It was the site of a victorious battle by the Honvéd army units against the Habsburg forces. – B: 1064, 1031, T: 7456. Vác, Bishopric and Chapter of



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Varga, László (Ladislas) (Budapest, 18 December 1910 - Budapest, 17 May 2003) – Writer, politician and lawyer. Having been trained in Law at the University of Budapest, he followed a career in the legal field; he worked as a lawyer from 1943 to 1948. At the same time, he was President of the Christian Worker-Youth Association (Keresztény Iparos és Munkásifjak Országos Egyesülete), and took part in the anti-German movement in 1937. In 1944, the Arrow Cross Party’s Bench called him to account and arrested him. In 1947 and 1948, he was a Member of Parliament, standing for the Democratic People’s Party. Due to a defense speech, the press attacked him. In 1948 he fled to the West. He became Editor of the paper, Courier (Híradó) in Zürich during 1949 and 1950. From 1950 until 1964, he was associated with Radio Free Europe. After getting his legal qualification in Switzerland (1957), he worked as a lawyer from 1957 to 1992. In March 1950, he emigrated to the USA and in New York he founded the Hungarian Theater and also a Society of Hungarian Theater and Artists (New Yorki Magyar Színház és Művész Egyesület). His articles appeared in the National Guard (Nemetőr), Catholic Review (Katolikus Szemle), Vienna Diary (Bécsi Napló), and other papers in various parts of the world. Between 1979 and 1989, he wrote 20 plays, of which 12 were staged in the Hungarian Theater of New York. In 1989 he settled again in Hungary, entered political life, and from 1990 on, he was Vice-President, then Co-President of the Hungarian Christian Democratic People’s Party (Kereszténydemokrata Néppárt); from 1994 he was again a Member of Parliament. His works include Human Rights in Hungary (1967); The Betrayed Revolution (1980); The Occupation (1982); The Fatal Letter (1988); 1848 – Kossuth or Széchenyi (1989); The Outstanding Ones and the Failed Ones (A jelesek és az elbukottak) novel (1990), and The Big Fish (1999). His plays include Intruder (Betörő) (1931); Judgment (Ítélet) (1932): Júlia (1979): Palimony (1983): The Unexpected Guest (A váratlan vendég) (1985), and The Wandering Love. Five Plays (A bolygó szerelem. Öt színdrab) (NewYork, 1986). A Theater in Eger bears his name. – B: 0874, 1445, 1672, 1868, T: 7456.



Varga, Márton (Martin) (Szilágysomlyó, now Şimleu Silvaniei, Romania, 11 November 1886 - Budapest, 11 January 1952) – Horticulturist. He obtained his diploma from the College of Horticulture (1905-1908). In 1909, he entered a city position and, in 1925, he established and ran for two decades the Metropolitan Horticulturist Training School (Székesfővárosi Kertészképző Iskola). In 1928, he started the successful and large-scale cultivation of tulips and hyacinth bulbs. Varga was Executive President, later President of the National Hungarian Horticultural Association (Országos Magyar Kertészeti Egyesület). His works appeared in the Horticultural Review (Kertészeti Szemle) and Horticultural Papers (Kertészeti Lapok). His works, among others, include The Review of Growing Flower Bulbs and the Bulbous Species, Subspecies and Varieties of Flowers (Virághagymák termesztésének és a hagymás virágfajok, fajták és változatok ismertetése) (1931). A Horticultural and Surveyor School in Budapest bears his name. – B: 0883, 1031, T: 7456.

Varga, Mihály (Michael) (Karcag, 26 January 1965 - ) – Economist and politician. In 1989 he obtained a B.A. Degree from the Department of Trade at the University of Economics, after which he worked in the field of economics; from late in 1988, he was a member of the Fidesz Party (Alliance of Young Democrats – Fiatal Demokraták
Szövetsége - FIDESZ) and founder of the Szolnok County group of the Party. From 1993 to 1995, he was President of this Organization. In 1992 and 1993, he was President of the National Council of the Fidesz Party. From 1994 to 2003, and again after 2005, he was Vice-President responsible for the economic policy of the Party. From 1990 he was a Member of Parliament, twice on a national list, and also for the Karcag area. In Parliament, he worked in a number of Committees. He was President of the Examining Indebtedness and Bank-Consolidation Body, functioning between 1995 and 1997, and also Head of the Budget and Financial Committee (Költségvetési és Pénzügyi Bizottság). From 1995 to 1998, and from 2002, he was acting fraction-leader. From 2006 to 2010 he has been directing the work of the Budget, Financial and Audit Office Committee (Számvevőszéki és Költségvetési Bizottság). During the time of the first Orbán Government (1998-2002), Varga worked as Political Under-Secretary of State for the Ministry of Finance, between 1998 and 2000; and thereafter, from 2001 to 2002 as Minister of Finance. From 2005 on he was the main architecture of the Fidesz economy policy. In the re-elected Orbán Government, he is Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of State of the Prime Minister’s Office since the first part of 2010. He is also the Dedputy President of the Fidesz Party. From 2000 he has been a member of the Johannite Order; from 2001, an Elder of the Reformed Congregation of Karcag, and a member of the Rákóczi Society. Varga has been President of the Nagykun Civic Society and Titular Lecturer of the Economic College of Szolnok. – B: 1074, 1031, T: 7456.→Political Parties in Hungary.

Varga, Nándor Lajos (Ferdinand Louis) (Losonc, now Lučenec, Slovakia, 1 January 1895 - Budapest, 17 April 1978) – Painter and graphic artist. He studied in Kecskemét, and later at the Department of Art Teachers of the Academy of Applied Arts (Képzőművészeti Főiskola), Budapest. In 1923, he was already a demonstrator, specializing in the history of graphic art. With a scholarship from the Szinyei Society, he went on a study trip to Germany and Italy, and also traveled to Paris. His works appeared in a number of exhibitions abroad and overseas: Brussels, Zürich, the Barcelona World Fair, 22nd Biennale of Venice, Chicago, Philadelphia, etc. In 1929, a copper etching of his was placed in the British Museum, London. From 1931 he taught at the Graphic Art Section of the Academy of Applied Arts (Képzőművészeti Főiskola grafikai szakosztálya). He was President of the Society of Hungarian Graphic Artists (Magyar Grafikus Művészek Egyesülete) founded in 1940. His works are based on the classical traditions. With technical virtuosity, he developed to perfection the employment of graphic procedures. As an educator, many gifted artists have improved their talents under his tutelage. He also prepared ex libris and book illustrations. He appeared with his works in almost every exhibition in Hungary. His one-man shows were held in the Derkovits Hall (1958), in the Dürer Hall (1964), as well as in the Art Gallery (1970) in Budapest. His works are kept in the Hungarian National Gallery, the Historic Museum of Budapest, and are also found in private collections. His ex libris pieces, as part of the collection, owned by Rezső (Rudolph) Soó, were acquired by the Museum of Industrial Arts (Iparművészeti Múzeum), Budapest. His works include Copper Etching (A rézkarc) (1935); Woodcut (Fametszet) (1940); The Art of Line Drawing (Vonalművészet) (1944), and The Architectural Monuments of the Town of Sepsiszentgyörgy (now Sfântu Gheorghe, Romania), (Szepsiszentgyörgy város építészeti emlékei) with Zoltán Székely (1969). In the 1938 Arte Moderna international exhibition he won the Bronze Medal founded for engravings and graphic art works. He was a recipient of the Merited Artist title (1971). – B: 0883, 1654, T: 7456.
Varga, Richard Steven (Cleveland, Ohio, USA, 9 October 1928 - ) – Mathematician. He was born of Hungarian parents. He obtained his B.Sc. Degree in Mathematics from the Case Institute of Technology in 1950, and his M.A. and Ph.D. from Harvard University (1951 and 1954). From 1954 until 1960, Varga worked for Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory in Pittsburgh. In 1960 he returned to the Case Institute of Technology as Professor of Mathematics, and remained there for the next nine years. He then moved to Kent State University as Professor of Mathematics. At Kent, Varga has held numerous academic positions including that of Director (1980-1988) and Research Director (1988-2006) of the Institute for Computational Mathematics. Varga is known for his contributions to areas of mathematics, including matrix analysis, complex analysis, approximation theory, and scientific computation. His research interests include numerical analysis, approximation theory and Linear Algebra. Dr. Varga has published over 200 papers, written 7 books, including the classic textbook Matrix Iterative Analysis and Geršchgorin and His Circles. His books have been translated into 6 languages. He edited 5 additional books and organized 20 international conferences. Dr. Varga is Editor-in-Chief of the journal Electronic Transactions on Numerical Analysis (ETNA). He has received a number of awards and distinctions, including the Humboldt Prize in 1982. – B: 1031, 2058, T: 7103.
Varga, Vilmos (William) (Hegyközkovácsi, now Cauaceu, Romania, 9 December 1936 - ) – Actor and stage manager. He studied at the István Szentgyörgyi Institute of Dramatic Art in Marosvásárhely (now Targu Mureş, Transylvania, Romania) (1954-1958), then he received a contract with the State Hungarian Theater at Temesvár (now Timişoara, Romania), where he played leading roles for ten years. From 1969, he was a member of the Hungarian Branch of the State Theater of Nagyvárad (now Oradea, Romania). Between 1983 and 1985, he completed the postgraduate managers’ course at the College of Dramatic and Cinematic Art in Bucharest. His acting is characterized by clear diction, individually organized delivery of text, and plastic performance. He has often held popular and captivating recitals in various towns of Transylvania (Erdély, now in Romania), Hungary and other countries. His roles include Lucifer in I. Madách’s The Tragedy of Man (Az ember tragédiája); Arrow in Gorky’s Petty Buorgeois (Kispolgárok); Arnolphe in Molière’s The School for Wives (Nők iskolája); Chekhov’s Uncle Vania (Ványa bácsi), and I. Csurka’s Original Scene (Eredeti helyszín). His stage managements include F. Karinthy’s Tomorrow Morning (Holnap reggel); Zs. Móricz’s Judge Sári (Sári Bíró), and L. Zilahy’s Music Clowns (Zenebohócok). His recordings include Private Ballad (Maszek-ballada); Endre Ady, and I Francois Villon (Én Francois Villon). He is the recipient of a number of distinctions including the Ady Memorial Plaque from the Government of Hungary (1977), the Ady Prize (1985), and the Best Male Actor Prize (1999). – B: 1445, 0875, T: 7456.→Madách, Imre; Karinthy, Frigyes; Móricz, Zsigmond; Csurka, István; Zilahy, Lajos.
Varga, Zoltán (Vál, 1 January 1945 - Budapest, 9 April 2010) - Soccer player, who played in the 1960s and 1970s. He played for Ferencváros – FTC when they won the Inter-City Fair Cup in 1965. He was an Olympic gold medalist at the 1964 Summer Olympic Games in Tokyo. He also played for Ajax Amsterdam. He played in Germany for Borussia Dortmund and Hertha BSC, but was banned for two years. During the period of his suspension, he played for Aberdeen FC in Scotland. He died during a senior match. – B: 1031, T: 7103.
Varga, Zsigmond Sr. (Sigismund) (Marosdécse, now Decea, Romania, 5 February 1886 - Debrecen, 18 April 1956) – Reformed theologian and orientalist. He received his education first at the Nagyenyed (now Aiud, Romania) College, then at the Reformed Theological Academy of Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania). He continued his studies at the University of Berlin, the University of Geneva, and obtained a Ph.D. from the University of Utrecht as well as a Ph.D. in Eastern Languages from the University of Budapest (1911). First, he worked as Chief Librarian at the Reformed Theological Academy of Debrecen. In 1921, he became Professor of Reformed Theology at the University of Debrecen, later on becoming Professor of Oriental Languages. His works include Religious World View and Historical Research (1911); New Data to the Ancient Religion of the Ural-Altaic Peoples (Új adatok az ural-altai népek ősvallásához) (1915); Cultural History of Eastern Peoples in Ancient Times vols. i-ii (1915-1918); The Present State of the Sumerian Problem (1920); Sumerian Heritage in the Religious Life of the Ural-Altaic Peoples (1925); General Church History I-II (1931-1932), and From a Distance of Five Thousand Years (Ötezer év távolából) (1942), for which he was awarded the Fáy Prize of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. – B: 0883, 0910, T: 7456.→Varga, Zsigmond Jr.
Varga, Zsigmond Jr. (Sigismund) (Debrecen, 6 September 1919 - Gusen, Austria, 5 March 1945) – Minister of the Reformed Church, son of Zsigmond (Sigismund) Varga, Sr. He completed his schooling at the Reformed College of Debrecen. He studied Theology at the Reformed Theological Academy of Debrecen, and wrote a series of articles for the theologians' periodical, the Gazette (Közlöny). He obtained a Ph.D. in New Testament Sciences and History of Religion in 1942 in Debrecen. He was on a scholarship in Switzerland in 1942-1943, where he became acquainted with renowned theologians of the age, such as Visser’t Hoof, Oscar Cullmann, Emil Brunner and Karl Barth. He returned to Hungary with a collection of books for the Main Library of the Reformed College of Debrecen. In 1944, he conducted studies in Vienna. At the same time, he also served as a minister for Viennese Reformed Hungarians on appointment from the General Convent of the Reformed Church in Hungary. He was arrested for one of his sermons and his anti-fascist behavior, and was deported to the concentrations camp of Matthausen, finally taken to Gusen where he died. There is a memorial plaque at the memorial Hall of Gusen and at the Reformed College of Debrecen. – B: 0883, 1873, T: 7103.→Varga, Zsigmond Sr.
Vargha, Gyula (Julius) (Káva, 4 November 1853 - Budapest, 2 May 1929) – Statistician, poet, translator of literary works. While reading Law, he entered the service of the Statistical Bureau. From 1892 he was Deputy Director of the Central Statistical Bureau, from 1901 its Director. In addition to developing the official statistics, he carried out valuable work in the field of economic statistics. He significantly contributed to the two volumes work of Lajos (Louis) Láng (ed.): Statistics of Hungary. From 1887 he wrote and edited, together with József (Joseph) Jekelfalussy, nine volumes of the Economic and Statistical Yearbook (Gazdasági-Statisztikai Évkönyv), which is a valuable source for economic history of work statistics. From 1914 to 1917, he was a Member of Parliament of the National Labor Party (Nemzeti Munkás Párt), and political Undersecretary of State of the Ministry of Commerce. He was a keen follower of the politics of Count István (Stephen) Tisza. His first volume of poems was published in 1881 followed by several more volumes after a silence of 23 years. He was also well-known as a translator of literary works. From 1883 he was a member of the Kisfaludy Society; from 1900 its Secretary and, from 1922 its Vice-President. He was a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (corresponding 1892, ordinary 1907, vice-president 1928-1929 and an honorary member from 1923). His works include Songs (Dalok) (1881); Financial Institutions of Hungary (Magyarország Pénzintézetei (1895); “Half-a-century Development of Hungarians” (“A magyarság félévszázados fejlődése”) in the Economic Review (1902); Poems of Gyula Vargha (Vargha Gyula költeményei) (1915); In a Fog (Ködben) (1922), and Toward the Infinite (A végtelen felé) (1923). He was presented with the Marczibányi Prize of the Academy of Sciences (MTA) and, for all his poems, the Grand Prix of the Academy of Sciences in 1923. – B: 0883, 1257, T: 7456.→Jekelfalussy, József.
Vargha, Tamás (Thomas) (Budapest, 25 February 1890 - Budapest, 1 January 1968) – Minister of the Reformed Church, poet and writer. He was the father of writer and poet Domokos Varga. He completed his Theological studies at the Reformed Theological Academy of Budapest, became Parish Minister in Kunszentmiklós, and Dean of the Solt Reformed Deanery. He was Editor of the periodical, Mustard Seed (Mustármag), and the Calendar of Hungarian Christians (Magyar Keresztyének Naptára). A selection of his works includes Poems From the Time of the Great War (Versek a nagy háború idejéből) (1917); Rabaut, Preacher of the Prairies (Rabaut, a puszták prédikátora) (1925), and Little Biblical Mirror (Bibliai kistükör) (1935). – B: 0877, T: 7103.→Varga, Domokos.
Vargyas, Lajos (Louis) (Óbuda, 1 February 1914 - Budapest, 11 October 2007) – Folklorist, music historian and writer. He studied Hungarian Literature and Folklore at the University of Budapest, (1936), and later Church Music at the Ferenc (Franz) Liszt Academy of Music, Budapest, as a student and colleague of Zoltán Kodály (1938). He worked at the Folk Music Department of the Museum of Ethnography, Budapest, from 1939 to 1952, as a junior clerk, then an Assistant Professor and Librarian. From 1952, he was appointed Director of the same Institute. From 1962 to 1973, he was a principal contributor, then director, finally counselor for the Folk Music Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He was one of the outstanding folklorists of the later 20th and the beginning of the 21st century. A selection of his works includes Music Life of the Village (A falu zenei élete) (1942); The Rhythm of Hungarian Poetry (A magyar vers ritmusa) (1952); Hungarian Poetry – Hungarian Language (Magyar vers – magyar nyelv) (1966, 2000); Research in the Medieval History of Folk Ballads (1967); Folk-music of the Hungarians (A magyarság népzenéje) (1981); Hungarian Ballads and the European Ballad Tradition (1983); Hungarian Ethnography (Magyar Néprajz) editor (1988); Repertory of Hungarian Folk Music (A magyar népzene tára) (1993), and Music Genre of a Village (Egy falu zenei világa) (2000). Among his distinctions are the Ferenc Erkel Prize (1980), the Hungarian Heritage Prize (1991), and the Prima Primissima Prize (2004). – B: 0874, 0878, 0877, T: 7103.→Kodály, Zoltán.
Vári, Attila (nickname Doki) (Budpest, 26 February 1976 - ) – Water polo player. He started competing in modem pentathlon, but he was fed up with running. He liked to swim, so he went for water polo training in the neighborhood. He made his debut for the national side in 1997. He played on the gold medal squads at the 2000 and 2004 Summer Olympic Games. Vári’s back hand shot from ten meters in the 2000 Summer Olympic Games in Sydney, Australia, finals against Russia was probably the most unexpected and spectacular goal anyone ever scored in an Olympic final game in water polo. B: 1031, T: 7103.
Vári Fábián, László (Ladislas) (family name: Fábián) (Tiszaújlak, now Vilok, Carpatho-Ukraine, 16 March 1951 - ) – Poet, ethnographer, literary translator and critic. His higher studies were at the University of Ungvár (now Uzhhorod, Carpatho-Ukraine) (1968-1971), where he read Hungarian Language and Literature. Due to his involvement in the Hungarian Civil Rights Movement, he suffered its consequences. From 1972, he was a soldier, serving in East Germany. From 1974, he was a laborer at the Ironworks in Beregszász (now Berehove, Carpatho-Ukraine). He acquired a Teacher’s Degree in Hungarian Language and Literature from the University of Ungvár in 1978. He taught in Mezővári from 1976, later at the Hungarian College in Beregszász. Between 1967 and 1971, he was a member of the Studio Source (Forrás) of Ungvár. In the 1970s, he was silenced. He was involved in collecting ethnographical materials. He is one of the founders of the Hungarian Cultural Society of Sub-Carpathia (Kárpátaljai Magyar Kultúrális Szövetség – KMKSZ), and was its Vice-President (1992-1996). Since 1991, he has been one of the leaders of the Alliance of Hungarian Writers (Magyar Írószövetség). His works include Belle-stories (Széphistóriák) poems (1991); Between Unsheathed Swords (Kivont kardok között) poems (1992), and There are Rocking Cradles (Vannak ringó bölcsők), Hungarian folk-ballads of Subcarpathia (1992). He also translates Ruthenian poetry into Hungarian. He is one of the leaders of the Sub-Carpathian Hungarians. His poetry is rooted in peasant and patriotic traditions, is highly regarded, and it will stand the test of time. Among his numerous distinctions are the Prize of the Ninth (1983), the Pro Cultura Hungarica (1991), the Pro Hungarian Art Prize (1992), the Gábor Bethlen Prize (2001), the Attila József Prize (2003), the Balassi Memorial Sword (2004), and the József Ratkó Prize (2007). – 1031, 1257, T: 7103.
Várkonyi, László (Leslie) (Nickname Konyi) (10 August 1956 - Mount Everest 26 April 2010) – Mountaineer. He started climbing at the age of fifteen. He climbed in the High Tatras, Caucasus, Pamir, Andes, and Tien Shan. He conquered three summits over 8000 meters and was under the summit of two others. In the spring of 2002, he reached up to 8770 meters on the south side of Mount Everest in the Himalayas. On 26 April 2010, he attempted to climb Mount Everest again (8850 m), together with Dávid Klein; but during the expedition, the team had an avalanche accident, and László Várkonyi lost his life. Várkonyi was one of the most successful and most experienced Hungarian expedition mountaineers, holding the Hungarian record for climbing without supplementary oxygen. – B: 1031, T: 7103.
Várkonyi, Mihály (Michael) (Victor Varkoni) (Kisvárda, 31 March 1891 - Santa Barbara, CA, USA, 26 July 1976) – Actor. He completed his studies at the Academy of Dramatic Art, Budapest, in 1912; thereafter, he played in Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania) (1912-1914), while in 1919-1920 he played at the National Theater (Nemzeti Színház), Budapest. In the fall of 1919, he played as a guest artist at the Apollo Cabaret. His film-acting career began with the silent films produced in Kolozsvár. In 1920, he emigrated and lived in Austria and Germany and, in 1923 he settled in the USA, shooting a number of silent films. He was not so sought-after when the sound-films appeared. He did appear at some Hungarian events in New York: e.g. Sulamit (1952), Lily (1954). In the 1950s he worked for Radio New York. He played romantic and heroic roles, as well as character figures. His roles included Lutz in F. Herczeg’s The Black Rider (A fekete lovas); John in Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing (Sok hűhó semmiért), and Heavenly draftsman in F. Molnár’s Liliom (later made into the Rogers & Hammerstein musical, Carousel). His feature films include Yellow Colt (Sárga csikó) (silent, 1913); Head Mistress (Tanitónő) (silent, 1917); Sister Maria (Mária nővér) (1919); Sodom and Gomorrah (Austrian, 1922); The Angel of Broadway (A Broadway angyala) (USA 1927), Devil of the Seven Seas (Hét tenger ördöge) (USA 1940); Forced Landing (Kényszerleszállás) (USA 1941), and Atom Submarine (Atomtengeralattjáró) (USA 1959). – B: 1445, 0883, T: 7456.

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