Lexicological aspects of translation. Methods and ways of translating various proper names


But: General Motors – “Дженерал Моторз”. It is much easier to translate the names of companies/ corporations when their product is indicated



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LEXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TRANSLATION MET
But: General Motors – “Дженерал Моторз”.

It is much easier to translate the names of companies/ corporations when their product is indicated:


British-American Tobacco Co. – об’єднана англо-американська компанія тютюнових виробів “Брітіш-амерікан тобеко компані”;

Coca-Cola Co. Inc. – об’єднана компанія по виробництву безалкогольних напоїв “Кока-кола компані інкорпорейтід”.


Ukrainian companies, firms and other state and private bodies performing the same or similar functions are translated according to the same rule: they are transliterated or transcribed and explicated at the same time:
Київська фірма “Світанок” – Kyiv Svitanok civil services firm;
Укргазпром – Ukrainian Ukrhazprom natural gas importing and extracting body;
Львівська взуттєва фірма “Прогрес” – Lviv Prohress footwear firm.
IV. Names of institutions bearing honorary names.
Special attention should be paid to the translation of the names of institutions, enterprises, geographical objects, etc., bearing honorary names.


!!! In English the honorary name precedes the enterprise/ body which bears it, whereas in Ukrainian/ Russian it always follows the name of the enterprise/ body:
Humboldt State College – Державний коледж ім. Гумбольдта;
George Washington Library – Бібліотека ім. Джорджа Вашингтона;
Lafayette/ Longfellow College – Коледж ім. Лафаєтта/ Лонгфелло;


But: Бібліотека ім. Котляревського – the Kotlyarevskyi library;
Національна бібліотека України ім. академіка Вернадського –
Ukrainian Academician Vernadskyi National Library.


Names of literary and scientific/ peace prizes are translated into Ukrainian in two ways:

  • with the preservation of the name which the prize bears or

  • with the transformation of the noun into a corresponding relative adjective.

E.g.: Nobel Prize – Нобелівська премія – премія імені Нобеля;
Pulitzer Prize – Пулітцерівська премія (премія імені Пулітцера);
Taras Shevchenko PrizeШевченківська премія (премія імені Тараса Шевченка);
Rylsky Translation Prize – перекладацька премія імені Рильського.
!! English honorary names, therefore, are mostly transformed into relative adjectives in Ukrainian, whereas Ukrainian relative adjectives must be translated, where possible, as corresponding English nouns.


This rule should also be observed when translating the names which contain the often used adjectiive державний. The latter, however, may sometimes be omitted in English, which should not be treated as a translator’s mistake. The thing is that belonging of important institutions to state property in all countries is considered self-evident. As a result, two faithful translations of this kind of names are possible:
Київська державна кіностудія ім. О.Довженка – Kyiv State Dovzhenko Film Studio;
Kyiv Dovzhenko Film Studio;
Львівський державний університет ім. Івана Франка – Lviv I.Franko State University;
Lviv I.Franko University.

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