Mesite Mésite monias

Monias de Bensch

Resident, spiny subdesert thicket: small area of SW Madagascar.

TURNICIDAE


Ortyxelos meiffrenii Quail-plover Turnix à ailes blanches

Lark Buttonquail Turnix de Meiffren

Resident and intra-African migrant, grassland and thorn scrub: Sahel zone N Senegal - E Sudan; S Ethiopia and parts of Kenya.

Turnix sylvaticus Kurrichane Buttonquail Turnix d’Andalousie

Small Buttonquail; Little Buttonquail Turnix d'Afrique

Common Buttonquail

lepurana; sylvaticus



HM notes often incorrectly spelt T. sylvatica (and race, and race incorrectly as lepuranus)

This species has many slightly different English names. In Europe it also used to be known as Andalusian Hemipode.

Resident and intra-African migrant, grassland and savannas: Morocco -Tunisia; all S of Sahara except forest area and parts of NE and SW.

Turnix hottentottus Black-rumped Buttonquail Turnix hottentot

Hottentot Buttonquail* Turnix nain



nanus; hottentottus

HM notes often incorrectly spelt hottentotta (and race, also nana)

SAM, IOC, ROB (+SL, SS) raise Turnix nanus Black-rumped Buttonquail Turnix nain (T. hottentottus becomes Hottentot

Buttonquail)

Resident, open grassland, savannas, not in arid areas: Senegal - Uganda south to N Angola - S Mozambique and along coast to Cape excluding the main forest area; (hottentottus in mts of S South Africa, nanus in rest of range including E South Africa).



Turnix nigricollis Madagascar Buttonquail Turnix de Madagascar

Resident, grassland to dry forest: Madagascar; also Mauritius, Réunion, Glorieuses Is but perhaps only introduced to these.

RALLIDAE
Himantornis haematopus Nkulengu Rail Râle à pieds rouges

Resident, rank vegetation along streams in forest: all of forest area of W and C Africa.



Canirallus oculeus Grey-throated Rail Râle à gorge grise

Resident, lowland forest: Sierra Leone - N and W Gabon, across N DRC to W Uganda.



Canirallus kioloides Madagascar Wood Rail Râle à gorge blanche

Madagascar Grey-throated Rail; Râle à front gris

Madagascan Forest Rail

kioloides; berliozi

Resident, undisturbed primary rainforest: E half (kioloides) and NW (berliozi) Madagascar.

(Gallirallus philippensis Buff-banded Rail Râle tiklin)

Banded Land Rail

Vagrant: Mauritius
IOC places all Sarothrura spp in Sarothruridae
Sarothrura pulchra White-spotted Flufftail Râle perlé

centralis; pulchra; zenkeri; batesi

Resident, mainly lowland forest near water: Senegal - SW Kenya to N Angola.



Sarothrura elegans Buff-spotted Flufftail Râle ponctué

elegans; reichenovi

Resident, especially forest and thick bush: Cameroon, Bioko - N Angola east to SW Ethiopia - E side of South Africa; records Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cape Province.



Sarothrura rufa Red-chested Flufftail Râle à camail

rufa; elizabethae; bonapartii (BoA bonapartei)

Resident, swamps and thick vegetation in and near water: Ethiopia; scattered in West Africa; S Cameroon, N Gabon to S Kenya, NE Tanzania down W Rift Valley to E half Angola, N Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, E and S South Africa.




Sarothrura lugens Chestnut-headed Flufftail Râle à tête rousse

Long-toed Flufftail



lugens; lynesi

Resident, grassy clearings in forest and savanna: very scattered records Cameroon, C Angola - N DRC - E Zimbabwe, W Tanzania.



Sarothrura boehmi Streaky-breasted Flufftail Râle de Böhm

Böhm's Flufftail; Streaky-breasted Pygmy Crake

Resident and intra-African migrant, short grass inundated by rains: S Cameroon, Nigeria; SE DRC, E Angola, Zambia, E Zimbabwe; SC Kenya.

Sarothrura affinis Striped Flufftail Râle affin

Râle à queue rousse

affinis; antonii

Resident, dry upland grassland: scattered S Sudan, SW Kenya, Malawi, E Zimbabwe, KZ-Natal to Cape.



Sarothrura insularis Madagascar Flufftail Râle insulaire

Resident, grassland, forest edges, secondary bush: mainly eastern Madagascar.



Sarothrura ayresi White-winged Flufftail Râle à miroir

Resident and intra-African migrant, marshes: Ethiopia around Addis Ababa where present June - Sept; parts of E South Africa; records Zambia, Zimbabwe.



Sarothrura watersi Slender-billed Flufftail Râle de Waters

Resident, small elevated wetlands near forest: 5 localities in E Madagascar.



Crex egregia African Crake Râle des prés

DFW, CMT, SAM, BL, ROB (+SL, SS) Crecopsis egregia

Resident, freshwater swamps, marshes, rivers, streams and dry grassland: all S of Sahara except north of N Nigeria to S Kenya and southeast of NE Namibia - NE South Africa.

Crex crex Corncrake Râle des genets

Corn Crake*

Palearctic winter visitor, dry grassland, savanna: North Africa mainly on passage, winters SE DRC, S Tanzania to E South Africa; scattered records all over especially on eastern side of continent.

(Neocrex erythrops Paint-billed Crake Râle à bec peint)

Vagrant: Tristan.

Rougetius rougetii Rouget's Rail Râle de Rouget

Resident, marshes in montane grassland and moorland: Ethiopian highlands extending into Eritrea.



Dryolimnas cuvieri White-throated Rail Râle de Cuvier

cuvieri; aldabranus; abbotti (extinct)

Resident: luxurious vegetation in wetlands in Madagascar (cuvieri); dry limestone in Aldabra (aldabranus); (abbotti was on Assumption).



Rallus aquaticus Water Rail Râle d'eau

European Water Rail



aquaticus

Resident, reeds and marshes: C Morocco - W Libya; R Nile; extends into Sahara in non-breeding season.



Rallus caerulescens African Rail Râle bleuâtre

**African Water Rail

Resident, swamps, marshes, rivers, streams: W Ethiopia highlands; S Uganda, S Kenya, SE DRC - South Africa excluding arid SW.

Rallus madagascariensis Madagascar Rail Râle de Madagascar

Madagascar Water Rail

Resident, marshes and wet margins especially high altitude: E Madagascar.

Porzana parva Little Crake Marouette poussin

Palearctic winter visitor, wetlands: Mediterranean area, scattered Senegal - Kenya, occasionally further south.



Porzana pusilla Baillon's Crake Marouette de Baillon

intermedia; pusilla; (HM, ZTP + obscura (CMT, HBW incl in intermedia))

Resident and Palearctic winter visitor, wetlands: Morocco - Tunisia; Ethiopia; S Angola - S Kenya and south; Madagascar.

Porzana porzana Spotted Crake Marouette ponctuée

Palearctic winter visitor, freshwater wetlands: North Africa; E Sudan, Ethiopia - Uganda - South Africa and west to Angola, Namibia; scattered records in West Africa.



Porzana carolina Sora Marouette de Caroline

Vagrant: Morocco.



Aenigmatolimnas marginalis Striped Crake Marouette rayée

SAM Aenigomatolimnas marginalis

Resident and wanderer, seasonally inundated grassland, avoiding main wetlands: N Ivory Coast scattered to Cameroon and south to Congo; E DRC - Kenya south to extreme SE Angola - N Mozambique; odd records South Africa; vagrant North Africa.


Amaurornis flavirostra Black Crake Râle à bec jaune

Marouette noire

HM notes often incorrectly spelt Amaurornis flavirostris

Resident, freshwater wetlands: all S of Sahara except dry NE and SW.



Amaurornis olivieri Sakalava Rail Râle d’Olivier

Resident, streams and marshes: 3 separate localities in Sakalava part of lowland W Madagascar.

(Amaurornis phoenicurus White-breasted Waterhen Râle à poitrine blanche)

Vagrant: Seychelles.



Atlantisia rogersi Inaccessible Island Rail Râle atlantis

Inaccessible Rail

Resident, all habitats especially coastal tussock grass: Inaccessible Is.

Porphyrio alleni Allen's Gallinule Talève d'Allen

Poule sultane d’Allen

DFW (+SS) Porphyrula alleni

Resident, wetlands: all S of Sahara except drier NE and SW; Madagascar, Comoros; Mauritius (probably introduced); vagrant North Africa, Azores, Canary Is, Ascension, St Helena.



Porphyrio martinica American Purple Gallinule Talève violacée

Yellow-legged Gallinule; [Purple Gallinule*] Talève pourprée; Poule sultane d’Amerique

DFW Porphyrula martinica; SAM, IOC, ROB (+SL) Porphyrio martinicus; (SS Porphyrula martinicus)

Vagrant: Cape Province and most Atlantic islands Azores to Tristan (where frequent).



Porphyrio porphyrio Purple Swamphen Talève sultane

African Swamphen; [Purple Gallinule] Talève poule-sultane; Poule-sultane



madagascariensis; porphyrio

IOC, ROB (+SL, SS) raise Porphyrio madagascariensis African (Purple) Swamphen Talève d’Afrique

Resident, sheltered waters: Morocco - Tunisia (porphyrio); Egypt and all S of Sahara except forest area and arid NE and SW; in West Africa only really in N part just S of desert; W Madagascar (all madagascariensis).



Gallinula chloropus Common Moorhen Gallinule poule d'eau

**Common Gallinule; Moorhen Poule d’eau commune

meridionalis; chloropus; pyrrhorrhoa; orientalis

Resident and Palearctic winter visitor, freshwater wetlands: all of Africa except much of Sahara, main forest area and arid NE; Canary Is, St Helena (meridionalis resident, chloropus visitor); Madagascar, Comoro Is, Mascarenes (pyrrhorrhoa); Seychelles (orientalis).



Gallinula angulata Lesser Moorhen Gallinule africaine

Resident, swamps and other wetlands: all S of Sahara except arid NE and SW, N Kenya and most of Uganda.



Gallinula nesiotis Tristan Moorhen Gallinule de Tristan

Gough Moorhen; Tristan Gallinule*; Gallinule de Gough

Tristan da Cunha Moorhen

comeri; nesiotis (extinct)

IOC raises Gallinula comeri Gough Gallinule Gallinule de Gough

Resident, dense tussock grass in shrub and tree fern zones: Gough Is (comeri); nesiotis extinct on Tristan but comeri now introduced.



Fulica atra Eurasian Coot Foulque macroule

European Coot; Common Coot



atra

Resident and Palearctic winter visitor, open fresh water: resident and visitor North Africa, Azores, Canary Is; also winters Nile Valley and scattered in West Africa.



Fulica cristata Red-knobbed Coot Foulque à crête

Resident, open fresh water: Ethiopia to W Uganda, S Kenya to S Angola and to south and east except SE Tanzania and N Mozambique; N Morocco.

(Fulica americana American Coot Foulque d’Amérique)

Vagrant: Azores.

(Fulica armillata Red-gartered Coot Foulque à jarretières)

Vagrant: Tristan.

GRUIDAE
Grus grus Common Crane Grue cendrée

Eurasian Crane



grus; (CMT monotypic)

Palearctic winter visitor, agricultural areas, roosting in wetlands: scattered across North Africa Morocco - Egypt and up Nile to Ethiopia.

(Grus canadensis Sandhill Crane Grue du Canada)

Vagrant: 1 record Azores.



Bugeranus carunculatus Wattled Crane Grue caronculée

DFW, SAM, IOC, BL (+SL, SS) Grus carunculatus

Resident, large wetlands: Ethiopia; S Tanzania, S DRC, E Angola - Botswana, Mozambique; outlying populations in Angola, Namibia, E South Africa.

Anthropoides virgo Demoiselle Crane Grue demoiselle

SAM, BL Grus virgo

Breeding visitor and winter visitor, savanna and grassland: breeds Atlas Mts; winters Sahel zone L. Chad - Ethiopia and along Nile to Egypt.

Anthropoides paradiseus Blue Crane Grue de paradis

HM notes often incorrectly spelt A. paradisea

CMT, SAM, BL Grus paradisea

Resident, dry upland grassland, roosts and nests in wetlands: E and S South Africa; Etosha Pan, Namibia.



Balearica pavonina Black Crowned Crane Grue couronnée

Northern Crowned Crane



pavonina; ceciliae

Resident, grassland and wetland mixture: Sahel zone Senegal - Ethiopia, N Kenya, but more scattered west of Sudan.



Balearica regulorum Grey Crowned Crane Grue royale

Southern Crowned Crane



regulorum; gibbericeps

Resident, wetlands mixed with grassland, savanna: eastern Africa S Uganda, SW Kenya - E South Africa extending west in S Angola, N Namibia.

HELIORNITHIDAE
Podica senegalensis African Finfoot Grébifoulque d’Afrique

Grébifoulque du Sénégal



senegalensis; camerunensis; petersii; somereni

Resident, well vegetated pools, rivers, typically in forest areas: Senegal - Ethiopia, Uganda south to DRC, Zambia, NE South Africa and extending down E and S South Africa coast; S Kenya, N Tanzania.

OTIDIDAE (HM Otidae)
Tetrax tetrax Little Bustard Outarde canepetière

(BoA + tetrax; orientalis)

Resident and wanderer, steppes: Morocco, dispersing to east to Libya, occasionally Egypt.

Neotis denhami Denham’s Bustard Outarde de Denham

Stanley Bustard



denhami; jacksoni; stanleyi

Resident, grassland to shrubland and light woodland: Senegal - W Ethiopia, south through W Kenya, Uganda to Zambia, N Botswana; S South Africa; patches in W DRC, W Angola.



Neotis ludwigii Ludwig's Bustard Outarde de Ludwig

Resident, open plains: SW Angola - S South Africa.



Neotis nuba Nubian Bustard Outarde nubienne

(BoA + nuba; agaze)

Resident, arid and semi-arid scrub and savanna: patchy all across N Sahel zone just to south of Sahara desert.

Neotis heuglinii Heuglin's Bustard Outarde de Heuglin

Resident, arid open desert: Eritrea, E Ethiopia, Somalia, N Kenya.



Chlamydotis undulata Houbara Bustard Outarde houbara

undulata; fuertaventurae; (BoA, HBW + macqueenii here considered a separate species)

Resident, arid semi-desert: Morocco - NC Egypt S of Atlas Mts (undulata); E Canary Is (fuertaventurae).



Chlamydotis macqueenii MacQueen's Bustard ??

BoA, DFW, HBW, SAM, BL subsume into Chlamydotis undulata

Resident, arid semi-desert: E Egypt; vagrant Socotra.

Ardeotis arabs Arabian Bustard Outarde arabe

stieberi; arabs; butleri; lynesi (probably extinct)

Resident, semi-desert, open savanna: Sahel zone Senegal - Djibouti; W Morocco (probably extinct); 1 record NW Kenya.



Ardeotis kori Kori Bustard Outarde kori

struthiunculus; kori

Resident, flat open country: S Ethiopia, NW Somalia - N Tanzania; S Angola, Namibia - S Mozambique, South Africa (not SW or E).

Otis tarda Great Bustard Grande outarde

tarda

Resident, open plains: N Morocco.
All remaining species (all have been placed in Eupodotis and some still are) which occur in southern Africa are there known as Korhaans. The preferred name given here is Bustard throughout although Korhaan can be substituted for all which occur in southern Africa. (IOC, SS broadly use Korhaan for those in southern Africa and Bustard for the rest.)
Lophotis ruficrista Red-crested Bustard Outarde houpette

**Crested Bustard; Red-crested Korhaan*;

Buff-crested Korhaan

(BoA + ruficrista; gindiana; savilei here considered 3 separate species)

BoA, DFW, CMT, SAM, BL (+SL, SS) Eupodotis ruficrista

Resident, thorn scrub and savanna: S Angola, N Namibia - S Mozambique, N South Africa.



Lophotis savilei Savile’s Bustard Outarde de Savile

CMT, SAM, BL (+SS) Eupodotis savilei

BoA, DFW subsume into Lophotis (Eupodotis) ruficrista

Resident, bush and light woodland: Sahel zone Senegal - C Sudan.



Lophotis gindiana Buff-crested Bustard Outarde d’Oustalet

CMT, SAM, BL (+SF, SS) Eupodotis gindiana

BoA, DFW, BL subsume into Lophotis (Eupodotis) ruficrista



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