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| Roberts, Eliza Chadwick; Klepp, Susan E.; and McDonald, Roderick A. “ELIZA CHADWICK ROBERTS: A VOYAGE TO JAMAICA, 1805.” William and Mary Quarterly 2001 58(3): 661-672.
Abstract: Presents an excerpt from and analysis of the manuscript autobiography of New Jersey resident Eliza Chadwick Roberts covering her 1805 voyage to Jamaica with her husband William Roberts, a ship's captain. Although her account covers her reactions to the difficult voyage to and from Jamaica and she displays an awareness of the conflicts between Britain and France that were coming to a head in the early 19th century, her reflections on the production of cane sugar and the lives of slaves working on the island's sugar plantations are the focus of much of her account of the trip. * Period: 1805. Klepp, Susan E. and McDonald, Roderick A. “INSCRIBING EXPERIENCE: AN AMERICAN WORKING WOMAN AND AN ENGLISH GENTLEWOMAN ENCOUNTER JAMAICA'S SLAVE SOCIETY, 1801-1805.” William and Mary Quarterly 2001 58(3): 637-660. Abstract: Compares the experiences of Maria Skinner Nugent and Eliza Chadwick Roberts, two women born in New Jersey who wrote of their experiences and views on slavery in Jamaica in the early 19th century. Nugent, the daughter of an exiled wealthy loyalist and wife of the British colonial governor, lived in Jamaica during 1801-05 and kept a detailed diary of her experiences there. Roberts, the daughter of a common American patriot and wife of a ship's captain, wrote of her month in Jamaica in her autobiography. No stranger to hard work, Roberts did not think the lives of the slaves on the sugar plantations particularly onerous, but was opposed to slavery as being antithetical to American republican principles. Nugent, on the other hand, was appalled by the work expected of the slaves and repelled by the conditions on the plantations, but was not ideologically opposed to the idea of African slavery. * Period: 1801-05. Malik, Iftikhar H. “IRELAND, ORIENTALISM AND SOUTH ASIA.” Asian Affairs [Great Britain] 2001 32(2): 189-194. Abstract: Reviews the journeys from India to Ireland and the written observations on life in the West by three Muslims - Mirza I'tisam al-Din, Muhammad Husain, and Abu Talib ibn Muhammad Isfahani - during the 18th century. All of them were Persian-speaking landowners who followed intellectual pursuits. In most cases, they found employment with the British East India Company or with the Fort William College in Calcutta, where they engaged in translation work. They reported on architecture, social life, religion, politics, diet, and economics in Ireland and elsewhere in Europe. * Period: 1750-1803. Hathorn, Stacye and Sabino, Robin. “VIEWS AND VISTAS: TRAVELING THROUGH THE CHOCTAW, CHICKASAW, AND CHEROKEE NATIONS IN 1803.” Alabama Review 2001 54(3): 208-220. Abstract: In 1803 Patrick Wilson participated in an expedition through what is now northern Alabama and Mississippi. The American Philosophical Society sponsored the trip and Wilson gave a copy of the logbook he kept to the society when he returned. He described early settlement of the area by European Americans and relations with the Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Cherokee tribes. * Period: 1803. Juengel, Scott. “COUNTENANCING HISTORY: MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT, SAMUEL STANHOPE SMITH, AND ENLIGHTENMENT RACIAL .” ELH (English Literary History) 2001 68(4): 897-927. Abstract: In her Letters Written during a Short Residence in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark (1796), Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-97) examined, among other things, the physiognomy of those she met in terms reminiscent of Samuel Stanhope Smith's Essay on the Causes of the Variety of Complexion and Figure in the Human Species (1787), a monogenic interpretation of racial evolution. Adaptability, political history and power, gender inequality, and even climatic factors in human variability enter into this travel account by a rational philosopher pondering European history and the "progress of the world's improvement." * Period: 1780-1800. O'Loughlin, Katrina. “"HAVING LIVED MUCH IN THE WORLD": INHABITATION, EMBODIMENT AND ENGLISH WOMEN TRAVELLERS' REPRESENTATIONS OF RUSSIA IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.” Women's Writing [Great Britain] 2001 8(3): 419-439. Abstract: Examines representations of Russia in the travel writings of British women in the 18th and 19th centuries. Using a mid-19th-century text, The Englishwoman in Russia, to introduce the more familiar racialized models of difference deployed by imperial travel writers, the article connects these with two mid-18th-century travel texts by virtue of the women writers' shared preoccupation with the female body as a sign of national culture and cultural difference. Through a reading of Mrs. Vigor's Letters from a Lady (1775) and Eliza Justice's Voyage to Russia (1746), the author argues that images of the female body were not only significant as a mode of cultural negotiation for foreign bodies and practices in this period, but that strategic "inhabitations" of Russian culture contributed to the women travelers' production of themselves as national and authorial "subjects" within their published texts. * Period: 18c. Banerjee, Ruchira. “THE CHRONICLE OF A WAR FORETOLD: HENRY BECHER'S IMPRESSIONS OF TIPU SULTAN'S MYSORE.” Indica [India] 2001 38(1-2): 205-212. Abstract: Examines the forces behind the publication of Henry Becher's impressions of Mysore under Tipu Sultan in the 1790's. Becher, who was imprisoned there during the third Anglo-Mysore war of 1792, represented the state as a loathsome tyranny and depicted the renewed conflict between its rulers and the humane and progressive British East India Company as both necessary and desirable. * Period: 1790-99. Drowne, Solomon, Jr.; Goodfriend, Joyce D., ed. “NEW YORK CITY IN 1772: THE JOURNAL OF SOLOMON DROWNE, JUNIOR.” New York History 2001 82(1): 25-52. Abstract: Presents excerpts from the journal of Solomon Drowne, Jr., (1753-1834), written in 1772, when he visited New York City from his home in Providence, Rhode Island. Drowne was only 19 years old at the time, but he wrote his journal in a clear and straightforward manner. Drowne's journal not only provides a rare insight into the city's sites, it also analyzes the treatment of smallpox through inoculation and reveals the activities of local Baptists. This article includes an introduction that summarizes Drowne's life. * Period: 1772. Giezendanner, Johann Ulrich. “LETTER FROM SOUTH CAROLINA, APRIL 23, 1737.” Swiss American Historical Society Review 2001 37(2): 25-28. Abstract: Prints a 1737 letter from Swiss minister Johann Ulrich Giezendanner discussing his arduous sea journey to South Carolina as well as his early experiences in and impressions of the American colonies. * Period: 1737. Monteiro, John M. “THE HEATHEN CASTES OF SIXTEENTH-CENTURY PORTUGUESE AMERICA: UNITY, DIVERSITY, AND THE INVENTION OF THE BRAZILIAN INDIANS.” Hispanic American Historical Review 2000 80(4): 697-719. Abstract: In 1586 Portuguese explorer Gabriel Soares de Sousa (ca. 1540-92) visited the court of Philip I of Portugal to seek permission to search Brazil's interior for silver mines. Among the credentials he presented were three manuscripts concerning the early history of the Portuguese colonies in the Americas, including Roteiro Geral: Com Largas Informacoes de Toda a Costa do Brasil and Memorial e Declaracao das Grandezas da Bahia de Todos os Santos, de Sua Fertilidade e das Notaveis Partes que Tem, considered the most important 16th-century accounts of Brazil. In his writings, Soares de Sousa made the diversity of the Brazilian coast's indigenous populations comprehensible by establishing two generic categories, Tupi and Tapuia. Soares de Sousa's writings did not exert much influence until the 19th century when Brazilian historian Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen, who spearheaded efforts by a generation of intellectuals to construct a Brazilian national historical tradition, recast Soares de Sousa's descriptions of Brazil's indigenous peoples within the context of the 19th century. Varnhagen portrayed the Tapuia as savages who impeded civilization and relegated the Tupi to a remote past, arguing that their propensity to mix with the Portuguese had cost them their existence, thus inaugurating a long-standing historiographical assumption that Brazilian history's beginning meant the end of the Indians. * Period: 19c. Gillespie, Greg. “SPORT AND "MASCULINITIES" IN EARLY-NINETEENTH-CENTURY ONTARIO: THE BRITISH TRAVELLERS' IMAGE.” Ontario History [Canada] 2000 92(2): 113-126. Abstract: Accounts of sporting events witnessed by British travelers in 19th-century Ontario reveal a sharp delineation between gentrified masculinity of the British middle class and the bush masculinity of the lower orders. The lower classes engaged in recreation based on the world of work and settlement, which evolved into cockfights, boxing matches, wrestling, and animal baiting. Dismissing these pursuits as violent and bloody, gentlemen engaged in games that promoted honor and built character. Middle-class contests such as lacrosse and snowshoeing were often derived from military training. Military officers and the social elite shared the same notions of masculinity. Sports then, reveal deep-seated notions of how manhood was defined and employed to separate social classes from one another. * Period: 19c. Adelberger, Jorg. “EDUARD VOGEL AND EDUARD ROBERT FLEGEL: THE EXPERIENCES OF TWO NINETEENTH-CENTURY GERMAN EXPLORERS IN AFRICA.” History in Africa 2000 27: 1-29. Abstract: German explorer Eduard Vogel (1829-56) was sent by the British Royal Geographic Society in 1853 to join the Central African Expedition of his countrymen Heinrich Barth and Adolf Overweg, which sought to explore the Mountains of the Moon and the presumed West African headwaters of the Nile River. Vogel was completely devoted to his scientific endeavors and insensitive and bellicose toward the Arabs and Africans he encountered. He studied the Lake Chad basin and was the first European to travel into the Muri Mountains of northeastern Nigeria. He died in Wara in early 1856, possibly for defying a local prohibition against climbing a sacred mountain, and his papers were lost. Nearly a generation later, another German explorer, Eduard Robert Flegel (1855-86), traveled in the same region, having already studied Arabic and African languages and taking care not to offend his African hosts. Flegel visited the Muri Mountains on his first journey, in 1879, and his second, in 1885. Despite his enthusiasm for promoting German colonialism and commercial enterprise during his later travels, Flegel, unlike Vogel, displayed great sensitivity, generosity, and even admiration for the Hausa and other African societies he encountered. * Period: 1853-86. Longmuir, Marilyn. “YENANGYAUNG AND ITS TWINZA: THE BURMESE INDIGENOUS "EARTH-OIL" INDUSTRY RE-EXAMINED.” Journal of Burma Studies 2000 5: 17-48. Abstract: Summarizes and evaluates the descriptions of the indigenous oil industry near the Burmese port town of Yenangyaung from 19th- and early-20th-century European observers. Focuses on the precolonial uses of the oil, legends about the site, local institutions governing ownership of the wells, indigenous methods of oil extraction, and the Europeans' estimates of production levels. The indigenous oil industry around Yenangyaung was perhaps the world's largest during the early 19th century. * Period: ca 1795-1885. Brusky, Sarah. “THE TRAVELS OF WILLIAM AND ELLEN CRAFT: RACE AND TRAVEL LITERATURE IN THE 19TH CENTURY.” Prospects 2000 25: 177-192. Abstract: William and Ellen Craft's Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom (1860), a work that narrates how the slave couple escaped from Georgia to Pennsylvania during 1848 by posing as a white invalid traveler and his slave, uses many of the rhetorical conventions found in travel literature by white writers of the antebellum period. The Crafts used such travel writing conventions as the prefacing apology, invocations of the past, and the "textualizing of the Other" in ways that problematize categories of race and gender, as well as shedding light on the racialized character of travel writing. * Period: 1848-60. Horta, Jose da Silva. “EVIDENCE FOR A LUSO-AFRICAN IDENTITY IN "PORTUGUESE" ACCOUNTS ON "GUINEA OF CAPE VERDE" (SIXTEENTH-SEVENTEENTH CENTURIES).” History in Africa 2000 27: 99-130. Abstract: Portugal's 15th- and early-16th-century exploration of the West African coast and Portuguese trade and other interactions with West Africans were subjects of early accounts written by Valentim Fernandes, a Moravian who introduced printing to Portugal, and Duarte Pacheco Pereira, who explored the coast and governed the Gold Coast trade station of Sao Jorge da Mina (Elmina). Cape Verdeans, themselves the result of Portuguese colonization of the Cape Verde Islands and the intermingling of Portuguese and West African cultures, provided later accounts of coastal West Africa. Almada, a Luso-African who traded to the coast late in the 16th century and proposed further settlement there, and Andre Donelha, who followed up on Almada's settlement plans, utilized oral texts to blend African perceptions and evidence with their colonial interests in their descriptions of West Africa and reports of developments inland, including the Fulbe migrations. * Period: 1858-59. Hans, Birgit. “THE TRAVELS OF PRINCE PAUL VON WUERTTEMBERG.” North Dakota Quarterly 2000 67(3-4): 56-69. Abstract: The meticulous journals of respected natural scientist Prince Paul von Wuerttemberg's travels in North America in the 1820's document his observations of Native life on the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. While his work betrays many of the prejudices of his race and class, the care of his descriptions and his recognition that people are culturally determined insure the enduring value of his work. * Period: 1820's. Strachan, John; Moir, John S., introd. “JOHN STRACHAN'S JOURNAL OF A TOUR OF UPPER CANADA, 1828.” Journal of the Canadian Church Historical Society [Canada] 2000 42(1): 59-79. Abstract: Reproduces journal entries dated 19 August to 9 September 1828 comprising the first half of a draft report written by John Strachan, president of the Anglican Board of the General Superintendence of Education, to Charles James Stewart, bishop of Quebec. In his report Strachan describes his visits to district grammar schools and assesses the progress of the Church of England in Upper Canada. The journal also reveals the difficulty of frontier travel and life. * Period: 1828. Roquefeuil, Camille de; Birkett, Mary Ellen, ed. “HAWAI'I IN 1819: AN ACCOUNT BY CAMILLE DE ROQUEFEUIL.” Hawaiian Journal of History 2000 34: 69-92. Abstract: Presents an English translation of portions of the travel account of Camille de Roquefeuil, a French seaman commanding a merchant ship out of Bordeaux who spent nearly three weeks in Hawaii in 1819 trading with the natives for goods he would later sell in China. De Roquefeuil met several times on the island of Hawaii with Kamehameha I, who died four months later. His account of the king's control of the islands, daily life, and the physical setting of several harbors provides a glimpse of Hawaii before the arrival of American missionaries and the changes instituted by Kamehameha II. * Period: 1819. Chew, William L., III. “FROM ROMANTICISM TO REALISM: AMERICAN TOURISTS IN REVOLUTIONARY FRANCE.” Consortium on Revolutionary Europe 1750-1850: Selected Papers 2000: 40-54. Abstract: Between 1780 and 1815, approximately eight to ten thousand Americans traveled to France on either commercial or diplomatic business or, to a lesser degree, as tourists. Travel accounts suggest that visitors arrived with a romanticized view of French history, displayed in their passion for antiquity and medieval churches, that formed a sharp contrast with their more practical interest in trade, manufacturing, and technology. Such realism was most evident in their interest in the political fate of France, as visits to sites of revolutionary drama joined the chateaux of Versailles and Chantilly on the tourist trail. Regardless of social background, education, and motives for visiting France, all travelers shared a belief in the superiority of America's social, political, and economic situation at this time of revolutionary upheaval. * Period: 1780-1815. Punch, Terrence M. “"HORTE ICH DASS . . ." TRAVELS OF A RHINELANDER IN NOVA SCOTIA IN 1807.” Journal of the Royal Nova Scotia Historical Society [Canada] 2000 3: 105-123. Abstract: Discusses the nature, different categories, and purposes of travel writing and then presents an account of a book that details the travels of a German businessman in North America in 1807. The work was so popular in Germany that it went through four editions with minor alterations in content and title between 1812 and 1824. The work was published anonymously but appears to have been written by Georg Andreas Gottlieb (1769-1830). His description of his travels in the central peninsula of Nova Scotia gives insights to agriculture, commerce, the nature of the countryside, and the hardships of travel. * Period: 1807. Gottlieb, Georg Andreas; Punch, Terrence M., transl. “TRAVELS OF A RHINELANDER THROUGH THE NORTH AMERICAN STATES: IN NOVA SCOTIA, 1807.” Journal of the Royal Nova Scotia Historical Society [Canada] 2000 3: 124-133. Abstract: Presents a translation of a section of Georg Andreas Gottlieb's Reise eines Rheinlanders durch die Nordamerikanischen Staaten (1824), designed to accompany the translator's article on the work in this issue. The passage describes the landscape, commercial and agricultural activities, the abundance of fresh and saltwater fish, encounters with colonial settlers, and some of the hazards of travel as Gottlieb journeyed through the central peninsula of Nova Scotia in 1807. * Period: 1807. Porter, David. “A PECULIAR BUT UNINTERESTING NATION: CHINA AND THE DISCOURSE OF COMMERCE IN EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY ENGLAND.” Eighteenth-Century Studies 2000 33(2): 181-199. Abstract: British visitors to China during the 18th century identified an unnatural effort toward blockage and obstructionism as one of the defining features of Chinese society. By pointing out the Chinese hostility toward Westerners, their rejection of the free circulation of goods and capital as essential to a prosperous society, and their erection of barriers to the free flow of international commerce, British observers portrayed China as culturally stagnant and boring. In making these judgments, British visitors demonstrated their distinctively commercialist orientation and also countered earlier Jesuit accounts that had lauded Chinese culture. Believing that trade was an instrument of progress toward civilization, the British viewed China's resistance as a mark of their cultural inferiority. This commercialist reading of Chinese culture formed the underpinning of modern Western conceptions of China. * Period: 18c. Uragoda, C. G. “BARON MUNCHAUSEN'S FANTASTIC ADVENTURE IN SRI LANKA.” Journal of Medical Biography [Great Britain] 2000 8(1): 49-51. Abstract: Since accounts of his travels were of questionable veracity, Baron Karl Friedrich Hieronymus von Munchhausen (1720-97) has come to stand for a teller of tall stories. The syndrome named after him (in 1951) is a condition in which persons repeatedly seek medical attention by simulating illness with exaggerated complaints. Ironically, however, the account of Munchhausen's purported travels were authored not by the baron himself, but by Rudolph Erich Raspe (1737-94), a German who had been expelled from the Royal Society of England. The text of the account of Munchhausen's travels in Ceylon is included. * Period: 1760-97. Rose, Sven-Erik. “THE FUNNY BUSINESS OF THE SWEDISH EAST INDIA COMPANY: GENDER AND IMPERIAL JOKE-WORK IN JACOB WALLENBERG'S TRAVEL WRITING.” Eighteenth-Century Studies 2000 33(2): 217-232. Abstract: Jacob Wallenberg, chaplain aboard the Swedish East India Company ship Finland during a 1769-71 voyage from Sweden to Canton and back, wrote a comic episodic travelogue entitled Min Son Pagalejan [My son on the galley]. In his text, comedy and colonialism intersect to distract from colonial violence by employing humor. By associating Swedish women with notions of home and domesticity, Wallenberg placed them as the main impetus behind the voyage, demonstrating that the journey paradoxically was oriented toward the return home through the embodiment of Swedish womanhood. While Wallenberg, through the use of jokes, presented Swedish women as the true orientation of the voyage, he simultaneously presented them as degraded commodities. * Period: 1760's-80's. Nokes, J. Richard. “NO SUCH RIVER EXISTS: JOHN MEARES'S SEARCH FOR THE GREAT RIVER OF THE WEST.” Columbia 2000-01 14(4): 31-37. Abstract: John Meares (1756-1809), a Royal Navy veteran who engaged in the fur trade between China and the northwest coast of North America, attempted to find the Northwest Passage in 1788. * Period: 1788. Jamison, Anne Macmeans; Carstens, Kenneth C. and Rivers, Sara Jean, ed. “LIFE ON THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY FRONTIER: THE NARRATIVE OF ANNE MACMEANS JAMISON.” Filson Club History Quarterly 2000 74(1): 31-44. Abstract: Examines the narrative of Anne MacMeans Jamison, who ventured west with her husband and seven children in 1778 and experienced many unforgettable situations in Kentucky before returning to her original home in Pennsylvannia in 1783. Her story of the family's misfortune is gripping, since it recounts hunger, illness, the death of relatives, and the death of her husband and two children. On the return trip, proceeding down the Mississippi River from Fort Jefferson (in Kentucky) their party arrived in Natchez. The family remained there more than a year before proceeding to New Orleans, where they sought passage to Philadelphia. The family was often in danger from the British before landing near Wilmington, Delaware. * Period: 1778-83. Curtis, George M., III and Gill, Harold B., Jr. “A MAN APART: NICHOLAS CRESSWELL'S AMERICAN ODYSSEY, 1774-1777.” Indiana Magazine of History 2000 96(2): 169-190. Abstract: While Nicholas Cresswell's journal from his travels in America has been a popular source for historians of the American Revolution since its publication in 1928, his opinions, actions, and personality have largely been ignored. Cresswell came to America in 1774 to establish himself as a farmer either in Virginia or in the Ohio Valley. Quick-tempered, impulsive, and ambitious, his optimism regarding his prospects for achieving financial independence from his family rapidly diminished, as it became more and more clear that the economic and political chaos created by the revolution would make it impossible for him to carry out his plans. Throughout his tenure, he remained an observer, endorsing neither Loyalists nor Patriots. Cresswell returned to his home in Derbyshire, England, in 1777. * Period: 1774-77. Arii, Shokyu; Sato, Hiroaki, introd. “RECORD OF AN AUTUMN WIND: THE TRAVEL DIARY OF ARII SHOKYU.” Monumenta Nipponica [Japan] 2000 55(1): 1-43. Abstract: Introduces and prints a translation of haikai poet Arii Shokyu's (1714-81) travel account Aki Kaze no Ki [Record of an autumn wind], which describes a trip she took in 1771 emulating Basho's trip of 1689. Although inspired by the earlier poet to the point of adopting his form, she was much more matter-of-fact and less sentimental about travel itself. * Period: 1762-71. Nevrly, Mikulas. “ITINERARY BY DANIEL KRMAN, JR. AND THE BATTLE OF POLTAVA IN 1709.” Human Affairs [Slovakia] 2000 10(1): 87-97. Abstract: July 1999 marked the 290th anniversary of the battle of Poltava in Ukraine. The victory of the Russian tsar Peter I over Swedish king Charles XII brought an end to the Swedish military hegemony on the European continent and elevated Russia to the ranks of the major European powers. The defeat of the Swedes at Poltava marked the beginning of the rise and expansion of the Russian empire not only westward but also toward the East. The Slovak evangelical bishop Daniel Krman, Jr., was a witness to and a participant in this war. He was known in Hungary as a zealous follower of Luther's teachings. His travel book Itinerarium was written on the basis of notes he had made during his journey with a religious mission to the Swedish king in the years 1708-09. Krman understood the essence of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and joined the Ukrainian hetman Ivan Mazepa, who had rebelled against Moscow. The itinerary reflects an author who was a humanist, a good observer, and an erudite writer. The 1999 Ukrainian edition of this classic work of the Slovak baroque contains a map of Krman's journey. * Period: 1709. Download 0.71 Mb. Share with your friends:
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