Tournament of Champions 2k8 Comprehensive Caselist
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- WALLACE
- Affirmative representations of Africa promote racist stereotypes that are a crucial cause of genocide SANKORE
- Our framework is that representations of Africa should be evaluated prior to policy desirability. The role of your ballot should be to act as a responsible educator.
- Cuomo
- Structural violence kills more than any war- our impact outweighs Dr. Robert C. Gilman, Ph.D.
- Text: The United States Federal Government should propose that it should…
- The counterplan is theoretically legitimate
- The net benefit is NATO Cohesion
Pace AL – NegativeAfrican Reps K Africa is a proxy- our subconscious colonial assumptions and fears are emptied into the Dark Continent. These representations create our policy making reality by establishing a discriminatory schema WALLACE, PHD STUDENT – ANTHROPOLOGY – OXFORD, 5 [JAMIE, “AMERICAN PERCEPTIONS OF AFRICA BASED ON MEDIA REPRESENTATIONS”, http://www.hollerafrica.com/showArticle.php?artId=101&catId=1] When we think of Africa, images of famine, poverty,……………… political power distribution in the world (Ebo 1992:17). Affirmative representations of Africa promote racist stereotypes that are a crucial cause of genocide SANKORE, EDITOR – INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF JOURNALISTS – AFRICA AND COORDINATOR – FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION AND ASSOCIATED RIGHTS IN AFRICA, 5 [ROTIMI, “The Pitfalls and Consequences of Development 'Pornography'”, http://www.bond.org.uk/networker/2005/april05/opinion.htm] Increasingly graphic depictions of poverty projected……………………… allow their people to freely define their future. Our framework is that representations of Africa should be evaluated prior to policy desirability. The role of your ballot should be to act as a responsible educator. Images are intimately tied to policy making- in order to create a better Africa policy we must first interrogate the 1AC’s representations Azzedine Layachi, The United States and North Africa: A Cognitive Approach to Foreign Policy, 1990 p. 181-3 In the area of foreign policy study, this research……………. enhanced predictive capacity. 8 Pos Peace K The affirmative represents peace as an absence of war, endorsing a worldview that manages outbreaks of violence from flashpoint to flashpoint. But this only a negative peace which perpetuates the vicious cycle of violence and militarism that has been endemic to the last century; in contrast, positive peace recognizes mutual relations of non-violence which breaks the deadlock of militarism by creating the possibility of structural change. Ha Poong Kim** Philosophy Department, Eastern Illinois University, USA Bulletin of Peace Proposals, Vol. 18, No. 1, 1987 Peace denotes a nonwarring condition………….. it is a relation humanity is fully capable of. Focus on war as an isolated event produces a politics of crises control that attempts to manage outbreaks of violence from flashpoint to flashpoint. This mode of being reproduces militarism and perpetuates the structural violence of “peacetime militarism” Chris Cuomo. Ph.D., 1992, University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Philosophy University of Cincinnati Hypatia Fall 1996.Vol.11, Iss. 4; pg. 30 In "Gender and `Postmodern' War," Robin Schott introduces…………… appears to be the inevitability of war and militarism.
THE HUMAN TENDENCY toward, and preparations for………… suffering it supports, it is by far our most serious flaw. The representations of the 1AC inculcate a norm of negative peace, we should work to foster a more pacific discourse that promotes positive peace and social justice. It’s not what they do it’s what they justify- vote negative to reject the affirmatives description of peace as the absence of war William C Gay. Ph.D. in Philosophy from Boston College, Prof. UNC, Peace Review, Dec 1998.Vol.10, Iss. 4; pg. 545-8 Many times the first step in reducing……………. whereby we overcome linguistic violence and social injustice.
This study begins with the premise that representation is ………………. the exercise of political, military, and economic power.
Text: The United States Federal Government should propose that it should…. … to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization for binding consultation. The United States Federal Government should support its proposal during consultation. The United States Federal Government should abide by the results of this consultation. We’ll clarify. The counterplan is theoretically legitimate – It’s not topical – the counterplan tests the word “resolved” which means “to make a firm decision about,” it also test the word “should” which is “used to imply obligation or duty” – counterplans that test the resolution are key to predictable negative ground. [American Heritage Dictionary at dictionary.com] Consultation counterplans are legitimate – conditioning the plan is the only way to preserve the option of solving the case which checks unpredictable 2ac add-ons and plan clarifications. This risk is compounded by the aff monopoly on pre-round prep and structural advantages in late developing debates. The net benefit is NATO Cohesion – NATO is in the midst of a transitional period, failure to consult genuinely before foreign policy decisions will undermine the alliancePhilip Gordon, Senior Fellow in Foreign Policy Studies at the Brookings Institution, June 24th, 2004 LETTER TO EUROPE, http://www.brookings.edu/views/articles/gordon/20040701.pdf. DEAR FRIENDS. How did it come to this? ……………. exempts us from obligations to the global community
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