Consultation with NATO over African policy is key to redefine the alliance for survival in the 21st century – former commander James Jones agrees
Paul Ames, Associated Press Writer, 12-17-2005
“Top NATO commander urges growing role………………… having to rush to hotspots when they erupt.
Collapse of NATO causes superpower nuclear war
John O'Sullivan, editor of the National Review and founder of the New Atlantic, 6-1998 [American Spectator]
Some of those ideas--notably, dissolution………….. absence of the main guarantor of European stability.
Dip cap
Rice’s involvement is moving the political reconciliation forward. She is pushing the prime minister to make progress on the other reconciliation benchmarks
Hendawi 1/15/08 [HAMZA HENDAWI, “Rice Lauds Iraqi Reconciliation Efforts,” Associated Press, Jan 15, 2008, pg. http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5gkx-3oYeFwuWKCusr2jrojs98w8wD8U6EPLG3
Rice left Riyadh, the Saudi capital………………. oil and gas resources among the different sects.
Anderson & Grewell 01 - Senior fellow @ Hoover Institution & Research associate @ Political Economy Research Center [Terry L. Anderson and J. Bishop Grewell, “It Isn't Easy Being Green: Environmental Policy Implications for Foreign Policy, International Law, and Sovereignty,” Chicago Journal of International Law, Fall 2001, 2 Chi. J. Int'l L. 427]
Foreign policy is a bag of goods………………. resources, and ensuring access to foreign economies." n40
Aid to Africa spends capital
Sen FeinGold 3-28-06
We have long recognized the importance of Nigerian leadership………………….. before the Special Court to answer to the charges against him.
Intensive engagement is key to consolidate political gains. The alternative is an Iraqi slide into all-out civil war
Yates 1/24/08 [Dean Yates “INTERVIEW-U.S. envoy sees Iraq momentum on reconciliation,” 24 January 2008, 2:50:06 PM GMT, pg. Factiva]
BAGHDAD, Jan 24 (Reuters) - Reconciliation between Iraq's divided………… and job creation," he said. (Editing by Ibon Villelabeitia)
Success is key to successful US global engagement
Cordesman 07 – Military analyst and Iraq expert @ Center For Strategic And International Studies w/ 30 years experiece covering Iraq [Anthony Cordesman, “The Tenuous Case for Strategic Patience in Iraq: A Trip Report,” Center for Strategic and International Studies, Updated: August 6, 2007]
America's performance in Iraq has………………………. even more than on what it has done in the past. Pg. 3-4 //1NC
The impact is global wars
Kagan 07 – Senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace [Robert Kagan (Senior transatlantic fellow at the German Marshall Fund), “End of Dreams, Return of History,” Policy Review, August & September 2007, pg. http://www.hoover.org/publications/policyreview/8552512.html]
It is easy but also dangerous to underestimate………………… influence and global involvement will provide an easier path. // 1nc
Spending
Unique link-Bush fighting spending and will win- plan KO’s his plans
National Review 10-22-07
With a resolute President Bush vowing to veto nine of the twelve appropriations bills making their way through Congress, the White House eagerly anticipates a spending showdown that will unite and enthuse its dispirited supporters. The bloated bills exceed the
FOREIGN ASSISTANCE IS UNAFFORDABLE -- CRACKS THE BUDGET
Susan Rice, Senior Fellow in Foreign Policy Studies at the Brookings Institute, “Africa’s Strategic Importance to the US” Speech at Reed College, 3-20-2006 (http://www.aspr.ac.at/sak/SusanRice.pdf)
Discerning~and~disaggregating~this~dangerous~dynamic~is~essential~to~ grasping~the~national~security~rationale~for~far~greater~U.S.~action~to~reduce~
THIS SHOCKS THE ECONOMY
Patrice Hill, Washington Times, 4-23-2007
Congress will have to steer carefully to avoid a shock to the economy as it strives to balance the budget by allowing tax cuts to expire in the next few years,
NUKE WAR
Richard C. Cook, 6/14/07, Writer, Consultant, and Retired Federal Analyst – U.S. Treasury Department, "It's Official: The Crash of the U.S. Economy has begun," Global Research, http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=5964
Times of economic crisis produce international tension and politicians tend to go to war rather than face the economic music
Here are some more cards, though we may need to add a line into the CP about tax credits- basically they just say private better
Panama FTA
Increasing health assistance to Africa expends political capital
Terry Carroll, Colonel US Army, 2001, "Engagement or Marriage: The Case for an Expanded Military Medical Role in Africa," http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA390489, p. 7-8
Remarkably, at a time of prosperity……….particularly with regard to Africa.
PC Key to trade deals
Thomas McLarty, former Chief of Staff to President William J. Clinton 5-10-07 http://www.wilsoncenter.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=events.print&event_id=74155&stoplayout=true
Thomas McLarty, former Chief of Staff to……………… prosperity is clearly linked to effective trade.”
The FTA is key to- US Farming, economic growth, reducing poverty, promoting democracy, US leadership in Latin America, influence over the panama canal, and protecting the environment
US Fed News 9-12-05
The White House's Office of the U.S. Trade……………… overall growth and development of their nation.
Economic decline leads to nuclear war
Richard C. Cook, 6/14/07, Writer, Consultant, and Retired Federal Analyst – U.S. Treasury Department, "It's Official: The Crash of the U.S. Economy has begun," Global Research, [ http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=5964 ]http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=5964
Times of economic crisis produce international……………… debt any more, how about a few nukes?
Wiretapping Politics
Uniqueness and link dependent upon the round
Permanent warrantless wiretapping leaves the U.S. vulnerable to cyber attacks
Susan Landau, Distinguished Engineer at Sun Microsystems Laboratories, 8-9-07, The Washington Post
Current administration policy is replete with……… endangers U.S. national security for the long term.
Cyber attacks cause accidental nuclear war
Stephen Cimbala, professor of political science at the Pennsylvania State University Delaware County Campus, Summer 1999, Armed Forces & Society: An Interdisciplinary Journal
The nuclear shadow over the information…………. infowarriors and deterrers could have unfortunate byproducts.
.
Accidental launch causes global escalation and nuclear war
PR Newswire, 4-29-98
An 'accidental' nuclear attack would create a …………….war with billions of casualties worldwide.,
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