Практикум для студентов по специальности 09. 02. 03 Программирование в компьютерных системах углубленная подготовка
Download 3.16 Mb.
|
- Navigate this page:
- The Past Indefinite Tense
- Формулы образования времён Образование форм the
- Особенности Написания Произношения
- Образование
- Задание 1. Проанализируйте употребление и формы глаголов в прошедшем времени.
- Задание 2. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Indefinite. Переведите предложения на русский язык
- Задание 3. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Continuous
- Задание
- Задание 5.
- Задание 6.
- Задание 7.
- [d] [t] [id]
Практическая работа №5 The Past Indefinite, the Past Continuous Tenses. Неправильные глаголы. Соединённые Штаты Америки. В результате изучения темы Студент должен знать: - прошедшее неопределенное и длительное время; - активную лексику по теме.
- определять прошедшее неопределенное и длительное времена; - переводить текст со словарем.
Формулы образования времён Образование форм the Past Indefinite Tense
Утвердительная форма правильных глаголов образуется путём прибавления окончания – ed к основе глагола. Особенности Написания Произношения 1. При прибавлении окончания- ed [d] [t] [id] немая –е выпадает: to live-lived после звонких после глухих после звуков 2. to study – studied согласных и согласных: [d] и [t] to play – played гласных: to work-worked to last-lasted 3. глаголы, оканчивающиеся на еди- to open-opened to finish-finished to intend- ничную согласную с предшествую- to answer-answered intended щим кратким гласным звуком, удваивают конечную согласную: to stop - stopped Утвердительная форма неправильных глаголов образуется не путём прибавления окончания – ed к основе глагола, а различными другими способами: 1) изменение корневой гласной: to begin – began - begun 2) изменение корневой гласной и прибавлением окончания к форме инфинитива: to give – gave - given 3) изменение окончания формы инфинитива: to build – built - built 4) у некоторых неправильных глаголов все три формы одинаковы: to cut – cut - cut
2.Выполните упражнения: Задание_1._Проанализируйте_употребление_и_формы_глаголов_в_прошедшем_времени.'>Задание 1. Проанализируйте употребление и формы глаголов в прошедшем времени. The Past Indefinite Tense
The Past Continuous Tense
Задание 2. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Indefinite. Переведите предложения на русский язык: 1) I (forget) to bring my notebook to class yesterday. 2) The telephone (ring) twice but no one answered it. 3) George (think) about his troubles continuously. 4) Last year Professor Johns (teach) us both English and mathematics. 5) I (lose) my English book yesterday but (find) it later. 6) The Petrovs (take) their two children to the South with them. 7) He (tell) the whole story to us. 8) The meeting (begin) at ten o'clock yesterday. 9) They (go) to the park after the lesson. Задание 3. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Continuous: 1) When you telephoned, I (have) dinner. 2) The baby (sleep) soundly when I went to wake him. 3) She (talk) with Mr. Smith when I saw her in the hall. 4) The accident happened while they (travel) in the South. 5) When I got up this morning, the sun (shine) brightly. 6) At seven o'clock, when you telephoned, I (read) the newspaper. 7) Mary (play) the piano when I arrived. 8) Helen fell just as she (get) off the bus. 9) The wind (blow) hard when I came to work this morning. Задание 4. Раскройте скобки, употребив одно из прошедших времен (the Past Indefinite или the Past Continuous). 1. He (have) a bath when the phone rang. Very unwillingly he (get) out of the bath and (go) to answer it. 2. He suddenly realized that he (travel) in the wrong direction. 3. You looked very busy when I saw you last night. What you (do)? 4. The boys (play) cards when they (hear) their father’s steps. They immediately (hide) the cards and (take) out their text-books. 5. He (not, allow) us to go out in the boat yesterday as strong wind (blow). 6. When I (hear) the knock I (go) to the door and (open) it, but I (not recognize) him at first because he (wear) dark glasses. 7. When I came in they (sit) round the table. Mr. and Mrs. Brown (watch) TV, Kate (knit), the others (read). Mrs. Brown (smile) at me and (say), “Come and sit down”. Задание 5. Дайте форму прошедшего времени следующих правильных глаголов, составьте 3 предложения с этими глаголами: to close, to excuse, to listen, to live, to open, to receive, to play, to stay, to collect, to dictate, to start, to pass, to smoke, to thank, to wash, to watch. Задание 6. Дайте форму прошедшего времени следующих неправильных глаголов, составьте 3 предложения с этими глаголами: to be, to buy, to teach, to think, to come, to give, to do, to get, to go, to have, to leave, to know, to make, to read, to take, to tell, to wake, to write, to drive Задание 7. Прочитайте глаголы, и выведите правило произношения окончания ed в прошедшем неопределённом времени:
2. Прочитайте и переведите текст «The United States of America». Ответьте на вопросы после текста. The United States of America is the 4th largest country in the world after Russia, Canada and China. It lies in the central part of the North American Continent between the two oceans: the Atlantic Ocean in the East and the Pacific Ocean in the West. Canada in the North and Mexico in the South are the only countries that have borders with the USA. The total area of the USA is about 9 million square kilometers. The population is about 230 million people. The country is washed by 3 oceans: The Arctic, the Atlantic and the Pacific. The country has many lakes, including the Great Lakes and many rivers, the longest of which are the Mississippi, the Missouri, the Columbia and others. The highest mountains are the Rocky Mountains, the Appalachian, the Cordillera and the Sierra Nevada. The highest peak, Mount McKinley, is in Alaska. The climate conditions are rather various. The country is rich in natural and mineral resources: oil, gas, iron ore, coal and various metals. The USA is a highly developed industrial and agricultural country. The main industrial branches are aircraft, rocket, automobile, electronics, radio engineering and others. Nowadays the USA is one of the leading powers of the world due to its economic, political and military influence. The United States of America is a federal state and a parliamentary republic, headed by the President. According to the US Constitution the powers of the Government are divided into 3 branches: legislative (the Congress), executive (the President), and judicial (the Supreme Court). The Congress has two houses — the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the country. There are two main political parties in the United States: the Democratic Party (their symbol is a donkey), and the Republican Party (their symbol is an elephant). The president is elected for a 4-year term and not more than two times. Words: total area — общая площадь borders — границы Appalachian — Аппалачи Great Lakes — Великие озера Rocky Mountains — Скалистые горы Sierra Nevada — Сьерра-Невада Cordillera — Кордильеры highly developed — высокоразвитый climate conditions — климатические условия House of Representatives — палата представителей Questions: What is the geographical position of the United States? What countries have borders with the United States? What are the highest mountains in the United States? What are the biggest rivers in the United States? What are the main industrial branches of the United States economy? What are the biggest cities of the Unites States? What is the political system of the United States? What are the three branches of the United States government? 3. Прочитайте и переведите письменно текст «From the History of the USA». North America’s first settlers were people, who came from Asia, using the land bridge between North America and Asia. Later the natural bridge was covered with water, the Bering Strait appeared. So the continents were isolated and the migration stopped. Modern Europeans knew nothing about American continent till the XVth Century when Christopher Columbus discovered it. In 1492 C. Columbus, an Italian sailor, whose life-time dream was to find a new way to India, sailed westwards with three little ships. It was a very difficult voyage but in three months the ships reached and landed on one of the Bahamas islands. Until the end of his life Columbus thought that the islands and the mainland were the part of India. That’s why they were called West Indies and the red-skinned natives — «Indians». In 1497 another Italian seaman Amerigo Vespucchi explored the coast of South America and proved that the land discovered by Columbus was not India but the new continent. The «New World» was decided to name after him — America, the land of Amerigo. But only at the beginning of the XVIIth century Englishmen established several colonies and called them New England. It happened in 1620 when some English families (about 100 people) left England on board the ship «Mayflower» and sailed to America. From the Atlantic coast colonists gradually penetrated into the depths of the continent. They drove back the native population, took away their lands by force and deception and destroyed them. The colonists became richer and stronger but they were ruled by England and paid duty on different things. At the end of the XVIIth century (in 1775) the colonists started the War of Independence. It lasted eight years. In 1776 the Declaration of Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson. Thirteen colonies declared themselves free and independent of England. This day (July, 4) is considered to be the birthday of the American nation. , After the end of the War of Independence in 1783, 16 states were formed and they chose George Washington as their first president. At present there are 50 stars on the American flag, symbolizing 50 U.S. states, the stripes represent 13 original states.
The United States of America is a highly developed capitalist country. It is the leading industrial state of the world. The U.S. A. economy is based on the free enterprise system, though some elements of state control and regulation are present. The country has a developed system of communications of various kinds: motorway and railway, phone and computer and others. The availability of raw material, stability of economy provides constant increase of national gross output. The United States of America is a Federal Republic consisting of 50 states. According to the constitution proclaimed in 1787 the power of the government is divided into three branches — the legislative, the executive and the judicial branches. The legislative branch is the Congress, which consists of the Senate (100 senators, two from each state) and the House of Representatives (435 persons). The function of the legislative branch is to make laws. The executive branch, which includes the President, Vice - president and the Cabinet consisting of eleven Secretaries of the executive departments, is responsible for administering and executing the laws. The President is the head of the state and the government and the Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the U.S.A. The judicial branch of the federal government consists of the Supreme Court of the United States and the system of federal courts. It has the responsibility of judging the constitutionality of acts of law. Questions: 1. What is the U.S.A. from political point of view? 2. What are the three main branches of the power of the government? 3. What is the legislative branch? 4. What is its function? 5. What does the executive branch include? 6. What is it responsible for? 7. What is the role of the President? 8. What does the judicial branch consist of? 9. What is its function? 6. Переведите письменно текст «New York», подготовьте доклад о крупнейших городах США. New York is one of the largest cities in the world. It was founded three hundred years ago in the mouth of the Hudson River. The centre of New York is Manhattan Island. In 1626 it was bought from the Indians for twenty-four dollars. Today Manhattan is the centre of business and commercial life of the country. There are many skyscrapers, banks and offices of American businessmen in Manhattan. Broadway begins here; the Stock Exchange is located here. Not many people live in Manhattan, although the majority works here. Numerous bridges link Manhattan Island with the other parts of New York. People from almost all parts of the world live New York. It is even called “Modern Babylon”. A lot of immigrants came to the USA from different countries at the beginning of the 20th century. They entered the USA through New York — the Gateway of America. New York is one of the leading manufacturing cities in the world. The most important branches of industry are those producing paper products, vehicles, glass, chemicals, and machinery. The city traffic is very busy. 7. Переведите письменно текст «Some National Holidays in the U.S.A.». Подготовьте доклад о праздниках в США. Directory: upload -> 2015 upload -> Traditional British values upload -> Tv shows, Made for tv movies, Mini Series & Internet Programs Shot at Paramount Ranch upload -> Ownership Models There are two different types of ownership models upload -> Police Militarization upload -> City of rising star regular meting thursday, july 14, 2016 upload -> Township of winfield 2015 -> Кафедра английского языка №2 Дубовская О. В., Кулемекова М. В 2015 -> Android Endoscope illustration 2015 -> - 2015 -> Зимний семестр образец зачетной лексико-грамматической контрольной работы (зимний семестр) revision paper Download 3.16 Mb. Share with your friends:
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||