Federative Republic of Brazil National Road Safety Capacity Review

2.4Review Methodology

The Review is based on:

Analysis of existing Road Safety data, including documents, forms, and systems employed in Road Safety record keeping and management;

Extensive interviews of key Road Safety stakeholders at federal, state and municipal levels, members of parliament, NGOs, and the private sector;

Written answers to a brief questionnaire by additional stakeholders;

Direct inspection of roads and on-road behaviors in many states of Brazil;

Analysis of published research and reports on Road Safety in Brazil and in various states.

It includes information and understanding gained from previous reviews of the states of São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, and Bahia as well as the national review. Additional information gathering and Road Safety safe systems promotional processes included:

Informal and formal review of roads, speed limits, and roadside infrastructure were undertaken by Soames Job as part of this review, previous reviews, and travel in Brazil, including reviews of many capital cities, many smaller cities, and villages, federal and state highways, rural, remote rural roads, and remote unpaved roads in many states: Amazonia, Bahia, Ceará, Goiás, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, São Paulo, Santa Catarina, Tocantins, and the Federal District;

Small scale observational surveys in many suburbs of the above cities, villages, highways and rural roads to gain impressions of: (i) seat belt and child restraint usage rates; (ii) motorcycle helmet wearing rates, and; (iii) bicycle helmet wearing rates;

Reviews of travel speeds on the above roads, and formal speed surveys.

1.3.ROAD SAFETY SITUATION IN BRAZIL

3.1Background and National Situation

Brazil has a national Road Safety strategy for 2004-2014¹⁷, but interviews carried out as part of this Review revealed that this strategy is little known and little used. No Road Safety stakeholder in Brasilia (or in other previous Reviews, in Rio Grande do Sul or Sao Paulo or Bahia) referred to it, unless explicitly asked by the Review team.

Globally, national trends since the early 2000s for rapidly increasing motorization, especially by motorcycle, are correlated to the increasing road trauma. In this context, and as detailed below, 2013 appears to be an exception, with a reduction of the number of deaths between 2012 and 2013. Looking ahead, it will be interesting to monitor whether 2013 was an exception in a globally increasing trend, or the beginning of an improvement of Brazil’s Road Safety outcome.

3.2Institutional Context

Federal Level

The Ministry of Cities hosts the national traffic department (DENATRAN – Departamento Nacional de Trânsito). In the current organization, this department would the primary entity in charge of Road Safety, being responsible, among others, for the Brazilian Traffic Code (Codigo de Trânsito Brasileiro). In spite of CTB, Its Road Safety specific role is actually quite limited, intervening mainly though ad-hoc education and communication campaigns.

The Ministry of Transport is responsible for the feral road and highways. The National department for transport infrastructure (DNIT – Departamaneto Nacional de Infraestrutura de Transportes) is the agency, reporting to the ministry of transports, in charge of managing the federal highway network. As such, DNIT is a key element of Road Safety in Brazil. While its focus has been mainly (and still is) on the infrastructure condition, DNIT has recently turned to traffic management and Road Safety. In particular, DNIT has implemented, for a couple of years the “BR Legal” program, aiming at safer roads.

The Ministry of Justice responsibility is primarily of traffic law enforcement, through the federal highway police (Policia Rodoviaria Federal – PRF), covering federal highways and, under some condition, some State highways.

Finally, the Ministry of Health is responsible for the post-crash response. This ministry also manages the database, officially used to assess Road Safety outcomes.

CONTRAN (Conselho Nacional de Trânsito) is a federal committee assisting in coordinating transport and traffic-related issues, a priori including Road Safety. DENATRAN’s Director heads this Committee, which is comprised of representatives from the following ministries: cities, justice, transport (including its land transport regulation agency), defense, education, health, science technology and innovation, environment, development, industry and trade.

Subnational Level

A transport department (DETRAN – Departamento de Transito), which may be attached to different entities, depending on the State (e.g.: Secretaria de governo, Secretaria de Administracao). The primary responsibility of these DETRANs is to enforce the Brazilian Traffic Code (CTB). This include, among others: vehicles and drivers licensing.

An infrastructure secretariat, with primary responsibility on roads and highways;

A public security secretariat, undertaking the enforcement responsibilities, relying on state police.

A health secretariat, in charge of health issues at the State level, including – depending on the State considered - emergency services coordination, or a fraction thereof.

At municipal level, similar organizations are found, with a highly variable capacity depending on the size of the municipality. The many municipalities in Brazil, often with low capacity in remote areas, compound Road Safety management challenges.

Non-governmental Road Safety organizations

Overall, Non-Governmental Organizations promoting Road Safety are seldom in Brazil. While some states have active Road Safety NGOs, in other states, the only active NGOs for Road Safety are funded by Government and, thus, limited in their demands for Road Safety. Examples of active and valuable advocacy is occurring include the National Observatory (Observatorio Nacional de Seguranca Viaria), the Kidsafe program, the Brazilian Association of Traffic Accident Prevention.

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