Environmental Assessment Report
Residual Impact Assuming Full Mitigation: NONE
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Residual Impact Assuming Full Mitigation: NONE Potential for adverse environmental impact: LOW
Residual Impact Assuming Full Mitigation: LOW to MODERATE Potential for adverse environmental impact: MODERATE
Residual Impact Assuming Full Mitigation: NONE Potential for adverse environmental impact: LOW
Residual Impact Assuming Full Mitigation: NONE Potential for adverse environmental impact: LOW
Residual Impact Assuming Full Mitigation: NONE Potential for adverse environmental impact: LOW
Residual Impact Assuming Full Mitigation: LOW Potential for adverse environmental impact: LOW
Residual Impact Assuming Full Mitigation: NONE Potential for adverse environmental impact: LOW
Residual Impact Assuming Full Mitigation: NONE Potential for adverse environmental impact: LOW The VIP-2 will finance a broad range of sub-projects that involve rehabilitation of local infrastructure and investment in activities that have social and economic benefits to rural communities. To facilitate the screening of potential subprojects for potential environmental impacts, Table 4 provides a summary of the environmental components that may be effected by the various kinds of sub-projects that may be proposed. Along with Table 3 and additional guidance on project mitigation provided in Guidelines for Environmental Review of Micro Projects, this provides guidance to project staff for determining the focus of necessary sub-project environmental review. Appendix B provides lists of project types that, according to national regulations, are subject to environmental assessment and those for which environmental assessment is not required. Table 4. Project Activities Affecting Different Components of the Environment. Horizontal Axis
h = relatively high potential impact m = relatively moderate potential impact l = relatively low potential impact t = temporary or transitional impact 5.5 Potential Cumulative Impacts Financing under the VIP-2 will be available to more than 150 Aiyl okmotu in all oblasts of the Kygyz Republic. The majority of sub-projects are expected to involve renovation, rehabilitation or development of community infrastructure. Sub-projects supporting small and medium enterprises will also be eligible but will likely represent a minor fraction of the overall portfolio. The majority of sub-projects will be small, in the range from US$ 500 to 10,000. The large number of small grants for diverse purposes that are disbursed widely throughout the country are not expected to generate significant cumulative environmental impacts. In the case of social and market infrastructure investments, small workshops, service sector enterprises and small agro-processing activities, cumulative effects can be avoided by ensuring that current building codes and land use regulations are followed and that waste discharges fall within the acceptable range defined by existing regulations. Discharge of processing wastes into water bodies and landfills should be monitored to ensure that the content and quantities remain within permitted limits. Independent monitoring of surface and ground water quality and quantity should be routinely done to detect contamination. The sectors where projects are most likely to have cumulative effects in spatial or temporal contexts are in agriculture, livestock and, perhaps, forestry (woodlots). In the case of projects providing agricultural inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides, both the total area and the location of subprojects need to be taken into account to ensure that local carrying capacities for livestock are not being exceeded and the absorptive capacities for fertilizers and other inputs remain within acceptable limits. Within the localized regions (aiyl okmotus) where projects will be implemented, the project should seek input from the MAWPI extension services, the rangeland management authority and the SAEPF monitoring authorities in developing estimates of livestock carrying capacity and land use plans for agriculture. Water resources should be assessed in terms of both quantity and quality as a basis for evaluating investments in repair, renovation or extension of irrigation systems and in terms of their absorptive capacity in the case of enterprises that will generate waste discharge or create runoff. The most effective remedy for avoiding cumulative impacts on soil and water resources is pre-emptive planning that assesses the limits of land and water resources available within a localized region and sets limits on the number of projects that can be supported within these constraints. In both agriculture and livestock projects, extension services should be consulted in establishing proper crop rotation, stocking rates and grazing rotation cycles to avoid long term degradation of natural vegetation cover and the attendant consequences ( e.g. erosion, desertification, land destabilization). With irrigation as with application of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, the best way to avoid cumulative negative impacts is to set and monitor appropriate application levels and to monitor soil and water quality to quickly detect where safe levels may be being exceeded. Community forestry projects such as the establishment of woodlots to meet household energy needs should be sited on lands that are already degraded and in need of rehabilitation rather than displacing existing healthy or recoverable natural forests. The extension services of the Department of Forestry and MAWPI should be involved in identifying suitable locations for wood lots and in determining appropriate cutting and harvest cycles and methods that do not lead to temporary but potentially severe land erosion, increased erosion and stream sedimentation.
Mitigation of potential environmental impacts of the sub-projects anticipated will not be costly and can, to a large extent, be addressed through project design and the incorporation of existing codes, guidelines and regulations into project implementation. In the case of some activities such as application of pesticides and fertilizers, intensification and diversification of agriculture and livestock, the extension services of MAWPI can provide guidance and relevant training to project implementers. In the case of agro-processing the anticipation of waste components and quantities and effective planning for waste treatment and safe disposal can effectively minimize impacts. For the range of projects anticipated, effective monitoring by SAEPF and other appropriate civil authorities (e.g. MoH, MAWPI, Forestry Department, rangeland management authority) can ensure that potential impacts will be minimized or avoided.
Residual impacts are those that remain after all mitigation has been done. These are the trade-offs for the benefits achieved through the project. If full and effective mitigation is incorporated in the sub-projects the overall residual effects will be few and insignificant. Table 5 provides a summary of residual effects. Table 5. Potential Residual Impacts.
6. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 6.1 Category A and Category B Sub-projects The majority of sub-projects anticipated will involve the renovation or improvement of community infrastructure. None of these are expected to be placed in the World Bank's Categories A or B. Possible sub-project proposals that would require a full environmental impact assessment are requests for pesticide application and small scale mining or quarrying activities. Some agricultural intensification and agro-processing enterprises may require Category B environmental evaluation and environmental management plans. To ensure that adequate and appropriate environmental review and mitigation is carried out the VIP-2 will establish procedures for screening and scoping of sub-project proposals including, as appropriate, consultation with local state environmental inspectors (SAEPF). Based on preliminary review of the potential impacts and the scale of sub-projects (screening and scoping) and in consultation with SAEPF experts at raion or oblast level, the VIP-2 would provide technical assistance to proponents in determining the level of environmental analysis required and the costs of environmental assessment or management plan development would be included in the sub-project financing. Because the scale of VIP-2 sub-projects will be modest and their potential impacts will therefore be of limited scale it is likely that relatively few proposals, if any, will require Category A or Category B level assessment. A simple format for development of basic environmental management plans is provided as an attachment to Guidelines for Environmental Review of Micro Projects.
Although the legal authority and responsibility of monitoring rests with the SAEPF and other civil authorities (e.g. MoH, MAWPI) the capacity for monitoring and enforcement of these agencies is limited, especially in the rural areas where the majority of project activities will be carried out. The VIP-2 will, therefore need to ensure that an effective monitoring program is built into the projects it finances and paid for under the project. For sub-projects with potential for significant impacts, a monitoring plan would be required as part of the documentation for sub-project approval (see format attached to Guidelines for Environmental Review of Micro Projects). The results of monitoring would be taken into account in consideration of subsequent requests for financing. In addition, as part of its regular supervision missions, the World Bank should monitor a sub-set of subprojects for compliance with mitigation described in environmental management plans. 6.3 Environmental Capacity Development 6.3.1 VIP-2 Environmental Capacity To ensure compliance of VIP-2 financed sub-projects with existing environmental regulations and those that may be promulgated in the future, the VIP-2 should hire an environmental specialist or contract with a qualified non-governmental organization to: provide guidance on initial project screening and review; develop terms of reference for sub-project review or assessment; review environmental management and monitoring plans submitted as part of the sub-project appraisal process, and; periodically determine that monitoring is being carried out to appropriate standards. Activities to be carried out by the environmental specialist or contractor would include:
The environmental specialist or contractor will ensure that applicable national standards and guidelines are being achieved or followed. Where multiple sub-projects are being carried out in geographical proximity, assess the possible cumulative effects on the environment (in particular natural habitats, forests, soil and water quality). The environmental specialist or contractor will provide guidance and backstopping to VIP-2 field officers and aiyl okmotu Investment Councils (LICs) on the application of project environmental screening procedures to sub-project proposals. 6.3.2 VIP-2 Staff Staff of the VIP-2 Project Management Unit and field officers based in the oblasts will not be, primarily, environmental specialists. In order to provide appropriate advice and guidance to LIC's, the VIP-2 field officers and PMU headquarters staff should be generally knowledgeable about the potential impacts of various types of sub-projects, the types of projects that are ineligible for financing, the requirements of SAEPF for environmental clearance at oblast level and the general procedures for screening and scoping of sub-projects as outlined in the environmental guidelines that form part of the VIP-2 Operational Manual (Guidelines for Environmental Review of Micro Projects). 6.3.3 Aiyl Okmotu Investment Councils As the institution with primary responsibility for identifying and prioritizing potential sub-projects to be financed under the VIP-2 the LIC's are the project entity with the initial responsibility for project screening and for making recommendations for project financing. With guidance provided by VIP-2 field officers, backstopped by the environmental specialist or contractor, the LICs will need to become operationally familiar with project environmental screening criteria and project requirements for environmental management, mitigation and monitoring. 6.3.4 Training To ensure that all elements of the VIP-2 management structure (LICs, Field Officers, PMU Staff) are fully aware of the environmental screening, assessment, management and monitoring activities that are incorporated in VIP-2 implementation, the project will need to invest in appropriate training for each of these links in the management chain. The Project plan for environmental training is and capacity building provided in Appendix C. The PMU staff need to be generally aware of the procedures established for environmental screening, scoping, assessment, review, management, mitigation and monitoring as described in the VIP-2 Operational Manual (see Guidelines for Environmental Review of Micro Projects). They also need to be aware of types of projects that are ineligible for financing under World Bank Guidelines and the general procedures and costs that may be associated with carrying out environmental assessment of potential Category A or B subprojects. Appropriate guidance has been included in the project Operational Manual. VIP-2 Field Officers need to be familiar with the environmental screening procedures incorporated in the VIP-2 Operational Manual for initial project review that will determine the level of environmental assessment a given sub-project may require. They should also be generally aware of the kinds of environmental problems that may be associated with different types of projects and the kinds of mitigation options that may be required to address them. They need to be familiar with the structure and general content of environmental management plans and environmental monitoring plans that may be required for some types of sub-projects. They need to be aware of SAEPF procedures for environmental review and clearance of those projects requiring environmental review as well as any reporting or monitoring responsibilities of the project proponent to assure compliance with national permit requirements for waste discharge or conformance with other environmental standards. The LICs will need to be familiar with the sub-project screening methods and criteria that are included in the VIP-2 Operational Manual (Guidelines for Environmental Review of Micro Projects) and project requirements for including appropriate mitigation and monitoring in the costs to be financed by the VIP-2. They will also need an understanding of the content of environmental management and monitoring plans and the general nature of mitigation requirements for "typical" sub-project investments. They need to be generally aware of SAEPF requirements for environmental clearance and the permitting process for waste discharge. They need to be aware of the MAWPI and MoH roles in monitoring and enforcement of water quality standards To achieve the level of awareness among the primary project constituents required to accomplish effective environmental assessment, review, management and monitoring of VIP-2 financed subprojects, three training components should be included in the VIP-2 project design. Component 1: The target audience is VIP-2-PMU Staff. They should participate in a two day training course on: (i) national and World Bank requirements for environmental assessment, mitigation, monitoring and reporting; (ii) the screening and scoping procedures described in the VIP-2 Operational Manual; (iii) the generic procedures for environmental assessment required by the World Bank and national authorities (SAEPF); (iv) monitoring and reporting requirements of the World Bank for sub-project supervision. Component 2: The target audience is VIP-2 Field Officers and oblast level SAEPF personnel. They should participate in a three day training course designed to familiarize participants with: (i) checklists and screening criteria included in the VIP-2 Operational Manual for identifying potential project impacts; (ii) the content of environmental management plans that may be required of some project types; (iii) the content of environmental monitoring plans that may be required for some project types and the responsibilities of the VIP-2, SAEPF and other agencies in seeing that monitoring is carried out to acceptable standards. The course should be designed in a seminar/workshop format with a one day field trip to observe practical examples of impacts of activities such as those anticipated to be financed under VIP-2 sub-projects and mitigation measures that are being employed. Component 3: The target audience is members of LICs, and from those oblasts where such SAEPF initiated programs exist, “public environmental inspectors”. Training workshops should be carried out at oblast level bringing together at least one member from each LIC and public environmental inspectors from the Aiyl okmotu where the VIP-2 expects to establish a program during the initial phase of the VIP-2. Course participation should include state environmental inspectors from SAEPF who are posted in the raion administrations where project activities are planned to assist in developing a common knowledge base and practical working experience between the statutory regulatory authorities (raion-based inspectors) and the LIC members. The training should consist of a 2-3 day seminar/workshop with a one day field trip to observe local environmental problems similar to those that might be anticipated in unmitigated VIP-2 sub-projects. The training course would include: (i) checklists for project environmental screening; (ii) examples of best practices to be incorporated in representative types of projects to mitigate impacts; (iii) examples of ineligible projects due to high environmental impacts or mitigation costs; (iv) examples of environmental management plans for project types anticipated locally, and; (v) monitoring plans. Appendix ADirectory: curated curated -> Concept stage curated -> Concept stage curated -> Republic of Côte d'Ivoire Urbanization Review curated -> Report No: aus11011 Central America curated -> Report No. 94474-pk fiscal Disaster Risk Assessment Options for Consideration curated -> Environmental and Social Management Framework for the Costa Rica Telecommunications Sector Modernization Project curated -> Environment Impact Assessment For Jiangxi Shangrao Sanqingshan Airport Beijing Guohuantiandi Environmental Technology Development Center. Ltd. Oct. 2012 Content curated -> Growth through Innovation An Industrial Strategy for Shanghai By Shahid Yusuf Kaoru Nabeshima April 22nd, 2009 curated -> Report No: 70178. People's Republic of China Download 1.03 Mb. Share with your friends:
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