1ac heg Advantage Scenario 1 is Leadership
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Colonization ModuleNASA looking to buy tech from private companies including a lunar vehicle Warwick 04- Graham, Aerospace and technology journalist Graham Warwick, winner of the 2002 AJOYA Decade of Excellence Award in 2002 and most recently a director of Flight International's coverage of the Americas has 30 years of industry experience at Flight International, September 14, 2004, “Agencies seek commercial input; NASA and ESA want to obtain innovative technologies from small private-sector companies and entrepreneurs” Flight International News; Spaceflight; Pg. 27 http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2004/09/14/187391/agencies-seek-commercial-input.html Space organisations are moving to engage entrepreneurial and non-traditional companies in a bid to gain access to innovative commercial technologies. NASA plans to create a venture-capital fund to sponsor new technologies, while the European Space Agency has launched an initiative aimed at fostering the participation of smaller companies in space technology programmes. NASA's Mercury Fund plans to join with established private-sector venture capital firms to invest in young, privately held companies working on nanotechnology, robotics, intelligent systems and high-speed networks. The concept is similar to the US Central Intelligence Agency's government-backed venture capital fund, In-Q-Tel, which has taken strategic stakes in some 67 firms since being created in 1999. ESA, meanwhile, has issued an invitation to tender aimed specifically at small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), particularly those not yet involved in space programmes. The agency is looking for innovations by companies active in fields other than space that can be used in renewing its technology base. Under the Leading Edge Technology for SMEs programme, smaller firms will carry out feasibility studies or preliminary validations to demonstrate application of their technologies to space programmes. ESA has invited proposals in areas including design and engineering tools, inflatable structures, small electric thrusters and "green" rocket engines. ESA plans to award multiple 18-month, [euro]50,000--200,000 ($60,000--$240,000) contracts. Under pressure to give the private sector a role in its space exploration programme, NASA has included several smaller companies among those awarded contracts to study preliminary concepts for human lunar missions. One of these, Transformational Space (t/Space), is proposing that private industry builds and owns the lunar infrastructure and NASA buys services to support its explorers. The t/Space team includes Scaled Composites, developer of the SpaceShipOne private-venture suborbital vehicle, and AirLaunch, which is designing a low-cost, air-dropped Quickreach launch vehicle. The two companies will collaborate on designing a crew exploration vehicle that can be developed affordably by private industry. Another team member is Constellation Services International, which is developing the LEO Express concept for low-cost cargo resupply and satellite servicing. (terminal impact) UniquenessPrivate sector is necessary- NASA funding chopped Amos 3-8-11 – Jonathan Amos, Science correspondent, BBC News, “Difficult decisions ahead on Mars,” http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-12676289 The joint Mars exploration envisioned by the US and Europe is set for an overhaul, following an announcement by the Americans that their part of the budget is critically short of funds. Nasa and Esa had agreed to send two rovers to the Red Planet in 2018. In Europe's case, this vehicle is already designed and about to be built. But a new report from the US National Research Council says the probable $3.5bn (£2.2bn) cost of the American side of the mission is $1bn too high. The "planetary decadal survey" - which is only an advisory document at this stage - recommends the effort be scaled back or postponed indefinitely. Money is critical- need to make tech cheaper Sauser 6-29-11 – Brittany Sauser, Technology Review published by MIT, “Private Space Industry Works to Replace the Shuttle,” http://www.technologyreview.com/blog/deltav/tags/commercial+space/ NASA has released the first edition of its new bi-monthy newsletter that focuses on "happenings" in the agency's commercial spaceflight development program. The first newsletter is devoted to the progress made in the commercial crew development program, which recently awarded four companies money to develop spacecraft that can carry astronauts to space. The progress made by these companies--SpaceX, Boeing, Blue Origin, and Sierra Nevada Corporation--is small. But with the space shuttle's final mission scheduled for July 8, the pressure is on for these companies to work quickly and efficiently to meet their goals. "The space shuttle's retirement gives commercial companies more incentive to push the development of their systems," says Craig Steidle, the president of the Commercial Spaceflight Federation. "They are excited about what's coming up, but the pressure is getting financial support, to make sure we have the money to allow them to do spaceflight demonstrations." Space solves economy- innovation Wu 7-8-11 – David Wu, Representative Democrat- Oregon, “Pursuing the next giant leap in space exploration,” http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/technology/170401-pursuing-the-next-giant-leap-in-space-exploration- In a time of growing debt, people question the value of taxpayer funded federal research. I passionately believe that federal investment in research and development grows our economy, creates jobs and shrinks the federal deficit. Economists say that between 65 and 90 percent of growth in U.S. per-capita income stems from innovation, defined broadly as new products, processes and business models. But we face increased international competition from countries that are investing more in science, technology and education than we are. If we are to once again have a stable economy, we must rededicate ourselves to the investments that make us strong: small business, education, and research and development. Research and development at NASA have resulted in an array of successful products and technologies that touch our daily lives, including heart rate monitors, wireless headsets, and water purification systems. In short, NASA's space program has helped our country become an economic powerhouse. NASA can’t get to Mars- programs failing Zimmerman 11 – Robert Zimmerman, http://behindtheblack.com/behind-the-black/essays-and-commentaries/bad-news-for-nasa-good-news-for-private-space Earlier this week NASA submitted a report to Congress reviewing the design and construction status of the heavy-lift rocket and manned capsule that Congress has required them to build and launch by 2016. NASA’s conclusion: the space agency doesn’t think it can do the job in the schedule or budget that Congress has provided. NASA does not believe this goal is achievable based on a combination of the current funding profile estimate, traditional approaches to acquisitions and currently considered vehicle architectures. . . . We will not commit to a date that has a low probability of being achieved. NASA’s conclusions here are not surprising. The agency had been having trouble building Constellation on the much bigger budget and longer schedule given to them by past Congresses. For them to build the-program-formerly-called-Constellation for less money and in less time is probably impossible. Need new technology development to go to mars http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2010/02/s-colonizing-space-an-imperative-obamas-new-space-strategy-says-yes-lays-groundwork-for-human-space-.html Obama is sensibly ceding space flight development to the private sector, with new ventures such as SpaceX who will be will be ferrying astronauts to the ISS, and other aerospace companies who are very close to launching humans into orbit. So the government would be partnering with private industry to send astronauts to space. Buzz Aldrin, often an outspoken critic of the space program, said: "I also believe the steps we will be taking following the President's direction will best position NASA and other space agencies to send humans to Mars and other exciting destinations as quickly as possible. To do that, we will need to support many types of game-changing technologies NASA and its partners will be developing." Private sector would cost much less- AT Spending Rees 09 [Martin Rees, astrophysicist and cosmologist at Cambridge University, Astronomer Royal, former President of the Royal Society, Master of Trinity College, 22 July 2009, “Our next giant leap will need private backing,” The Times, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/guest_contributors/article6722405.ece] Any of these motives could drive the first travellers to Mars, or the first long-term denizens of a lunar base. Manned spaceflight could be a lot cheaper if it were not state-funded or a multinational programme, but bankrolled privately. There have long been maverick dreamers with schemes for space exploits. Such enthusiasts now include wealthy people with genuine commercial and technical savvy. Companies funded by Jeff Bezos, of Amazon, and Elon Musk, the founder of PayPal, are developing new rockets. The recent “Google prize” to launch a robotic lunar lander is engaging many ingenious inventors, and leveraging far more money than the prize itself. Potential sponsors with an eye on posterity might note that Queen Isabella is now remembered primarily for her support of Columbus. If humans venture back to the Moon and beyond, they may carry commercial insignia rather than national flags. Perhaps future space probes will be plastered in logos, as Formula One racers are now. Perhaps “robo-wars” in space will be a lucrative spectator sport. Perhaps pioneer settlers in space communities will live (and even die) in front of a worldwide audience — the ultimate in “reality TV”. One plausible scenario would involve a permanently manned lunar base, pioneers on Mars, and perhaps small artificial habitats cruising the solar system, attaching themselves to asteroids or comets. First exploration mission leads to more http://www.permanent.com/ep-a-v-l.htm A first mission, with the proper public relations effort, would surely mobilize public attention, including capital from the world's biggest movers and shapers. The current barriers are publicity of the concepts (which this book deals with) and the psychological barrier ("Is this for real?" -- but forget the die-hard skeptics -- cynics never have found a way to make a difference in making history). A first mission, however modest, would open the floodgates to investment and competition - a "space race" between private companies, and the owner of the first mission would have a huge lead on the competition as well as be in a strong position to sell to the competition. What better game plan is there? US must remain at the leader in space exploration http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/technology/170465-new-launch-systems-hold-potential-for-space-exploration NASA has been enormously successful in pursuing human space exploration. NASA technology and spin-offs have made America and the world a better place to live. Artificial hearts, life-saving defibrillators, cell phones, lasers, GPS systems, air purifiers and countless other NASA technologies shape our daily lives. NASA has not only led America to explore the depths of outer space, it has altered our individual space and brought us to a greater understanding of our world, our communities and ourselves. On Friday, the last of the shuttles, Atlantis, made its final voyage into space. The end of the space shuttle era is a bittersweet moment. It has been the star in America’s space program for three decades, giving us the Hubble telescope and the International Space Station. It has established American preeminence and enabled us to do what no other nation could.
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