Gonzaga Debate Institute 2011 Mercury China Coop Aff
Download 0.99 Mb.
|
- Navigate this page:
- Inherency – No Coop Now
1AC – Solvency DraftContention ___ - Solvency China will say yes – Official Chinese announcements prove Hoffman, Daily Tech, 7 (Michael, staff editor at Daily Tech, Daily Tech, “China wants to join International Space Station Project”, 10/16/7, http://www.dailytech.com/article.aspx?newsid=9290, accessed 6/30/11, CW) Chinese space officials today announced the country is still willing to work alongside the United States on extraterrestrial endeavors, especially the International Space Station. "We sincerely hope to conduct cooperation with the United States in the field of space," said Li Xueyong, Vice Minister of Space and Technology. "At some point we hope to take part in the activities relating to international space stations." Sixteen nations are currently involved in the ISS project, but China is not one of them even though the country has one of the fastest growing space programs in the world. China would ultimately like to have an astronaut stationed on the ISS in the future, but must convince the United States and other partners to allow a communist nation to be allowed to participate in the project. Li did not clearly specify how China hopes to help the participating nations work on the ISS. State media in China reported the country plans to launch its first lunar probe before November, only weeks after Japan launched one into orbit. In 2003, China became the third nation to successfully launch an astronaut into orbit with no help from other nations. There is growing concern over the country's expanding space program, which reached a new level after China announced it had destroyed an old satellite last January by shooting a land-based missile to destroy it. Critics of the launch claim China could theoretically launch a missile to destroy active military satellites, though Chinese officials still claim the nation has only peaceful plans for space. ISS cooperation is the only way to solve – increases transparency and solves relations Houpt, Master of Arts, Security Studies, Georgetown University, 2011 (Daniel M., “Does China have a comprehensive, coordinated, and consistent space policy? Implications for U.S. policymakers,” ProQuest, accessed 7/1/11, p. 58-59) EK Finally, the U.S. could be more accommodating to Chinese participation in cooperative international ventures, the most prominent example being the International Space Station (ISS). Given China’s thirst for prestige, the Chinese government would likely be eager to cooperate and may even be willing to increase transparency or engage in military space discussions in return for becoming a member of the ISS. For the U.S., the ISS would serve as a medium to cooperate with China in what is essentially neutral territory and in an international setting whereby mutual suspicions may be tempered. If for nothing else, the idea of a Chinese and American astronaut working in tandem onboard the ISS may give a renewed public desire for space cooperation. Part of the resistance to this move so far has, among other things, been fears of exposing China to new and advanced space technology. Yet, considering the U.S. is reducing its role in the ISS and will be relying solely on Russian spacecraft for transportation, valued U.S. space technology may not necessarily be at risk. There is in fact a relatively straightforward way to engage China in the ISS, while initially reducing the threat of technological espionage. In 2010, reports surfaced that the Russian Federal Space Agency had initiated discussions with their Chinese counterparts on using the Chinese Shenzhou vehicles as backups for the Russian Souyuz spacecraft, which will be the only means to ferry crews to the station moving forward. 173 Although the discussions amounted to nothing, the idea presented is a viable first step. By allowing China to shuttle international astronauts to the ISS in their own spacecraft, the fear of technology espionage would be greatly reduced, while still allowing China to gain prestige by being an official contributor. This could provide a gateway to expanded cooperation if deemed beneficial and successful. The support of other international partners would need to be sought, which may be challenging for countries like Japan given political animosities, yet Russia is already a close space partner with China and the E.U. has expressed their willingness to invite China in as an ISS contributor. 174 Pursuing this path would likely resonate well with China’s leadership because it is a clear sign that the U.S. is not trying to prevent or complicate China’s rise as a spacefaring nation and is willing to initiate actions to build communication and trust. *** Inherency Inherency – No Coop NowNo plans in the status quo to cooperate with China over space activities Ressler, U.S. Air Force Major, 9 (Aaron R., Advancing Sino-U.S. Space Cooperation, April 2009, p. 4-5, http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA539619, accessed 6/29/11) EK The idea here is gaining a partner versus a competitor. Despite improvement in diplomatic and economic relationships between the U.S. and China, there has been very little initiative from the U.S. in entering into cooperative efforts with China in space activities. In fact,it was reported by Michael Griffin, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) current administrator, that the Bush administration failed to approve an “overture to China for a cooperative U.S.-China space mission” in late 2008.26 Opening the doors toward increased cooperation with China in the space endeavor could present some attractive benefits. First and foremost, communication would improve between the two countries on space matters which would be essential in ultimately preventing further uncoordinated direct-ascent ASAT type activities. Currently, there is essentially no dialogue between the U.S. and China regarding military space issues.27 Another advantage of space cooperation is cost. The U.S. and China share similar goals, like returning to the Moon and eventually pursuing a manned mission to Mars. Space is expensive, so why not share resources and capabilities in the pursuit of such activities? NASA and China have no plans to cooperate- China is building their own space station New Scientist ‘10 (11/6/2010, New Scientist, 02624079, 11/6/2010, Vol. 208, Issue 2785 “Stuff the ISS” EBSCO host 7/1/11 BLG) UNDAUNTED by NASA's cool response to its interest in the International Space Station, China is going it alone. It has announced plans to build its very own crewed space laboratory by 2020. The news comes hot on the heels of a visit to China by NASA administrator Charlie Bolden that failed to produce any plans for cooperation with the US in space. Some US lawmakers, including congressmen Frank Wolf and John Culberson, oppose forging closer space ties with China. Such critics question the intent of its space programme, which appears to be run by the military, and note the dual-use nature of much space technology. China, meanwhile, has been expanding its space capabilities, and, on 27 October, officially launched a project to develop a space station by 2020. The station will have research applications, including studying living conditions for astronauts, reports the Xinhua news agency. China's steady investments in human space flight "make it very clear they are going to be in space in terms of a human presence and are going to be there for a long time", says Dean Cheng, an analyst at the Heritage Foundation in Washington DC. China plans space station by 2020 The announcement comes hot on the heels of a visit by NASA administrator Charlie Bolden that failed to produce any plans for cooperation with the US in space Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. Objective files -> Pop Warner History files -> North Carolina Inclusion Initiative Mapping Where Children with ieps are Being Served Purpose files -> Fall 2013 Spring 2014 Program Data: Standard 1 Exhibit 4d files -> Hanban – asia society confucius classrooms network 2010 request for proposal files -> Northern England’s set-jetting locations Download 0.99 Mb. Share with your friends:
|