Title: Influence of light flux on nitrogenase activity of the deepwater rice-field cyanobacterium (blue-green alga) Gloeotrichia pisum in field and laboratory
Journal: Microbios
Volume: 53
Issue: 214
Pages: 7-19
Accession Number: AN 1988:164527
Keywords: Gloeotrichia pisum (nitrogenase of, light regulation of); Microorganism growth (of Gloeotrichia pisum, nitrogenase regulation by light in relation to); Light (on nitrogenase of Gloeotrichia pisum)
Gloeotrichia nitrogenase light
Abstract: Ests. of nitrogenase activity (using the acetylene redn. assay technique) were made on colonies of G. pisum in a deepwater rice-field in Bangladesh, where this species is often the dominant alga, and on a clonal axenic lab. isolate. The study focused on the influence of light flux, because rapid and frequent changes are a feature of the light climate during the monsoon season. The response of nitrogenase to changes in light flux was quite rapid in the field and the lab. During one field study over a 24-h period lacking any long overcast period, only 3.7% of the total nitrogenase activity took place during the night. In batch culture, higher nitrogenase activity (per unit time) occurred for a period of about 12 h after a culture, which had been left in the dark for 12 h and had been re-illuminated, than the max. activity found under continuous illumination. The increase reached a max. of .apprx.100% after 3.5 h, and by 12 h this increased activity had made good 80% of the total activity lost by incubating the culture in darkness rather than light. [on SciFinder (R)]
Title: Interaction between Light Quality and Nitrogen Availability in the Differentiation of Akinetes in the Planktonic Cyanobacterium Gloeotrichia-Echinulata
Title: Interaction between light quality and nitrogen availability in the differentiation of akinetes in the planktonic cyanobacterium Gloeotrichia echinulata
Abstract: Akinete differentiation in Gloeotrichia echinulata is stimulated in batch cultures in the absence of a source of combined nitrogen. When inorganic nitrogen is available in the medium, the logarithmic phase of growth is prolonged and akinetes form at a higher culture density than when dinitrogen is supplied as the sole source of this element. Light quality also influences the timing of akinete differentiation; akinetes are formed at a lower culture density in green light in comparison to white light, particularly in the absence of combined nitrogen. These observations are interpreted in terms of the light energy requirement for the maintenance of growth and the spectral requirements for nitrogen fixation in cultures free of combined nitrogen. The data are related to the influence of variations in underwater light climate on the development of akinetes in natural populations of planktonic blue-green algae.
Abstract: Ultraviolet (u.v.) irradiation and treatment with nitrosoguanidine (NTG) were used to produce mutants of the cyanobacterium Gloeotrichia ghosei. Three non-nitrogen fixing (nif$^-$) mutants, which were also altered in their morphological characteristics, were isolated. They were designated as fil$^1$ het$^+$, fil$^1$ het$^++$ and pol$^-$ het$^-$. The first two mutants formed heterocysts and exhibited polarity while the third (i.e. pol$^-$ het$^-$) had neither heterocysts nor polarity. The fil$^1$ het$^+$ strain had a developmental pattern similar to that of the parent alga, but with longer filaments, while the fil$^1$ het$^{++}$ strain formed chains of intercalary heterocysts and the long filaments showed evidence of intercalary polarity. The isolation of these mutants demonstrates the feasibility of using Gloeotrichia to relate developmental morphology to nitrogen fixation and heterocyst differentiation in a filamentous cyanobacterium.
Abstract: Inhibition by L-methionine-DL-sulfoximine (MSX) of growth, NO3- and NH4+ uptake in G. ghosei disappeared after a lag period of 6-8 days. The ability of the organism to resume growth or N uptake following a lag period was not due to decay of the inhibitor. Amino acids such as glutamine or methionine, which function as N sources, abolished the inhibitory action of MSX. [on SciFinder (R)]
Notes: CAN 102:182332
10-5
Microbial Biochemistry
Cent. Adv. Study Bot.,Banaras Hindu Univ.,Varanasi,India.
Abstract: Inhibition by L-methionine-DL-sulphoximine (MSX) of growth, nitrate and ammonia uptake in Gloeotrichia ghosei Singh disappeared after a lag period of 6 to 8 d. The ability of the organism to resume growth or nitrogen uptake following a lag period was not due to decay of the inhibitor. Amino acids such as glutamine or methionine, which function as nitrogen sources, abolished the inhibitory action of MSX.
Abstract: The mutagenicity of N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) [70-25-7] for G. ghosei, a cyanobacterium, was enhanced by simultaneous treatment with NTG and chloramphenicol [70-25-7] with minimal effect on survival. Addn. of chloramphenicol at the time of NTG treatment enhanced the mutation frequency of the filsmarker .apprx.10-fold. [on SciFinder (R)]
Notes: CAN 104:181467
4-6
Toxicology
Cent. Adv. Study Bot.,Banaras Hindu Univ.,Varanasi,India.
Journal
0026-8925
written in English.
56-75-7; 70-25-7 Role: BIOL (Biological study) (mutagenicity in Gloeotrichia ghosei in relation to); 70-25-7 Role: ADV (Adverse effect, including toxicity), BIOL (Biological study) (mutagenicity of, in Gloeotrichia ghosei, chloramphenicol effect on)
Reference Type: Journal Article
Record Number: 219
Author: Chang, T. P.; Chang-Schneider, H.
Year: 1985
Title: Revision of the cyanophycean genus Gloeotrichia
Journal: Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie, Supplement
Volume: 71
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 249-256
AlternateJournal: Arch. Hydrobiol. (Suppl.).
Original Publication: Revision der Blaualgengattung Gloeotrichia
Abstract: The morphological variability of some species in the genus Gloeotrichia was studied and compared with the cultures from the algal collections as well as the collected samples from natural environments. Inter-strain variations were not investigated but the inter-species variations were. Filaments with both heterocysts and akinetes belong to Gloeotrichia species, such as Gl. echinulata, Gl. longicauda and Gl. natans . The morphologically changed forms of one species in the nutrient-enriched cultures are very comparable with different described species living in the polluted waters. Some ecological co-relations between morphological changes and nutrient requirements are discussed.
Author: Cmiech, H. A.; Leedale, G. F.; Reynolds, C. S.
Year: 1984
Title: Morphological and ultrastructural variability of planktonic Cyanophyceae in relation to seasonal periodicity. I. Gloeotrichia echinulata: Vegetative cells, polarity, heterocysts, akinetes
Abstract: Morphology, cytology and ultrastructure of vegetative cells, filament polarity, heterocyst differentiation and akinete development in Gloeotrichia echinulata are described under natural conditions for the first time by following wild populations of the alga over two successive field seasons. The ageing sequence of vegetative cells is studied in space and time by comparing cells from one end of a filament to the other and by comparing filaments through a complete cycle of growth and development. Heterocysts are characterized by massive sheaths and absence of membranous polar elaborations; healthy gas vesicles are retained in the heterocyst, even into senescence. Akinetes develop a "spore sheath" by modification of the filament sheath. As the akinete develops, a dense stratified deposit accumulates externally to the adjacent chain of meristematic cells. These become isolated and eventually detached, presumably as a hormogonial form of perennation. (DBO)
Notes: 1984
0007-1617
English
Journal Article
Author Address: Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
Reference Type: Book
Record Number: 224
Author: Chang, T. P.
Year: 1984
Title: Revision of the genus Gloeotrichia (Cyanophyta)
Abstract: Gloeotrichia , according to the presence of basal akinetes and heterocysts, should be separated from Rivularia as an independent genus in which more than 20 species and forms are known from literature and which can be now regrouped according to their similarities in morphological descriptions and original figurations. These 3 groups are examined with recently collected samples and cultured strains and, conclusively, only 3 are relevant species.
Notes: Annual Meeting of the Phycological Society of America, Fort Collins, CO (USA), 5-9 Aug 1984
(ABSTRACTS. ANNUAL MEETING OF THE PHYCOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, 1984)., 1984, p. 26, Journal of Phycology [J. PHYCOL.], vol. 20, no. suppl.
Q1 01484 Species interactions: parasites and diseases
Abstract: During its summer vegetation period G. echinulata appears rhythmically in lake surface waters for one to two days and then disappears in the following 8-9 days. This bloom alga which appeared for June-July contained no P. catenata and in August - September carried some Pseudanabaena trichomes. It has been observed that P. catenata can grow into G. echinulata cells and can destroy the host alga totally. A heterotrophic growth on cell-lysates of host alga is possible for P. catenata . The presence of such endophyte can be considered as a risk factor for the host alga and thus can be used to explain the recessive phenomenon of G. echinulata in the Ploener Lake.