A reference for Designing Servers and Peripherals for the Microsoft® Windows® 2000 Server Family of Operating Systems Intel Corporation and Microsoft Corporation Publication Date—June 30, 2000

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Contents

Welcome v

Broadening of Coverage for Large Systems vi

Future Technology Directions vi

Legacy Reduction and Removal ix

How to Use This Guide x

Conventions Used in This Guide x

Conventional Terms x

Required vs. Recommended Features in This Guide xi

Requirements by Server Class and Operating System Product xii

References and Resources xiii

Hardware Design Guide Compliance and Testing Programs xiii

Information Resources and Technical References xiv

Acknowledgments xix

Chapter 1 Overview of Server Design Issues 1

Introduction to Design Issues 1

Server Classes and Operating System Editions 3

Designing Systems for Windows 2000 Server 4

ACPI and OnNow Design 5

IA-32 vs. IA-64 Design 6

ACPI 1.0b vs. ACPI 2.0 6

Boot and Firmware Support: BIOS vs. EFI 7

IA-32 vs. IA-64 Miscellaneous Design Issues 7

Chapter 2 System Component Requirements 8

General Component Requirements 9

System Microprocessor Requirements 9

Memory Requirements 11

ACPI and Power Management Requirements 13

Startup Support Requirements 19

Plug and Play Requirements 25

“Headless Server” Requirements 27

Other Requirements 31

Chapter 3 Bus and Device Requirements 33

I/O Bus Requirements 33

USB Requirements 43

Other Bus Requirements 45

Device Requirements 47

Chapter 4 Networking and Communications Requirements 55

Network Adapter Requirements 56

Connectionless Networking Requirements 62

Modem Requirements 64

Unimodem-supported Modem Requirements 65

ATM Adapter Requirements 69

ADSL Device Requirements 72

Cable Modem Requirements 74

ISDN Requirements 75

IrDA Communications Requirements 79

Wireless Networking Requirements 80

Chapter 5 Storage Device Requirements 82

Storage Device General Requirements 82

SCSI Controllers and Peripherals 86

ATA Controllers and Peripherals 89

Fibre Channel Controllers and Peripherals 92

Erasable Disk Drives 93

CD and DVD Drives 93

CD Drive Requirements 94

DVD Drive Requirements 95

Backup Devices 98

Media Changers 99

CD Changers 99

Tape and Optical Disk Changers 99

Chapter 6 Physical Design and Hardware Security Requirements 101

Physical Design Requirements 101

Hardware Security Requirements 104

Chapter 7 Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability Requirements 106

Backup and Reliability Requirements 106

Backup Hardware 106

Power Supply 106

Fault-Tolerant Hardware 108

Serviceability Requirements 109

High Availability Requirements 110

Manageability Baseline Requirements 112

General Manageability Baseline Requirements 112

Manageability Component Instrumentation Requirements 113

IA-32 Server Requirements Checklist 116

IA-64 Server Requirements Checklist 132

Glossary 148

Index 157

Welcome

Hardware Design Guide Version 3.0 for Windows 2000 Server is for engineers who build server systems, expansion cards, and peripheral devices that use the Microsoft® Windows® 2000 Server (and later) operating system.

This guide is co-authored by Intel Corporation and Microsoft Corporation. The requirements and recommendations in this guide indicate features that the hardware industry should consider in designing servers and peripherals for various price levels and performance levels.

This guide includes design guidelines for servers that will run any version of the Windows 2000 Server or later operating systems, including the next release of Windows, code-named Windows “Whistler.” These guidelines address the following design issues:

• 
  Features for basic commodity server design alternatives for small office/home office (SOHO) and Enterprise servers.
  
• 
  Requirements for implementing the OnNow design initiative, including those related to the Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) specification, Plug and Play device configuration, and power management in server systems.
  
• 
  Implementation of devices supported under Windows 2000 Server.
  
• 
  Manageability features that help to reduce total cost of ownership (TCO) under Windows 2000 Server by providing support for maximum automation of administrative tasks with centralized control and maximum flexibility.