Практикум для студентов по специальности 09. 02. 03 Программирование в компьютерных системах углубленная подготовка

В результате изучения темы

- настоящее длительное время (The Present Continuous Tense);

- активную лексику по теме.

уметь:

- употреблять в устной и письменной речи настоящее длительное время;

- переводить текст со словарём;

- отвечать на вопросы;

- составлять монологическое высказывание по теме.

Алгоритм работы

1.Изучите теорию о времени «The Present Continuous Tense».

The Present Continuous Tense - (настоящее длительное время) действие происходит в настоящем времени, в момент речи или в ближайший незаконченный период времени. (today, now, this week, this evening, this morning, at the moment, at present)

Образование форм the Present Continuous Tense

Форма
Утвердительная	Отрицательная	Вопросительная
I am She He is It writing You We are They	I am+not She He is+not It writing You We are+not They	Am I writing? She Is He writing? It We Are You writing? They

2.Выполните упражнения:

Задание 1. Проанализируйте употребление и формы глаголов в настоящем времени.

The Present Indefinite Tense.

I usually have breakfast at 8.00.	Обычно я завтракаю в 8 часов.
After breakfast I go to my office.	После завтрака я иду в офис.
He plays chess well.	Он хорошо играет в шахматы.
She lives in Minsk.	Она живет в Минске.
You always look very well.	Ты всегда очень хорошо выглядишь.

The Present Continuous Tense.

What are you doing?	Что ты делаешь?
- I am reading Crime and Punishment.	- Я читаю «Преступление и наказание».
Are you playing tennis now?	Ты играешь в теннис сейчас?
They are staying at the Park Hotel at present.	В настоящее время они остановились в «Парк-Отеле».

Задание 2. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в форму настоящего длительного времени:

1. 
   Please, be quit. I ________ (to work) now.
   
2. 
   He______ (to wait) a bus.
   
3. 
   His children_______ (to play) football now.
   
4. 
   We______ (to have) breakfast now. Can I phone you later?
   
5. 
   The weather is nice. The sun_______ (shine).
   

1. 
   Mary is sleeping.
   
2. 
   You are listening to the radio.
   
3. 
   I am studying.
   
4. 
   We are drinking coffee at the moment.
   
5. 
   Sam is eating now.
   

Moscow is the capital of Russia, its administrative, economic, political and scientific centre. It is one of the largest cities in the world with the population of 10 million people. The city stands on the bank of the Moskva river. Its total area is about 900 thousand square kilometers.

The city was founded by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky in 1147 as a fortress on the bank of the wide and deep Moskva river. At first it was a small settlement with wooden houses surrounded by wooden walls to protect people from the enemies. As the time passed Moscow turned into a wealthy city. In the 16th century, under Ivan the Terrible, Moscow became the capital of the state of Muscovy. Many times Moscow suffered from various invaders — the Tatars in the 13^th century, the Napoleon’s occupation in the 19th century, two World wars in the 20^th century. The present-day Moscow is the seat of the government of the Russian Federation. President of Russia lives and works here. Government offices and different international organizations are located here too.

Moscow is a major industrial city. Its leading industries are engineering, chemical and light industries. Moscow is an important railway, highway and international airway cross-road. It has 9 railway stations, 5 airports and besides Moscow is a port of five seas. Its two river ports join it to five seas and many foreign countries. Moscovites are proud of its magnificent underground, the most splendid metro in the world. Today Moscow has over a hundred beautiful stations, many of which look like palaces.

Moscow is the city of science and learning. There are over 80 higher educational institutions in the city. Moscow State University named after Lomonosov is famous all over the world.

Moscow is a great cultural centre where there are lots of cinemas, concert halls, more than forty drama and musical theatres, including the Bolshoi Theatre with its famous world ballet and opera, the Art Theatre, the Maly Theatre, the Vakhtangov Theatre and others. Moscovites are proud of their museums: the Tretyakov Gallery, the Museum of Fine Arts named after A. Pushkin, the Kuskovo museum, Kolomenskoye, literary museums and art galleries. Moscow, the heart of our country, is dear not only to Moscovites, but to all the Russians.

Questions:

1. What is the role of Moscow in Russia?

2. What is the population of Moscow?

3. What is the total area of Moscow?

4. When was Moscow founded and who was the founder of Moscow?

5. How did Moscow look like in the 12^th century?

6. When did it become the capital?

7. What industries are developed in Moscow?

8. The port of which seas can Moscow be named?

4. Прочитайте и переведите текст «From the History of Moscow».

As far back as the 12^th century Moscow was known as a small estate of Prince Yuri Dolgoruki. In 1156 it was walled and thus became a town, or rather a fortress on the bank of the Moskva river, then an important trade route. Its economic and political development was largely due to its favourable geographical position.

The city was ruined in the 13th century during the Tatar invasion, and for many years paid a tribute to the Tatar Khans, but toward the end of the 14^th century it rose against those rulers. The city gradually grew stronger and became the capital of the new state of Mоscovy. As it was a military, as well as an administrative and economic centre, its rulers erected ramparts and fortifications.

By the end of the 16^th century, during the reign of Boris Godunov, Moscow had three walls with towers and moats surrounding the Kremlin, the Kitai-Gorod and the White City. It was also surrounded by earthworks, 14 km. in circumferences, and guarded in the south, east and west by six fortified monasteries. From the Kremlin and Red Square streets radiated to the outskirts from where they continued as trade roads.

1. 
   When were the red walls constructed?
   
2. 
   Where were the Russian Tsars and Emperors crowned?
   
3. 
   Which Cathedral is connected with Andrey Rublev?
   
4. 
   What is Annunciation Cathedral famous for?
   

1. 
   Расскажите формы образования настоящего длительного времени.
   

Устное собеседование. Тест № 2 (см. приложение).

В результате изучения темы

- активную лексику по теме.

1. I … give you a call in the evening. 2. They … come in a few days. 3. The film … begin in 5 minutes. 4. They … do it themselves. 5. I … help you with the cooking. 6. He … graduate from the University next year. 7. It … get dark in an hour. 8. You … pack your things in the evening. 9. What do you think Sally … do?

10. … the boots be ready by next Friday?

Задание 3. Прочитайте и скажите что ты (он, она) будут или не будут делать.

1. Go to home after your classes. 2. Don’t talk at the lesson. 3. Don’t wait for your friends. 4. Don’t forget about your promise. 5. Call your friends.

1. 
   What will you do on sunny winter Sunday?
   
2. 
   Will the weather be windy tomorrow?
   
3. 
   What lessons will you have tomorrow?
   
4. 
   Will your friend come to see you tonight?
   
5. 
   Will you do your homework for tomorrow today?
   

1) They will return in October.

2) These exercises will be easy for you.

3) He will be able to meet us later.

4) Our drama society will present a new play this year.

5) The lesson will be over at twelve o'clock.

6) There will be three new students in the class.

7) She will leave a message on the table for him.

8) They will write to us on Wednesday.

9) We shall take the children to the park.

When we speak of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland we actually speak about four countries united into one state: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast. Each of these countries has its own language and government.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain is situated on the British Isles lying to the north-west of the continent of Europe. The British Isles consist of two main islands, Great Britain and Ireland separated by the Irish Sea and more than 8000 smaller islands. In the west they are washed by the Atlantic Ocean, in the east by the North Sea. Great Britain is separated from the continent by the English Channel and the Strait of Dover (32 km wide).

The surface of England and Ireland is rather flat while the highlands area comprises Scotland and most of Wales. The Cheviot Hills running from east to west, separate England from Scotland. The Pennine Chain extends southward from the Cheviot Hills into the Midlands.

There are many rivers in Great Britain but they are not long. The longest river is the Severn, flowing along the border between England and Wales, south-west into the Irish Sea. The busiest and the most important river is the Thames. The chief river in Scotland is the Clyde. Many of the English and Scottish rivers are joined by canals, so that it’s possible to travel by water from one end of Great Britain to the other.

The U.K. has many beautiful lakes in Scotland and north-west England. Many Scottish valleys between the hills and filled with lakes, called lochs. The best known is Loch Ness where as some people think a large monster lives. The Lake District in northern England with its lakes, mountains and valleys is a favourite holiday resort.

There are no great forests in Great Britain now. Historically, the most famous forest is Sherwood forest, the home of Robin Hood. It is to the north of London.

The Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of Gulf Stream influence the climate of Great Britain making it temperate and mild. Winters are not severe (the average temperature of January is 3-7 ^oC), summers are not very hot (11-17 ^oC in July). Rains all year round and thick fogs in autumn or in winter are the most typical features of the climate in Great Britain.

Great Britain is the highly developed industrial country. It is famous for its industry, heavy and light engineering. The country is the fourth largest exporter of manufactured goods. The largest cities of Great Britain are: London, Birmingham. Glasgow, Manchester, Sheffield, Bristol, Leeds. The most important ports are: London, Liverpool, Southampton, Belfast and Cardiff. London is the capital of the UK and the largest city in Europe dominates Britain. It is a world center for business and money trading, the country’s largest port and a cultural centre.

Birmingham is the Britain’s second largest city and its engineering centre. The industrial enterprises of Birmingham and Sheffield produce aeroplanes, motor-cars, electric machinery and apparatus (General Electric Company), agricultural machinery, machine tools, railway carriages and almost everything made of steel and iron.

Glasgow in Scotland is the third largest city in Britain. It is associated with heavy industry. It is also famous for its shipyards which lie along the banks of the river Clyde.

Manchester became the world’s leading producer of cotton goods. Bradford and Leeds are the main producers of woolen goods. Shipbuilding is centered in Liverpool, Newcastle, and Glasgow.

The United Kingdom is capitalist state with mixed economy where production is controlled by both the Government and the private producers. The elected National Economic Development Council coordinates work and development of private and public companies.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a parliamentary monarchy. This means that the power of the British monarch is limited by Parliament.

The legislative power belongs to Parliament which consists of two houses: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Lords is composed of 800 peers who are not elected, they inherit this right from their fathers. The Chairman of this House is called Lord Chancellor. 630 members of the House of Commons are elected by people every five years. The Chairman of this house is the Speaker. The main function of the Parliament is lawmaking.

The executive power is realized by Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The government is usually formed by the party that wins the election and receives the majority in the House of Commons. The leader of the party becomes Prime Minister. He appoints ministers and forms the Cabinet. The Cabinet, consisting of 20 ministers, holds office for five years. The second largest party becomes the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet. The two leading parties in Great Britain are the Conservative Party and the Labor Party.

The judicial branch of the government determines common law and is independent of both legislative and the executive branches.

1. 
   What industry is the UK famous for?
   
2. 
   What is the capital of Great Britain?
   
3. 
   What cities are the centers of steel industry (textile, shipbuilding industries)?
   
4. 
   What is the UK from political point of view?
   
5. 
   What does the legislative power belong to?
   
6. 
   What is the function of the parliament?
   
7. 
   What is the executive power?
   
8. 
   Who forms the Cabinet of Ministers?
   

capital - столица residence - резиденция

centre - центр official - официальный

region - район gallery - галерея

street - улица painting - живопись, картина

district - район masterpiece - шедевр

palace - дворец art - искусство

royal - королевский collection - коллекция

fortress - крепость library - библиотека

cathedral - собор wealth - богатство

hotel - гостиница to inhabit - населять

park - парк resident - житель

statue - статуя to attract attention - привлекать внимание

monument - памятник contain - содержать

memory - память, to occupy - занимать

victim - жертва to stretch - простираться

museum - музей

advertisement - объявление

1. 
   London is situated on the banks of the river ...
   
2. 
   The oldest part of London is ...
   
3. 
   Its population is ...
   
4. 
   The aristocratic official part of London is called ...
   
5. 
   The symbol of wealth and luxury is ...
   
6. 
   The industrial district of London is called ...
   
7. 
   The well-known people of England are buried in ...
   
8. 
   Most Government offices in London are situated in ... street.
   
9. 
   The official residence of the Prime Minister is in ...
   
10. 
    One of the busiest shopping centers in London is in ... street.
    
11. 
    The place where Monarch lives is called ...
    
12. 
    The place of meetings and demonstrations in London is called ...
    
13. 
    In the middle of Trafalgar Square there is a ...
    
14. 
    The museum which contains a great collection of pictures of different schools is called ...
    
15. 
    The largest park in London is ...
    
16. 
    Old residents of the East End call themselves ...
    

1. 
   What is a system of education aimed to?
   
2. 
   When does the pre-school education in England begin in England, Wales and North Ireland?
   
3. 
   When does the compulsory education begin in England?
   
4. 
   What are «3R’s» of the infant school?
   
5. 
   What are the most famous Public schools in England?
   
6. 
   What are Grammar and Comprehensive schools?'
   
7. 
   What are Modern schools?
   
8. 
   Are there compulsory subjects in UK?
   
9. 
   What exams must be taken to enter the University?
   

1. 
   Расскажите формулы образования будущего неопределённого времени.
   
2. 
   Расскажите кратко о Великобритании.
   

Устное собеседование.