1960’s Project ideas – a lot here and probably missed some (let me know  ) jfk: “New Frontier”

1960 Presidential Election—Youngest President ever “elected”

Harry Byrd’s [segregationist] winning electoral votes from Miss./Alabama/Oklahoma

Roman Catholicism speech 9/12/1960 in Houston, TX (1^st Catholic President)***

New Frontier speech—inaugural address*

LBJ VP

New Frontier Domestic Agenda

Jacqueline Kennedy’s role as first lady

“Flexible Response” Foreign Policy idea –Creation of “Navy Seals” 1961 –increased spending for “Green Berets’*****huge idea*******

Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara

Vienna Summit with NK 1961

Berlin Conflict –Trip-speech- Wall

Trade Expansion Act, 1962 –tariff cut by 50% to encourage trade with Europe

Speech May 5, 1960 on America’s conduct in the Cold War & Africa

Bay of Pigs Invasion-Disaster- TV speech to American people

Cuban Missile Crisis—TV Speech concerning Nuclear War—Red “Hot Line” put in white house to directly communicate with Soviet Leader***

Alliance for Progress—Latin America

1962 Security Alliance with Israel—1^st President to sell advanced weaponry to Israel

Peace Corp

Project Apollo (lands man on moon July 10,1969)*****huge****24 Billion$$ in cost

LBJ (VP) appointed head of US Space Council

Space Race Speech May 25, 1961 to Congress

Speech at Rice University 9/12/1962

9/63 speech to UN concerning cooperation between USSR & USA in Space

Support for CIA backed Coup in Iraq

Nuclear Test Ban Treaty with USSR 10/1963

Expansion of US Troops to South Vietnam 15,000 by 1963***

Support for South Vietnam—“Strategic Hamlet” program, 1962

Operation Ranch Hand—use of “Agent Orange” in Vietnam= environmental concerns?

Increased Military support—troops etc to South Vietnam

Cable # 243— Coup that kills Ngo Dinh Diem, Nov.1^st 1963

JFK’s plan to withdraw from Vietnam—just before his death (NSAM # 263 10/11/1963)

JFK’s Speech at American University June 10, 1963- ideas about World Peace**

1963 State of Union Speech---Tax Reduction pledge

Robert Kennedy as Attorney General –Televised hearings attacking the “Mafia”

Intervening in Steel Industry to control prices

Ending “Death Penalty” in D.C.

1^st State of Union Speech Jan. 1961—in support of Civil Rights

Freedom Riders, 1961

Executive Order# 10925- to begin “Affirmative Action” for all government contractors

President’s Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity

Voters Education Project—SNCC—MISS.

MLK –Birmingham Project v. Bull Connor (dogs, fire hoses, cattle prods all on TV)***

Federal Marshall’s sent to Oxford, Miss. to enroll James Meredith, 1962—riot on campus

Executive Order # 11063 – prohibiting racial discrimination in Federal Housing Projects

JFK v. Alabama Gov. George Wallace June 11,1963—

Famous Civil Rights Speech on National TV**June 11, 1963

Murder of Medgar Evers

Defeat of the Area Redevelopment Administration to combat poverty in Applachia

Created the Presidential Commission of the Status of Women, Dec. 1961

Equal Pay Act of 1963

March on Washington –famous for MLK jr.s speech—8/28/1963

9/15/1963 Bombing of the 16^th Street Baptist church in Birmingham, Alabama—4 children dead**2 other children shot to death

Civil Rights Act submitted to Congress (later approved in 1964****huge***)

J. Edgar Hoover and the FBI (with Robert Kennedy’s approval) begins to “wiretap” MLK and other members of the SCLC—lasted until 1968

Proposed what later (1965) becomes the “Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965****huge*** which shifts sources of immigration to USA from Europe to Asia and Latin America***end of “national origins quotas.”

Nov. 22^nd in Dallas, Texas – Lee Harvey Oswald –Jack Ruby—Warren Commission- Zapruder Film of event

“Eternal Flame” at Arlington National Cemetery—JFK’s Gravesite

Official White House Portrait – by Aaron Shikler

“Camelot” –Marilyn Monroe—questions of many Extra-Marital affairs---

Interview with Walter Cronkite –anchor of CBS Evening News (9/2/1963) America’s 1s nightly news broadcast

23^rd amendment

May 1961 -Freedom 7 carries Alan Shepard Astronaut to be 1^st American in space

Feb 1962 - John Glenn astronaut orbits the earth

Supreme Court Cases: Baker v. Carr, 1962 & Engel v. Vitale, 1962- Gideon V. Wainwright, 1963

Betty Friedan’s Book, “The Feminist Mystique,” is published Feb, 1963 beginning 2^nd wave Feminist Movement

SDS –Students for a Democratic Society---“The Port Huron Statement” @ 1^st convention, 1962

“Cointelpro”- COunter INTELligence PROgram- COVERT (SECRET) AT TIMES ILLEGAL, PROJECTS CONDUCTED BY THE USA aimed at discrediting, infiltrating, and disrupting DOMESTIC political organizations ---Project Minaret ( aimed at civil rights leaders, congressmen who opposed the Vietnam War, Journalists, athletes—using psychological warfare, false documents to discredit people, violence including assassination, to “protect national security and to maintain the existing social and political order.” Some of the Groups that were targeted by the CIA (illegal if domestic){ordered by LBJ and Nixon} and FBI:

American Indian Movement (AIM)-SDS-Antiwar activists- MLK- SCLC-SNCC-Black Panthers-Albert Einstein-Greenpeace-Muhammad Ali –Ella Baker-James Bevel-Sokely Carmichael- CORE-Jane Fonda-John Lennon-Malcolm X-Mario Savio-SCLC-SNCC-Weathermen- “Doves”

FBI & CIA operation in place from 1956 until 1971 {and still today—some say?}

When this is “found out” all hell breaks loose—“Credibility Gap” for sure

Sworn in as President on Air Force One after JFK’s death Nov. 22^nd 1963

Lee Harvey Oswald Shot by Jack Ruby, 11/24/1963

Clean Air Act, 12/1963

Speech to Congress –just after JFK’s death supporting Civil Rights Act (1964)

Creates/names Kennedy Space Center (Cape Canaveral, Florida)

Public Broadcasting Act, 1967

“Affirmative Action”

Post 1965 Change in Civil Rights Movement—not entirely “non-violent” Stokely Carmichael’s take over of SNCC—and slogan of “Black Power”***

24^th Amendment—abolishes the “Poll Tax” to vote

Beatles make first visit to USA, 1964

LBJ announces his Domestic Program---“THE GREAT SOCIETY” ****

Freedom Summer- Mississippi Summer Project begins, 1964 (SNCC, SCLC, CORE, NAACP) BOB MOSES

Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party—Fannie Lou Hamer***amazing speech at 1964 Democratic Convention—Freedom Schools

Mario Savio—“Berkley Free Speech Movement”

****Civil Rights Act, 1964***Title VII (a part that dealt with Women)

****Tonkin Gulf incident***and later resolution from Congress that begins “ESCALATION” IN VIETNAM---FROM 15,000 TO A MILLION+ US SOLDIERS—GAVE LBJ A BLANK CHECK---

Mississippi Burning---Murder of 3 civil rights workers –in Philadelphia, Mississippi***

Economic Opportunity Act, 1964---“WAR ON POVERTY”**** creates the “job corp & VISTA” as well as “HEAD-START” PROGRAM---FOOD STAMPS---POVERTY DECLINES IN AMERICA DURING LBJ’S TIME BY OVER 12% (HUGE)

Harlem Riots, 1964

Model Cities Program to rebuild

Gun Control Act of 1968—most significant ever passed in US History

LBJ’S SPEECH TO CONGRESS –when he supports civil rights stating, “We shall overcome,”

1964 speech at University of Michigan introducing his ideas of a “GREAT SOCIETY”

1964 Presidential Election---LBJ v. Barry Goldwater---Goldwater’s famous comment about “Extremism in the defense of Liberty is no vice…” –the FAMOUS –“Daisy” Atomic Bomb—LBJ campaign commercial---(maybe best ever )

1964 –MLK wins Nobel Peace Prize—youngest person ever to win

1965- Malcolm X is shot to death in NYC

“Revolution is bloody, revolution is hostile, revolution knows no compromise, revolution overturns and destroys everything that gets in its way. And you, sitting around here like a knot on the wall, saying, ‘I’m going to love these folks no matter how much they hate me.’ . . . Whoever heard of a revolution where they lock arms, . . . singing ‘We shall overcome?’ You don’t do that in a revolution. You don’t do any singing, you’re too busy swinging.”{Malcolm X - November, 1963}

1965 –Selma to Montgomery Marches ---“Bloody Sunday”

1965 –SDS & SNCC lead the 1^st March against Vietnam –Anti War demonstrations in DC

1965 –Social Security amendments—MEDICAIRE AND MEDICAID ESTABLISHED****

*****HUGE****VOTING RIGHTS ACT, 1965

1965—Watts Riots in LA***

May 1965 Televised Debate about Vietnam between McGeorge Bundy and Hans Morgenthau –on CBS reporter

1965 1^st “Teach-In” University of Michigan---Anti-War protest

Department of HUD established

Immigration Act of 1965—ending National Origins Formula---more immigrants from Asia and Latin America

Higher Education Act, 1965--- low cost loans to more College Students, $$$ to universities, scholarships, establishes National Teachers Corp

Elementary and Secondary Education Act, 1965 doubled federal spending on education from 4 billion to 8 billion**

Creation of the National Endowment for the Humanities and National Endowment for the Arts

Supreme Court Cases (still Warren as chief justice) : Miranda v. Arizona, 1966—Miranda Rights

Loving v. Virginia, 1967-court overruled laws preventing inter-racial marriage—Thurgood Marshall, 1^st African-American Supreme Court justice appointed by LBJ

1966- Militant African Americans form “Black Panther Party”

1966 SENATOR FULBRIGHT’S VIETNAM HEARINGS BEGIN (TV) OPPOSITION TO WAR ***

1966 – N.O.W. – national organization for women founded

National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act

Operation Cedar Falls, 1967, largest ground operation in Vietnam war—over ½ million troops

Super Bowl I, 1967

25^th Amendment—Presidential Succession established, 1967

2 simultaneous HUGE ANTI-VIETNAM WAR PROTESTS over ½ million march in NYC and SF

1967-Summer of Love in San Francisco—Haight-Ashbury district

1967- USA supports Israel in “6-day war.”

1967-ROBERT KENNEDY PUBLICLY SPEAKS OUT AGAINST VIETNAM WAR

1968 –communist N. Vietnamese “Tet Offensive”***huge** surprise attacks---US people begin to question our role in Vietnam after***PUBLIC HAS TURNED AGAINST LBJ IN VIETNAM*** “Hey, Hey, LBJ, how many kids did you kill today?”

counter-culture---“peace” sign--- Flower children, Hippies, --

“Hawks v. Doves”

FEB 1968 Walter Cronkite on the CBS Evening News becomes 1^st critic of LBJ’s policies in Vietnam

1968 My Lai Massacre

1968 – FCC under LBJ creates the National Emergency Phone # 911

CIA’s Phoenix Program in Vietnam

US General Westmoreland’s News Conferences

Ho Chi Minh Trail

Jane Fonda –travels to North Vietnam called a traitor

Bob Hope’s Celebrity USO Shows

Vietnam Veterans Against the War (org.)

4/4/1968—MLK killed in Memphis—GREAT SPEECH JUST BEFORE IN NYC***

4/4 – 5/29 MLK Assassination RIOTS---IN MANY CITIES ACROSS THE NATION (over 100 cities “Burn baby Burn”)

Draft dodgers go to Canada***

Civil Rights Act, 1968 –

Election of 1968---LBJ’s announcement to not run[“ THE CREDIBILITY GAP”****HUGE} for re-election due to Vietnam***

6/5/1968 ****Robert F. Kennedy assassinated in LA just after winning California Democratic Primary****by Sirhan Sirhan

1968 Democratic Convention Riots in Chicago

CCC-“Fortunate Son,” Marvin Gaye, “What’s Goin on,” Country Joe and the Fish, “I feel like Im fixin to Die,” Buffalo Springfield, “For What its Worth,”

“Silent Majority”***promise of “Peace with Honor” in Vietnam

National Security Advisor _-Henry Kissinger

Nixon’s Secret Bombing of Cambodia (Ho Chi Minh Trail) 1969

Nixon wins 1968 --- Gov. Wallace of Alabama[American Independent Party] runs a strong 3^rd Party race—

Shirley Chisolm – 1^st African American Woman EVER ELECTED TO CONGRESS FROM NY

1969 – “Stonewall Riots” in NYC –begins the Gay Liberation Movement in the USA

1969 –Chappaquiddick Incident---Teddy Kennedy car crash female passenger killed

1969 – Neil Armstrong’s famous quote as he “walks on the Moon”****

1969--- Famous Music Festival---“Woodstock” held in upper state NY

1969 –Nixon announces his “VIETNAMIZATION POLICY”***

1969 – “Sesame Street” premiers on PBS Television***

1969 –Largest “Anti-War” protest in history in DC over ½ million***

1969 – 1^st big withdrawal of troops from Vietnam announced by Nixon

1969 –DÉTENTE-NIXON—1^ST S.A.L.T. TALKS BEGIN (strategic Arms limitation talks)***

General

Postage stamp 6 cents

Average house in 1969 27, 900$

Color TV in early 60’s

“Don’t trust anyone over 30”

Rachel Carson’s Book—“Silent Spring” about the use of DDT begins a powerful Environmental movement 1962

1^st Artificial heart, 1963

Gloria Steinhem- (founder of NOW) writes “bunny” article about being sexually harassed and injustices of women

Surgeon General’s 1^st warning issued that “smoking is dangerous to your health”- 1963

1965 word Hippie used for 1^st time in San Francisco Newspaper

1966 Edward Brock is elected Senator from Massachusetts (1^st African American in 85 years)

1966 TV Show “Star Trek” Debuts

W.I.T.C.H. (Women’s Terrorist group from hell) protests at the Miss America Pageant in Atlantic City-they are led by super feminist Robin Morgan

1969 1^st e-mail message from UCLA to Stanford on the ARPANET

1969 Native Americans occupy Alcatraz Island to inspire the “Red” movement of Native American’s Civil Rights

1962 Cesar Chavez and Delores Huerta form the National Farm Workers Union (UFW)

1965- Delano Grape Strike led by UFW – March to Sacramento, 1966

1968 Olympics in Mexico City—Protests by Tommie Smith and John Carlos—giving the Black Gloved “Black Power Fist Salute” with heads bowed while on the Medal stand while the national anthem played***

1964 Wilderness Act –defines “wilderness” legally for the 1^st time in America—creating the Wilderness Preservation system and set aside 9 million acres of national forest wilderness

1964 Leonid Brezhnev becomes the new leader of the USSR

1968 Soviet invasion and destruction of the democratic revolution in Czechoslovakia

1969 Hurricane Camille (strongest hurricane ever recorded)

1960 – The “pill” (birth control)

1968 Led Zepplin is formed

Jimi Hendrix @ the 1967 Monterey Pop Festival

Films like 2001: A Space Odyssey

Dr. Zhivago

Dr. Strangelove

Easy Rider

Guess who’s coming to dinner

The Graduate

The Jungle Book

Mary Poppins

Sound of Music

The Pink Panther

The Manchurian Candidate

The Wild Bunch

TV Shows:

Twilight Zone

Star Trek

The Wonderful World of Disney

Batman

Gunsmoke

Gilligan’s Island

Mission:Impossible

I Dream of Jeannie

The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour

Alfred Hitchcock

Bikini swim wear 1963

The Frisbee is invented

Pop Art – Andy Warhol

Wilt Chamberlin – Mickey Mantle—Willy Mays