Sports Topic---Wave 1---Patriot Brief 2014
Sports Topic---Wave 1---Patriot Brief 2014 1
*** Definitions 2
On Balance 3
Professional Sports Organization (PSO) 4
Public Subsidies 5
*** Con 6
Subsidies BAD --- Economy 7
Subsidies BAD --- Economy --- Framing 14
Subsidies BAD --- Economy --- A2: Teams Will Relocate 15
Subsidies BAD --- Budget --- Expensive 16
Subsidies BAD --- Budget --- Trade-Off 20
Subsidies BAD --- Sports Diplomacy 21
Subsidies BAD --- Urban Sprawl BAD 22
Subsidies BAD --- Urban Sprawl BAD 23
*** Pro 25
Subsidies GOOD --- Economy 26
Subsidies GOOD --- Public Engagement 30
Subsidies GOOD --- Sports Diplomacy 31
Subsidies GOOD --- Urban Sprawl GOOD 32
Resolved: On balance, public subsidies for professional athletic organizations in the United States benefit their local communities.
*** Definitions On Balance Definition of “on balance”
Cambridge Dictionary
(http://books.google.com/books?id=pqlRO2jdI2gC&pg=PA66&lpg=PA66&dq=%22after+considering+the+power+or+influence+of+both+sides+of+a+question%22&source=bl&ots=zGRKCl0XaU&sig=a19rdN82dbLQOuLgPA5fJDlfQFQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ngq7U5n5CNWuyATRz4CIBw&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22after%20considering%20the%20power%20or%20influence%20of%20both%20sides%20of%20a%20question%22&f=false)
“On balance” : after considering the power or influence of both sides of a question (Cambridge)
Professional Sports Organization (PSO) The government definition of a professional sports organization
US Code 3701
(USCS 3701 Article 3 Title 28 Judiciary and Judicial Procedure: Part 6. Particular Proceedings: Chapter 178. Professional and Amateur Sports Protection)
a professional sports organization is
(A) a person or governmental entity that sponsors, organizes, schedules, or conducts a competitive game in which one or more professional athletes participate, or
(B) a league or association of persons or governmental entities described in subparagraph (A). above
Sports organizations are directly involved in the sports industry --- have explicit boundaries to separate members and non-members
Slack, Parent, associate professor in sports management, 2005
(Trevor, Milena, “Understanding Sports Organizations- 2nd Edition: The Application of Organization Theory”, Google Books, JMM)
- people/groups of people interact together who are directly involved in one or more aspects of the sport industry, such as the production of sport-related goods. Sports organizations have a goal directed purpose, and its members are structured in a certain way so as to complete activities and achieve that goal. Organizations also have an identifiable boundary between members and nonmembers, usually a contract with members in which they receive money for their involvement.
Public Subsidies Public subsidy is a provision of economic value given to a private entity for public benefits --- the provider can’t receive goods or services in return
Brownstein, has a Masters in Political Science from Stanford, 2007
(Bob, “Public Subsidies Definition”, 7-06-14, http://www3.sanjoseca.gov/clerk/TaskForce/SRTF/pdf/051707/Revised%20Pu-blic%20Subsidy%20Defintion_Brownstein_5_9_07.pdf, NV)
“A public subsidy is a provision of economic value by the City or the RDA to a private entity for purposes beneficial to the public, such as the operation of a business or event within San Jose, but for which the City or RDA do not directly or indirectly receive goods or services in return for that expenditure
Public subsidies are given for the purpose of poverty reduction
Wodon and Angel-Urdinola, an adviser in the World Bank's education department and senior economist in the Human Development Department, 2006
(Quentin and Diego F, “Do Utility Subsidies Reach the Poor?”, 7-06-14, http://siteresources.worldba-nk.org/INTISPMA/Resources/Training-Events-and-Materials/UtilitySubsidies.pdf, NV)
Given the budget constraints faced by many governments a good targeting performance of public subsidies (whether in cash or in kind) is important for the reduction of poverty.
Public subsidies are cash payments or tax benefits to remove a burden
Jalota, Claremont McKenna College, 13
Annie Jalota, “India: Subsidy State or Developmental State?” 7-7-14, http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1615&context=cmc_theses, AM)
Public subsidies- A benefit given by the government to groups or individuals usually in the form of a cash payment or tax reduction in an effort to reduce poverty. The subsidy is usually given to remove some type of burden and is often considered to be in the interest of the public.
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