Growth through Innovation An Industrial Strategy for Shanghai By Shahid Yusuf Kaoru Nabeshima April 22nd, 2009
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- Table 5.29: Educational level of population as a % of reference population
- Table 5.30: Educational level of population, Number in millions
- Table 5.31: Personnel of Industrial Enterprises, 2005 (Scientists and Engineers)
III. Labor and SkillsThe industrial base and Shanghai’s maturing financial and business services are important building blocks, but sustaining Shanghai’s growth over the longer term will depend upon the quality and variety of human capital, and on innovation capabilities. Shanghai’s labor market is already fairly deep and diverse. There are 9 million workers in the formal labor force supplemented by several million migrant workers who comprise Shanghai’s floating population. Over a quarter of the formal workforce in 2000, were high school graduates, and 6 percent of the workforce had earned bachelor’s degrees (see Table 5 .29). The likely cause of the small decline in the percentage of workers with high school degrees was the near doubling of Shanghai’s population between 1990 and 2000 (from 6.9 million to 12.3 million) partly as a result of the influx of less educated migrants (see Table 5 .30). The vast majority of the migrant workforce is engaged in construction, light manufacturing and assembly type activities, household services and other occupations, mostly unskilled or semi-skilled jobs. But Shanghai has also attracted significant numbers of highly skilled knowledge workers from other parts of China and overseas who fill the growing demand from Shanghai’s technology intensive activities. Close to 50,000 scientists and engineers are employed at large and medium manufacturing enterprises in Shanghai of which 47,000 are in the machinery and the materials processing industries (see Table 5 .31). One quarter of these S&E workers are employed in the electronics industry (including communication equipment and computer hardware). This capacity to attract knowledge workers is a tremendous asset (as is for London and New York) and must be enhanced by further augmenting the vitality and distinctiveness of the city and the convenience of living there. Table 5.29: Educational level of population as a % of reference population
Note: Reference population is aged 6 and over for Shanghai and China, and aged 25 or higher for United States. Source: Shanghai and China Census data various years; United States data is from Table4 of Holz (2008) Table 5.30: Educational level of population, Number in millions
Note: Reference population is aged 6 and over for Shanghai and China, and aged 25 or higher for United States. Source: Shanghai and China Census data various years; United States data is from Table4 of Holz (2008) Table 5.31: Personnel of Industrial Enterprises, 2005 (Scientists and Engineers)
Note: Data is based on firms with revenues greater than 5 million yuan. Source: Shanghai S&T Yearbook 2007. Directory: curated curated -> Concept stage curated -> Concept stage curated -> Republic of Côte d'Ivoire Urbanization Review curated -> Report No: aus11011 Central America curated -> Report No. 94474-pk fiscal Disaster Risk Assessment Options for Consideration curated -> Environmental and Social Management Framework for the Costa Rica Telecommunications Sector Modernization Project curated -> Environment Impact Assessment For Jiangxi Shangrao Sanqingshan Airport Beijing Guohuantiandi Environmental Technology Development Center. Ltd. Oct. 2012 Content curated -> Report No: 70178. People's Republic of China curated -> Making Nutrition Policy Central to Development Understanding the Political and Institutional Conditions for Policy Change Case Study of the Political Economy of Nutrition Policies in Ethiopia Prepared By Download 0.88 Mb. Share with your friends:
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