Chapter-1 Introduction



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Pilot Study-


A pilot study was undertaken prior to the start of the research, to assess the validity and the meaning of questions in the structured questionnaire. Keeping in the view of the difficulties faced by the respondents the questionnaire was modified and improved. In all the cases the researcher administered the questionnaire himself. There was face-to-face conversation between the researcher and respondent wherever needed or possible.

Research Instruments-


As the questionnaire was the research instrument while planning the study care has been taken that the question should not also be relevant but also be understandable to the respondent. Leading and loaded questions are avoided while designing the questionnaire so that the respondents do not feel embarrassed in filling the questionnaire.

Limitations-


Every research has its limitations. The result of survey cannot be judged universally true like the result of research work pertaining to natural science. Present study is also not an exception to it. The present study suffers from the following limitations-

  1. The major constraint faced in pursuing the research was the limitation of time and money due to which the secondary data influenced the findings and suggestions of the study.

  2. The major problem faced by the researcher during the field visits for the collection of data was that the informants do not have proper knowledge and adequate experience about the specialized field.

  3. Collection of data was a challenge in itself owing to the busy schedule of the villagers, especially of the women of the labour class who used to come back from the fields after the sunset.

  4. The publications of various institutions and even of the national bank had provided contradictory data.

  5. The clear cut assessment of the performance of various schemes could not make due to unclear and incomplete information in the publications of the national bank. Moreover all the developmental and promotional initiatives have not been included in each yearly publication.

  6. There is a lack of clear cut demarcation among the schemes of the NABARD. Many of its schemes are working for development of all the sectors related to the rural development.

  7. Outcome of every developmental activity/ scheme is not quantifiable.

Despite of the above limitations the researcher had made every possible effort to collect the latest information and to make best use of the data available to make the study purposeful. Every possible effort was made to find out the attitude/ perception in various areas in an objective manner.

Importance of study-


The conclusions as well as the limitations of this study also bring forth some fruitful and interesting possible avenues for future research that might be needed in relation to the theme of the study. It is the hope of researcher that the concise and compressed volume and the findings of the study will prove useful for the students of universities and colleges; students and the research workers keen about rural development, NABARD and Non Farm Sector; and also for those who are in general engaged in the promotion of non-farm activities for the rural development. The following points express the importance of this research:

  1. It will be helpful for implementation and evaluation of the rural development schemes of the Central Government and the State Governments.

  2. The research is required for searching the basis of making the non-farm strategic schemes more effective and more efficient.

  3. The research will be helpful for the Uttarakhand Government in assessing the potentials of the state and its future prospects also.

  4. To suggest the measures for removal of the major bottlenecks of non-farm sector so that the whole economy could be benefitted.

  5. For forecasting the necessary infrastructure for the development of rural industries.

  6. To fulfill the requirement of research and study in innovative basis and in innovative direction removing the complexities, disparities and mal adjustment in rural development schemes.

This research has paved the way for further researches also on the other sectors (farm sector, micro finance sector, financial inclusion etc) and the role of the national bank in economic development of other states. The utility of the findings and the conclusions of the study is the only way that the labour of the researcher would be amply rewarded.
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Chapter-3


NABARD: Its profile

Being an agrarian country, agriculture plays a crucial role in the development of Indian economy and the farm credit is an essence for boosting this sector. Recognizing this fact, the Government of India and the RBI have played a vital role in creating a broad-based institutional framework for catering to the increasing credit requirements of the sector. They have been the key facilitators in increasing the credit flow to this sector. RBI was established in 1935 inter alia, with a mandate to set up a special Agricultural Credit Department (ACD) with expert staff to initiate different measures to develop rural credit structure and to provide guidance to State Governments and Cooperative Credit Structure. After that Agricultural Refinance Corporation (ARC) was established in 1963 to support investment credit needs for agricultural development. Consequent to undertaking of development and promotional functions, ARC was renamed as Agricultural Refinance and Development Corporation (ARDC) in 1972.

RBI, at the instance of Indian Government appointed a Committee under the Chairmanship of Shri B. Sivaraman, the former member of Planning Commission, to Review Arrangements for Institutional Credit for Agriculture and Rural Development (CRAFICARD) in 1979 which concluded that a new arrangement at national level would be necessary for achieving the desired focuses and thrust integration of credit activities in the context of the strategy for IRD.

Against the backdrop of the massive credit needs of rural development and the need to uplift the weaker sections in the rural areas within a given time horizon CRAFICARD called for a separate institutional set-up. NABARD was result of these conclusions and it proved to be a milestone in the history of rural banking. It fulfilled the aspirations of rural people and translated the recommendations made by several committees regarding the establishment of a separate national bank to accelerate the process of development of agriculture, rural industries and allied activities.




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