northern half of South Africa east to Transvaal.
Francolinus sephaena Crested Francolin Francolin huppé
sephaena; zambesiae; grantii (BoA granti); rovuma; spilogaster
Resident, bushland with sparse ground cover: S and E Ethiopia, Uganda, Somalia through E Tanzania to NE South Africa west through S Zambia to NE Namibia.
[Francolinus pondicerianus Grey Francolin Francolin gris]
Introduced to Seychelles, St Helena.
Francolinus squamatus Scaly Francolin Francolin écaillé
Francolin écailleux
(HM + squamatus; schuetti; maranensis; usambarae; uzungwensis; doni)
Resident, forest and plantations with dense undergrowth: patchy SE Nigeria to Ethiopia south to DRC, N Malawi.
Francolinus ahantensis Ahanta Francolin Francolin d'Ahanta
(HM + hopkinsoni; ahantensis)
Resident, forest edge, clearings: 3 separate populations: W Senegal - N Guinea; S Guinea - W Liberia; NE Ivory Coast - SW Nigeria.
Francolinus griseostriatus Grey-striped Francolin Francolin à bandes grises
Resident, dense understorey and thickets in gallery forest: 2 separate populations in W Angola.
Francolinus nahani Nahan's Francolin Francolin de Nahan
Resident, dense forest: NE DRC - W Uganda.
Francolinus hartlaubi Hartlaub's Francolin Francolin de Hartlaub
(HM + hartlaubi; bradfieldi; crypticus)
Resident, hills, ridges, kopjes with bushes on sandy soils: SW Angola - C Namibia.
Francolinus hildebrandti Hildebrandt's Francolin Francolin de Hildebrandt
(HM + altumi; hildebrandti; johnstoni)
Resident, rocky hillsides with dense thickets, bushed grassland: C Kenya - E DRC, Tanzania - N Zambia - Malawi.
Francolinus natalensis Natal Francolin Francolin du Natal
(HM + neavei; natalensis)
Resident, scrubby vegetation with dense thickets: Zambia - NE South Africa.
Francolinus bicalcaratus Double-spurred Francolin Francolin à double éperon
bicalcaratus; ayesha; (HM + thornei; ogilviegranti (BoA incl both in bicalcaratus))
Resident, most habitats outside forest: W and N Morocco (ayesha); Senegal - extreme W Chad (bicalcaratus).
Francolinus icterorhynchus Heuglin's Francolin Francolin à bec jaune
Resident, open habitats: CAR, N DRC - S Sudan, W Uganda.
Francolinus clappertoni Clapperton's Francolin Francolin de Clapperton
(HM + clappertoni; koenigseggi; heuglini; sharpii; nigrosquamatus; gedgii)
Resident, savannas often the drier parts: extreme E Mali - Ethiopia south to N Uganda.
Francolinus harwoodi Harwood's Francolin Francolin de Harwood
Resident, large dense Typha beds with scattered trees: Ethiopian highlands.
Francolinus capensis Cape Francolin Francolin criard
Resident, scrub, especially fynbos: Cape Province, South Africa.
Francolinus adspersus Red-billed Francolin Francolin à bec rouge
(HM, ROB + adspersus; mesicus)
Resident, thickets to arid savannas: S Angola - NW South Africa east to SW Zambia, W Zimbabwe, N Botswana.
Francolinus swierstrai Swierstra's Francolin Francolin de Swierstra
Resident, undergrowth in montane evergreen forest and nearby: small area in W Angola.
Francolinus camerunensis Mount Cameroon Francolin Francolin du Cameroun
**Cameroon Mountain Francolin; Cameroon Francolin du Mont Cameroun
Francolin
Resident, undergrowth in montane forest: Mt Cameroon.
Francolinus nobilis Handsome Francolin Francolin noble
Resident, montane forest, alpine zone: mts of E DRC, SW Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi.
Francolinus jacksoni Jackson's Francolin Francolin de Jackson
Resident, montane forest, alpine zone: mts of WC Kenya.
Francolinus castaneicollis Chestnut-naped Francolin Francolin à cou roux
castaneicollis; atrifrons; (HM + ogoensis; kaffanus (BoA incl both in castaneicollis))
Resident, forest, glades, undergrowth: Ethiopia, extreme N Kenya, N Somalia.
Francolinus ochropectus Djibouti Francolin Francolin somali
Francolin des Somalis
Resident, primary juniper forest and secondary: Goda and Mabla Mts, Djibouti.
Francolinus erckelii Erckel's Francolin Francolin d'Erckel
Resident, montane heath and scrub over 2000m asl: N Ethiopia, Eritrea, extreme NE Sudan.
Francolinus swainsonii Swainson's Spurfowl Francolin de Swainson
Swainson’s Francolin
swainsonii; lundazi (ROB ludanzi)
Resident, savannas and bush near water: extreme SE Angola, NC Namibia, S Zambia - S Mozambique, NE South Africa.
Francolinus afer Red-necked Spurfowl Francolin à gorge rouge
Red-necked Francolin
castaneiventer; afer; swynnertoni; melanogaster; leucoparaeus; cranchii; harterti
Resident, bush habitats: W and S DRC - S Angola east to S Kenya and south through E Zimbabwe to coast; coastal strip to Cape Town;
introduced to Ascension Is.
Francolinus rufopictus Grey-breasted Spurfowl Francolin à poitrine grise
Grey-breasted Francolin
Resident, plains, savannas: small area of NW Tanzania.
Francolinus leucoscepus Yellow-necked Spurfowl Francolin à cou jaune
Yellow-necked Francolin
Resident, Acacia/Commiphora bush: Ethiopia, Somalia - N Tanzania.
Xenoperdix udzungwensis Udzungwa Forest Partridge Francolin d’Udzungwa
Udzungwa Partridge Xénoperdrix de Tanzanie
(CMT + udzungwensis; obscurata)
Resident, montane and submontane forest: Udzungwa and nearby mts, S Tanzania.
MESITORNITHIDAE
Mesitornis variegatus White-breasted Mesite Mésite variée
HM notes often incorrectly spelt M. variegata
Resident, dry western forests: 3 separate populations in small area of W and N Madagascar.
Mesitornis unicolor Brown Mesite Mésite unicolore
Resident, humid forest: E Madagascar.
Monias benschi Subdesert Mesite Mésite monias
Monias de Bensch
Resident, spiny subdesert thicket: small area of SW Madagascar.
TURNICIDAE
Ortyxelos meiffrenii Quail-plover Turnix à ailes blanches
Lark Buttonquail Turnix de Meiffren
Resident and intra-African migrant, grassland and thorn scrub: Sahel zone N Senegal - E Sudan; S Ethiopia and parts of Kenya.
Turnix sylvaticus Kurrichane Buttonquail Turnix d’Andalousie
Small Buttonquail; Little Buttonquail Turnix d'Afrique
Common Buttonquail
lepurana; sylvaticus
HM notes often incorrectly spelt T. sylvatica (and race, and race incorrectly as lepuranus)
This species has many slightly different English names. In Europe it also used to be known as Andalusian Hemipode.
Resident and intra-African migrant, grassland and savannas: Morocco -Tunisia; all S of Sahara except forest area and parts of NE and SW.
Turnix hottentottus Black-rumped Buttonquail Turnix hottentot
Hottentot Buttonquail* Turnix nain
nanus; hottentottus
HM notes often incorrectly spelt hottentotta (and race, also nana)
SAM, IOC, ROB (+SL, SS) raise Turnix nanus Black-rumped Buttonquail Turnix nain (T. hottentottus becomes Hottentot
Buttonquail)
Resident, open grassland, savannas, not in arid areas: Senegal - Uganda south to N Angola - S Mozambique and along coast to Cape excluding the main forest area; (hottentottus in mts of S South Africa, nanus in rest of range including E South Africa).
Turnix nigricollis Madagascar Buttonquail Turnix de Madagascar
Resident, grassland to dry forest: Madagascar; also Mauritius, Réunion, Glorieuses Is but perhaps only introduced to these.
RALLIDAE
Himantornis haematopus Nkulengu Rail Râle à pieds rouges
Resident, rank vegetation along streams in forest: all of forest area of W and C Africa.
Canirallus oculeus Grey-throated Rail Râle à gorge grise
Resident, lowland forest: Sierra Leone - N and W Gabon, across N DRC to W Uganda.
Canirallus kioloides Madagascar Wood Rail Râle à gorge blanche
Madagascar Grey-throated Rail; Râle à front gris
Madagascan Forest Rail
kioloides; berliozi
Resident, undisturbed primary rainforest: E half (kioloides) and NW (berliozi) Madagascar.
(Gallirallus philippensis Buff-banded Rail Râle tiklin)
Banded Land Rail
Vagrant: Mauritius
IOC places all Sarothrura spp in Sarothruridae
Sarothrura pulchra White-spotted Flufftail Râle perlé
centralis; pulchra; zenkeri; batesi
Resident, mainly lowland forest near water: Senegal - SW Kenya to N Angola.
Sarothrura elegans Buff-spotted Flufftail Râle ponctué
elegans; reichenovi
Resident, especially forest and thick bush: Cameroon, Bioko - N Angola east to SW Ethiopia - E side of South Africa; records Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cape Province.
Sarothrura rufa Red-chested Flufftail Râle à camail
rufa; elizabethae; bonapartii (BoA bonapartei)
Resident, swamps and thick vegetation in and near water: Ethiopia; scattered in West Africa; S Cameroon, N Gabon to S Kenya, NE Tanzania down W Rift Valley to E half Angola, N Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, E and S South Africa.
Sarothrura lugens Chestnut-headed Flufftail Râle à tête rousse
Long-toed Flufftail
lugens; lynesi
Resident, grassy clearings in forest and savanna: very scattered records Cameroon, C Angola - N DRC - E Zimbabwe, W Tanzania.
Sarothrura boehmi Streaky-breasted Flufftail Râle de Böhm
Böhm's Flufftail; Streaky-breasted Pygmy Crake
Resident and intra-African migrant, short grass inundated by rains: S Cameroon, Nigeria; SE DRC, E Angola, Zambia, E Zimbabwe; SC Kenya.
Sarothrura affinis Striped Flufftail Râle affin
Râle à queue rousse
affinis; antonii
Resident, dry upland grassland: scattered S Sudan, SW Kenya, Malawi, E Zimbabwe, KZ-Natal to Cape.
Sarothrura insularis Madagascar Flufftail Râle insulaire
Resident, grassland, forest edges, secondary bush: mainly eastern Madagascar.
Sarothrura ayresi White-winged Flufftail Râle à miroir
Resident and intra-African migrant, marshes: Ethiopia around Addis Ababa where present June - Sept; parts of E South Africa; records Zambia, Zimbabwe.
Sarothrura watersi Slender-billed Flufftail Râle de Waters
Resident, small elevated wetlands near forest: 5 localities in E Madagascar.
Crex egregia African Crake Râle des prés
DFW, CMT, SAM, BL, ROB (+SL, SS) Crecopsis egregia
Resident, freshwater swamps, marshes, rivers, streams and dry grassland: all S of Sahara except north of N Nigeria to S Kenya and southeast of NE Namibia - NE South Africa.
Crex crex Corncrake Râle des genets
Corn Crake*
Palearctic winter visitor, dry grassland, savanna: North Africa mainly on passage, winters SE DRC, S Tanzania to E South Africa; scattered records all over especially on eastern side of continent.
(Neocrex erythrops Paint-billed Crake Râle à bec peint)
Vagrant: Tristan.
Rougetius rougetii Rouget's Rail Râle de Rouget
Resident, marshes in montane grassland and moorland: Ethiopian highlands extending into Eritrea.
Dryolimnas cuvieri White-throated Rail Râle de Cuvier
cuvieri; aldabranus; abbotti (extinct)
Resident: luxurious vegetation in wetlands in Madagascar (cuvieri); dry limestone in Aldabra (aldabranus); (abbotti was on Assumption).
Rallus aquaticus Water Rail Râle d'eau
European Water Rail
aquaticus
Resident, reeds and marshes: C Morocco - W Libya; R Nile; extends into Sahara in non-breeding season.
Rallus caerulescens African Rail Râle bleuâtre
**African Water Rail
Resident, swamps, marshes, rivers, streams: W Ethiopia highlands; S Uganda, S Kenya, SE DRC - South Africa excluding arid SW.
Rallus madagascariensis Madagascar Rail Râle de Madagascar
Madagascar Water Rail
Resident, marshes and wet margins especially high altitude: E Madagascar.
Porzana parva Little Crake Marouette poussin
Palearctic winter visitor, wetlands: Mediterranean area, scattered Senegal - Kenya, occasionally further south.
Porzana pusilla Baillon's Crake Marouette de Baillon
intermedia; pusilla; (HM, ZTP + obscura (CMT, HBW incl in intermedia))
Resident and Palearctic winter visitor, wetlands: Morocco - Tunisia; Ethiopia; S Angola - S Kenya and south; Madagascar.
Porzana porzana Spotted Crake Marouette ponctuée
Palearctic winter visitor, freshwater wetlands: North Africa; E Sudan, Ethiopia - Uganda - South Africa and west to Angola, Namibia; scattered records in West Africa.
Porzana carolina Sora Marouette de Caroline
Vagrant: Morocco.
Aenigmatolimnas marginalis Striped Crake Marouette rayée
SAM Aenigomatolimnas marginalis
Resident and wanderer, seasonally inundated grassland, avoiding main wetlands: N Ivory Coast scattered to Cameroon and south to Congo; E DRC - Kenya south to extreme SE Angola - N Mozambique; odd records South Africa; vagrant North Africa.
Amaurornis flavirostra Black Crake Râle à bec jaune
Marouette noire
HM notes often incorrectly spelt Amaurornis flavirostris
Resident, freshwater wetlands: all S of Sahara except dry NE and SW.
Amaurornis olivieri Sakalava Rail Râle d’Olivier
Resident, streams and marshes: 3 separate localities in Sakalava part of lowland W Madagascar.
(Amaurornis phoenicurus White-breasted Waterhen Râle à poitrine blanche)
Vagrant: Seychelles.
Atlantisia rogersi Inaccessible Island Rail Râle atlantis
Inaccessible Rail
Resident, all habitats especially coastal tussock grass: Inaccessible Is.
Porphyrio alleni Allen's Gallinule Talève d'Allen
Poule sultane d’Allen
DFW (+SS) Porphyrula alleni
Resident, wetlands: all S of Sahara except drier NE and SW; Madagascar, Comoros; Mauritius (probably introduced); vagrant North Africa, Azores, Canary Is, Ascension, St Helena.
Porphyrio martinica American Purple Gallinule Talève violacée
Yellow-legged Gallinule; [Purple Gallinule*] Talève pourprée; Poule sultane d’Amerique
DFW Porphyrula martinica; SAM, IOC, ROB (+SL) Porphyrio martinicus; (SS Porphyrula martinicus)
Vagrant: Cape Province and most Atlantic islands Azores to Tristan (where frequent).
Porphyrio porphyrio Purple Swamphen Talève sultane
African Swamphen; [Purple Gallinule] Talève poule-sultane; Poule-sultane
madagascariensis; porphyrio
IOC, ROB (+SL, SS) raise Porphyrio madagascariensis African (Purple) Swamphen Talève d’Afrique
Resident, sheltered waters: Morocco - Tunisia (porphyrio); Egypt and all S of Sahara except forest area and arid NE and SW; in West Africa only really in N part just S of desert; W Madagascar (all madagascariensis).
Gallinula chloropus Common Moorhen Gallinule poule d'eau
**Common Gallinule; Moorhen Poule d’eau commune
meridionalis; chloropus; pyrrhorrhoa; orientalis
Resident and Palearctic winter visitor, freshwater wetlands: all of Africa except much of Sahara, main forest area and arid NE; Canary Is, St Helena (meridionalis resident, chloropus visitor); Madagascar, Comoro Is, Mascarenes (pyrrhorrhoa); Seychelles (orientalis).
Gallinula angulata Lesser Moorhen Gallinule africaine
Resident, swamps and other wetlands: all S of Sahara except arid NE and SW, N Kenya and most of Uganda.
Gallinula nesiotis Tristan Moorhen Gallinule de Tristan
Gough Moorhen; Tristan Gallinule*; Gallinule de Gough
Tristan da Cunha Moorhen
comeri; nesiotis (extinct)
IOC raises Gallinula comeri Gough Gallinule Gallinule de Gough
Resident, dense tussock grass in shrub and tree fern zones: Gough Is (comeri); nesiotis extinct on Tristan but comeri now introduced.
Fulica atra Eurasian Coot Foulque macroule
European Coot; Common Coot
atra
Resident and Palearctic winter visitor, open fresh water: resident and visitor North Africa, Azores, Canary Is; also winters Nile Valley and scattered in West Africa.
Fulica cristata Red-knobbed Coot Foulque à crête
Resident, open fresh water: Ethiopia to W Uganda, S Kenya to S Angola and to south and east except SE Tanzania and N Mozambique; N Morocco.
(Fulica americana American Coot Foulque d’Amérique)
Vagrant: Azores.
(Fulica armillata Red-gartered Coot Foulque à jarretières)
Vagrant: Tristan.
GRUIDAE
Grus grus Common Crane Grue cendrée
Eurasian Crane
grus; (CMT monotypic)
Palearctic winter visitor, agricultural areas, roosting in wetlands: scattered across North Africa Morocco - Egypt and up Nile to Ethiopia.
(Grus canadensis Sandhill Crane Grue du Canada)
Vagrant: 1 record Azores.
Bugeranus carunculatus Wattled Crane Grue caronculée
DFW, SAM, IOC, BL (+SL, SS) Grus carunculatus
Resident, large wetlands: Ethiopia; S Tanzania, S DRC, E Angola - Botswana, Mozambique; outlying populations in Angola, Namibia, E South Africa.
Anthropoides virgo Demoiselle Crane Grue demoiselle
SAM, BL Grus virgo
Breeding visitor and winter visitor, savanna and grassland: breeds Atlas Mts; winters Sahel zone L. Chad - Ethiopia and along Nile to Egypt.
Anthropoides paradiseus Blue Crane Grue de paradis
HM notes often incorrectly spelt A. paradisea
CMT, SAM, BL Grus paradisea
Resident, dry upland grassland, roosts and nests in wetlands: E and S South Africa; Etosha Pan, Namibia.
Balearica pavonina Black Crowned Crane Grue couronnée
Northern Crowned Crane
pavonina; ceciliae
Resident, grassland and wetland mixture: Sahel zone Senegal - Ethiopia, N Kenya, but more scattered west of Sudan.
Balearica regulorum Grey Crowned Crane Grue royale
Southern Crowned Crane
regulorum; gibbericeps
Resident, wetlands mixed with grassland, savanna: eastern Africa S Uganda, SW Kenya - E South Africa extending west in S Angola, N Namibia.
HELIORNITHIDAE
Podica senegalensis African Finfoot Grébifoulque d’Afrique
Grébifoulque du Sénégal
senegalensis; camerunensis; petersii; somereni
Resident, well vegetated pools, rivers, typically in forest areas: Senegal - Ethiopia, Uganda south to DRC, Zambia, NE South Africa and extending down E and S South Africa coast; S Kenya, N Tanzania.
OTIDIDAE (HM Otidae)
Tetrax tetrax Little Bustard Outarde canepetière
(BoA + tetrax; orientalis)
Resident and wanderer, steppes: Morocco, dispersing to east to Libya, occasionally Egypt.
Neotis denhami Denham’s Bustard Outarde de Denham
Stanley Bustard
denhami; jacksoni; stanleyi
Resident, grassland to shrubland and light woodland: Senegal - W Ethiopia, south through W Kenya, Uganda to Zambia, N Botswana; S South Africa; patches in W DRC, W Angola.
Neotis ludwigii Ludwig's Bustard Outarde de Ludwig
Resident, open plains: SW Angola - S South Africa.
Neotis nuba Nubian Bustard Outarde nubienne
(BoA + nuba; agaze)
Resident, arid and semi-arid scrub and savanna: patchy all across N Sahel zone just to south of Sahara desert.
Neotis heuglinii Heuglin's Bustard Outarde de Heuglin
Resident, arid open desert: Eritrea, E Ethiopia, Somalia, N Kenya.
Chlamydotis undulata Houbara Bustard Outarde houbara
undulata; fuertaventurae; (BoA, HBW + macqueenii here considered a separate species)
Resident, arid semi-desert: Morocco - NC Egypt S of Atlas Mts (undulata); E Canary Is (fuertaventurae).
Chlamydotis macqueenii MacQueen's Bustard ??
BoA, DFW, HBW, SAM, BL subsume into Chlamydotis undulata
Resident, arid semi-desert: E Egypt; vagrant Socotra.
Ardeotis arabs Arabian Bustard Outarde arabe
stieberi; arabs; butleri; lynesi (probably extinct)
Resident, semi-desert, open savanna: Sahel zone Senegal - Djibouti; W Morocco (probably extinct); 1 record NW Kenya.
Ardeotis kori Kori Bustard Outarde kori
struthiunculus; kori
Resident, flat open country: S Ethiopia, NW Somalia - N Tanzania; S Angola, Namibia - S Mozambique, South Africa (not SW or E).
Otis tarda Great Bustard Grande outarde
tarda
Resident, open plains: N Morocco.
All remaining species (all have been placed in Eupodotis and some still are) which occur in southern Africa are there known as Korhaans. The preferred name given here is Bustard throughout although Korhaan can be substituted for all which occur in southern Africa. (IOC, SS broadly use Korhaan for those in southern Africa and Bustard for the rest.)
Lophotis ruficrista Red-crested Bustard Outarde houpette
**Crested Bustard; Red-crested Korhaan*;
Buff-crested Korhaan
(BoA + ruficrista; gindiana; savilei here considered 3 separate species)
BoA, DFW, CMT, SAM, BL (+SL, SS) Eupodotis ruficrista
Resident, thorn scrub and savanna: S Angola, N Namibia - S Mozambique, N South Africa.
Lophotis savilei Savile’s Bustard Outarde de Savile
CMT, SAM, BL (+SS) Eupodotis savilei
BoA, DFW subsume into Lophotis (Eupodotis) ruficrista
Resident, bush and light woodland: Sahel zone Senegal - C Sudan.
Lophotis gindiana Buff-crested Bustard Outarde d’Oustalet
CMT, SAM, BL (+SF, SS) Eupodotis gindiana
BoA, DFW, BL subsume into Lophotis (Eupodotis) ruficrista
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