Whap – Era 1 & 2 Packet

1. 
   How was Arabia transformed by the rise of Islam? (417)
   
2. 
   Why were Arabs able to build such a huge empire so quickly? (419)
   
3. 
   What accounts for the widespread conversion to Islam? (421)
   
4. 
   Describe how Persian traditions influenced Islam. (421)
   
5. 
   How did the rise of Islam change the lives of women? (425)
   
6. 
   Describe the spread of Islam to India. (428)
   
7. 
   Describe the spread of Islam to Anatolia. (430)
   
8. 
   Describe the spread of Islam to West Africa. (432)
   
9. 
   Describe the spread of Islam to Spain. (434)
   
10. 
    How did Islamic civilization contribute to ecological change? (439)
    
11. 
    What technologies diffused within the realm of Islam? (439)
    

Pg. 430: Sultanate of Delhi

Pg. 431: Ottoman Empire, Constantinople, Bursa

Pg. 432: Ghana, Mali, Songhay,Hausa States, Bornu, Extent of Islam by 1500, Trans-Saharan Trad

1. 
   Describe Ethiopian Christianity (468).
   
2. 
   What groups had been attacking Europe between c. 700-1,000? (480)
   
3. 
   How did climate change after 750? (480)
   
4. 
   How did more land become available? (480)
   
5. 
   What opportunities did the Christian Church offer to women? (483)
   
6. 
   What technologies were borrowed from other groups by Europeans? Who did they borrow them from? (490)
   
7. 
   Why was Europe unable to achieve the political unity that China experienced? What impact did this have on the subsequent history of Europe? (492)
   

Gregory of Tours- History of the Franks (Doc 10.1)

1. 
   According to Gregory, what led to the conversion of Clovis?
   
2. 
   What issues are evident in the religious discussions of Clovis and his wife, Clotilda?
   
3. 
   Notice how Gregory modeled his picture of Clovis on that of Constantine, the famous Roman emperor whose conversion to Christianity in the 4^th century gave official legitimacy and state support to the faith. What message did Gregory seek to convey in making this implied comparison?
   
4. 
   How might a modern secular historian use this document to help explain the spread of Christianity among the Franks?
   

1. 
   What can we learn here about the religious practices of the Anglo-Saxons from Bede’s account?
   
2. 
   In what specific ways did the pope urge toleration? Why did he advocate accommodation or compromise with existing religious practices? (Keep in mind that the political authorities in England at the time had not yet become thoroughly Christian.)
   
3. 
   What implications might Gregory’s policies have for the beliefs and practices of English converts?
   

1. 
   What does this document reveal about the kind of resistance that the Saxons mounted against their enforced conversion?
   
2. 
   How did Charlemagne seek to counteract that resistance?
   
3. 
   What does this document suggest about Charlemagne’s views of his duties as ruler?
   

1. 
   What practices of the Hessians conflicted with Boniface’s understanding of Christianity? How did he confront the persistence of these practices?
   

1. 
   How might Pope Gregory, Charlemagne, and Boniface have responded to the cures and preventions described in the Leechbook?
   
2. 
   What do these documents (10.4 and 10.5) reveal about the process of conversion to Christianity?
   

1. 
   What historical background is given (pg. 508) regarding this Icon?
   
2. 
   How does this image portray Jesus as an all-powerful ruler?
   
3. 
   Which features of this image suggest Christ’s humanity and which might portray his divinity?
   

Pg. 475: Carolingian Empire, Normandy, Papal States, Saxony, Umayyad Caliphate, Magyars

1. 
   In what was did pastoral societies differ from their agricultural counterparts? (514)
   
2. 
   In what ways did pastoral societies interact with their agricultural neighbors? (516)
   
3. 
   How did Mongol rule change China? (527)
   
4. 
   How were the Mongols changed by China? (527)
   
5. 
   How was Mongol rule in Persia different from that in China? (529)
   
6. 
   Describe the Russian experience of Mongol rule. (532)
   
7. 
   How did the Mongols encourage trade? (534)
   
8. 
   Why didn’t the Mongols expand into Western Europe? (536)
   

1. 
   What does the Secret History suggest about the nature of political authority and political relationships among the Mongols?
   
2. 
   What did Ogodei regard as his greatest achievements and his most notable mistakes?
   

1. 
   Why did Chinggis Khan seek a meeting with Changum?
   
2. 
   How did Chinggis Khan define his life’s work? What is his image of himself?
   
3. 
   How would you describe the tone of Chinggis Khan’s letter to Changchun? What does the letter suggest about Mongol attituutds toward the belief systems of conquered peoples?
   
4. 
   What core Mongol values do Doc 11.1 and 11.2 suggest?
   

1. 
   How did the Russian writer of the Chronicle account for what he saw as the disaster of the Mongol invasion?
   
2. 
   Beyond the conquest itself, what other aspects of Mongol rule offended the Russians?
   
3. 
   To what extent was the Mongol conquest of Russia also a clash of cultures?
   

1. 
   What does this letter suggest about Mongol attitudes to Chinese culture?
   
2. 
   What features of Menggu’s governorship did this Chinese author appreciate? In what ways did Menggu’s actions and behavior reflect Confucian values?
   
3. 
   What might inspire a highly educated Chinese scholar to compose such a flattering public tribute to a Mongol official?
   
4. 
   Why might historians be a bit skeptical about this document?
   

1. 
   What is “flagellation”?
   
2. 
   What is the significance of the Christ on the cross that precedes the flagellants?
   
3. 
   How might the flagellants have understood their own actions?
   
4. 
   Why do you think Church authorities generally opposed the flagellant movement?
   

1. 
   How does this visual source support or contradict the written accounts excerpted from Boccaccio?
   
2. 
   How does the scene differ from what an image of a proper Christian burial might contain?
   

1. 
   How is the status of each of the various living figures- (from left to right: the pope, the emperor, the empress) depicted?
   
2. 
   What does the white sheet around each of the death images represent?
   
3. 
   Notice that the living figures face outward toward the viewer rather than toward the entreating death figures on either side of them. What might this mean?
   
4. 
   In what ways does the portrayal of death pictured here reflect Christian views of death? In what ways does it challenge them?
   

1. 
   Why is the death figure smiling?
   
2. 
   How are the priest and the Christ figure depicted? What possible interpretations of their gestures can you imagine?