United States Policy Key – internal policy in countries shifts toward the moral economy of abstinence only because of US influence Robinson 2007
Mark Robinson, M.A. in Medical Anthropology from University of Chicago and B.A. in linguistics from Northwestern University and is presently a graduate student in the Divinity School at the University of ChicagoDivinity School, University of Chicago 2007 http://cas.uchicago.edu /workshops/rrtpm/markr.doc
Uganda’s moral economy rests upon a material economy…political and economic interests.
Only a return to condoms can halt fundamentalism – abstinence-only must be rejected.
GREEN LEFT WEEKLY, June 30, 2004, http://www.greenleft.org.au /2004/587/32289
Prevention interventions aimed at gay men…needle-exchange programmes, both in the United States and globally.
There is no benefit to fundamentalism – foreign aid fails unless it is removed and it will never achieve its end goals anyway.
Douglas A Feldman, applied medical anthropologist, has been active in AIDS research and policy since 1982. His latest book is The AIDS Crisis: A Documentary History (1998), PROBLEMS WITH THE UGANDA MODEL FOR HIV/AIDS PREVENTION, 2003, http://www.aaanet.org/press/an /infocus/hivaids/0310_feldmanai ds.htm
With $15 billion available …elements of American Christianity.
We must rhetorically interrogate the Bush administration’s use of fundamentalism in foreign policy.
DESERT MORNING NEWS, February 13, 2003, http://findarticles.com/p /articles/mi_qn4188/is_20030215 /ai_n11377964
Princeton religion scholar…political and civil discourse," Pagels said. Cathedral Prep CH – Affirmative – Science 1AC
Prior to the Bush Administration, Uganda had an effective prevention strategy to tackle AIDS – But since the inception of the PEPFAR program there has been a reliance on Abstinence Only programs instead of overall prevention causing massive increases in AIDS cases throughout Uganda and the freezing of Condoms programs through the country Robinson 2007 Mark Robinson, M.A. in Medical Anthropology from University of Chicago and B.A. in linguistics from Northwestern University and is presently a graduate student in the Divinity School at the University of ChicagoDivinity School, University of Chicago 2007 http://cas.uchicago.edu/workshops/rrtpm/markr.doc
By the end of the twentieth century, Uganda achieved a formidable feat…abstinence and behavior change.” (Kastaye, 2005)
PEPFAR has hijacked condom social marketing programs in Uganda. Feuer, April 2004 Cindra, "Can PEPFAR Save the Most Vulnerable?" amfAR AIDS Research, http://www.amfar.org/cgi-bin/iowa/td/feature/record.html?record=119
Before PEPFAR, most AIDS funding from the US … factors in their increased risk of infection,” said Jacobson.
PEPFAR is currently slashing science-based programs that were successful and replacing them with morality-based abstinence programs. Nolen 2006 STEPHANIE NOLEN in August 19, 2006 graduate of the University of King's College and the London School of Economics, in Canadian Sociology and Anthropology Association with support from CIDA, "Deadly Disease and Human Suffering “U.S. gets this war right;”
As one leading U.S. activist said, "You can't say that PEPFAR works, or has done good things… pointedly about condom failure, contrary to most evidence.
Observation Two – The Struggle
PEPFAR abstinence-only rules are resulting in an ideological shift away from science and towards religion in politics. On top of this, it’s a complete failure.
Fillinger – 6 (Tamera, former foreign service Legal Advisor with USAID, “SYMPOSIUM: THE GLOBAL ADVANCEMENT OF WOMEN: BARRIERS AND BEST PRACTICES: ENHANCING HUMAN SECURITY: U.S. POLICIES AND THEIR HEALTH IMPACT ON WOMEN IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA”, University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class, 6 RRGC 337, lexis)
PEPFAR represents a dramatic shift in U.S. HIV/AIDS policy - away from prevention and toward treatment, and away from science-based approaches and toward ideologically-motivated programs….a shorthand for promoting Abstinence, Being faithful and using Condoms, and focus only, for example, on abstinence training.
Abstinence policies in Africa, and specifically Uganda, are shifting focus away from science-based programs to religious and morality based programs – Africa has become a killing field.
Ireland, 2006 Doug, TomPaine.com, Veteran Political Analyst, December 1, 2006, (http://www.tompaine.com/articles/2006/12/01/bushs_other_losing_war_aids.php)
The world has failed miserably to meet the goals for AIDS…—where two-thirds of the world's AIDS cases occur—a killing field.
This is allowing for an evangelical takeover of Uganda and Africa – our abstinence policies are resulting in the global spread of radical evangelicalism.
Robinson 2007 Mark Robinson, M.A. in Medical Anthropology from University of Chicago and B.A. in linguistics from Northwestern University and is presently a graduate student in the Divinity School at the University of ChicagoDivinity School, University of Chicago 2007 http://cas.uchicago.edu/workshops/rrtpm/markr.doc
“Evangelical churches are enjoying the crisis we are going through and taking advantage of it to promote abstinence-only programs.” …poses to bring modernity and thus morality to Africa.
Abstinence-only policies are resulting in the reorientation of Uganda’s moral economy to redefine HIV/AIDS as a social and religious stigma instead of a disease rooted in science; government morality and religion is trumping science.
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