Arctic Ocean ocean directly to the north of Canada

2. Hudson Bay – large body of water surrounded by land on three sides that extends into northern Canada from the

Atlantic Ocean

3. St. Lawrence River – large waterway connecting Lake Ontario to the Atlantic Ocean

4. Atlantic Ocean – ocean directly to the east of Canada

5. Great Lakes – a group of five lakes, four of which make-up part of the border between the US and Canada

6. Canadian Shield – area made from ancient rock covering a large part of eastern and central Canada: known for

its thin, rocky soil that is rich in minerals; and rough, rolling landscape, as well as many lakes and rivers

7. Rocky Mountains – found in western Canada, a long mountain chain stretching over 3,000 miles from British

Columbia in Canada to New Mexico in the United States

8. Separatists – people in Quebec, Canada who want Quebec to be granted its independence

9. Mixed Economy – economies with characteristics of both Command and Market systems

10. NAFTA – agreement between Canada, Mexico and the United States that created the world’s largest free-trade zone

11. Federal – form of government where power is divided between the central government and smaller divisions, such as states

12. Democracy – form of government that puts the power in the hands of the citizens

13. Parliamentary system – type of democratic government where citizens elect MP’s (members of parliament) who choose a prime minister as chief executive

14. Premier – The name of the chief executive in the Canadian parliamentary system.

15. Acid rain – clouds of rain containing sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides that cause problems in the environment

16. Phosphorous – water polluting chemical used in fertilizer, pesticides, toothpaste, detergents, and explosives

17. Algal bloom – a rapid increase in algae that is bad for lakes; in large quantities can cause death of plant and

animals in the area

18. Slag – leftover rock from the smelting process used in mining processes; often dumped wherever it is convenient

19. Clear-cutting – the removal of all trees from an area by logging companies

CANADA – Vocabulary

2. Hudson Bay – large body of water surrounded by land on three sides that extends into northern Canada from the

Atlantic Ocean

3. St. Lawrence River – large waterway connecting Lake Ontario to the Atlantic Ocean

4. Atlantic Ocean – ocean directly to the east of Canada

5. Great Lakes – a group of five lakes, four of which make-up part of the border between the US and Canada

6. Canadian Shield – area made from ancient rock covering a large part of eastern and central Canada: known for

its thin, rocky soil that is rich in minerals; and rough, rolling landscape, as well as many lakes and rivers

7. Rocky Mountains – found in western Canada, a long mountain chain stretching over 3,000 miles from British

Columbia in Canada to New Mexico in the United States

8. Separatists – people in Quebec, Canada who want Quebec to be granted its independence

9. Mixed Economy – economies with characteristics of both Command and Market systems

10. NAFTA – agreement between Canada, Mexico and the United States that created the world’s largest free-trade zone

11. Federal – form of government where power is divided between the central government and smaller divisions, such as states

12. Democracy – form of government that puts the power in the hands of the citizens

13. Parliamentary system – type of democratic government where citizens elect MP’s (members of parliament) who choose a prime minister as chief executive

14. Premier – The name of the chief executive in the Canadian parliamentary system.

15. Acid rain – clouds of rain containing sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides that cause problems in the environment

16. Phosphorous – water polluting chemical used in fertilizer, pesticides, toothpaste, detergents, and explosives

17. Algal bloom – a rapid increase in algae that is bad for lakes; in large quantities can cause death of plant and

animals in the area

18. Slag – leftover rock from the smelting process used in mining processes; often dumped wherever it is convenient